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1、Section Word power, Task & Project1scream vi.尖叫，高声喊；呼啸n. 尖叫，尖锐刺耳的声音2prejudice n. 偏见，成见 vt. 使怀有(或形成)偏见3seek vt.&vi. 试图，设法；寻找，寻求4trend n. 趋势，动向5decline n. 衰落，衰败；减少；下降vi.&vt. 衰落；下降；婉言谢绝6discrimination n歧视，区别对待；辨别力，鉴赏力discriminate vt.区分 vi.辨别discriminating adj.有辨别能力的；有区别的7gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的；平缓的，不陡的grad
2、ually adv.逐渐地8tendency n. 倾向，偏好；趋势，趋向tendentious adj.有目的的；有倾向的；有偏见的1try_out 试验，试用2apply_for 申请3put_up 张贴；举起；建造4feel_like_doing_sth. 想干某事5leave_out 删除，去掉6look_up 向上看；查找7take_part_in 参加 8.split_up 分手，分裂9break_up_ 破裂，解散；破碎10serve_as_ 担任11take_a_brief_look_at 简要地看看12make_a_fortune_ 发财，赚钱Scan the text an
3、d choose the best answer.1Which is the right order of the music mentioned in the text?Ajazzrock and rollthe bluespop musicBjazzthe bluesrock and rollpop musicCjazzpop musicthe bluesrock and rollDthe bluesjazzrock and rollpop music2Who is one of the first rock and roll musicians?ALouis Armstrong.BSam
4、 Philips.CBig Joe Turner.DElvis Presley.3Which of the following statements is TRUE?AAfter Big Joe Turner released the first rock and roll song, he became very famous in America.BElvis Presley had sixteen number one songs.CThe Beatles existed for more than 20 years.DSam Philips made Elvis Presley fam
5、ous in order to make money.答案：13.DCDFrom the blues to popEarly jazzToday I will take a brief look at how Western music progressed from the blues to pop. Modern pop music has its roots in the folk songs of black Americans held in slavery. During the late part of the 19th century, black musicians used
6、 these folk songs to create a kind of music called the blues, because it had a tendency to be very sad. While the blues was popular， as a musical format it lacked variety and was too sad and slow to dance to. Thus, from the blues, there sprung up a faster, livelier kind of music called jazz.Louis Ar
7、mstrong, a black trumpet player and singer, was one of the fathers of jazz. Unlike most musicians who played the music as it was written, he would change the music as he was playing it to reflect his feelings at the time. Other musicians began to copy his style and the liberty he brought to his musi
8、c. The ability to adapt the music while it is being played is one of the major characteristics of jazz.blues bluz n. 布鲁斯音乐，蓝调progress v. 进展，进步，发展root rut n. 起源，起因；根，根茎have its roots in 起源于slavery sleIvrI n. 奴隶身份；奴隶制过去分词短语held in slavery作后置定语，修饰black Americans。tendency tendnsI n. 倾向，偏好；趋势，趋向have a te
9、ndency to do sth. 有做某事的趋势While the blues. 是while引导的让步状语从句。formatfmt n. 形式；格式；版式lack v. 缺少，缺乏too.to. 太而不能dance to 伴着跳舞(to用作介词)spring up 突然兴起，迅速出现trumpet trmpIt n. 小号；喇叭liberty lIbtI n. 自由he brought to his music 是一个定语从句，修饰liberty，在从句中作宾语的关系代词which/that省略了。while 引导时间状语从句，while表示“正当时候”。从蓝调音乐到流行乐早期爵士乐今天我
10、将简要地回顾一下西方音乐是如何从蓝调音乐发展到流行乐的。现代流行音乐起源于奴隶制时期美国黑人的民歌。在19世纪晚期，黑人音乐家们根据这些民歌创造了一种被称作蓝调音乐(又译布鲁斯)的音乐形式，因为这种音乐有忧伤的趋势。尽管蓝调音乐非常受欢迎，但作为一种音乐形式，它缺少变化，而且太伤感、节奏太慢，不适合跳舞时伴奏。于是，从蓝调音乐中发展出一种节奏更轻快、更活泼的音乐形式，叫做爵士乐。黑人小号手及歌手路易斯阿姆斯特朗是爵士乐的创始人之一。与其他大部分按照写好的乐谱演奏的音乐家不同，他会在演奏时即兴改变原来的曲子，以反映他演奏时的心情。其他的乐手开始模仿他的风格以及他赋予音乐的自由。在演奏时可以即兴改
11、编音乐成为爵士乐的主要特征之一。From R & B to rock and rollFrom the early 1930s to the early 1950s, traditional jazz went into a gradual decline， and was replaced by a new musical trend known as rhythm and blues， or R & B. R & B was thenand nowoften thought of as a form of AfricanAmerican music. It combined the fas
12、t pace of many kinds of jazz with the older blues sound. During the early 1950s, one particular style of R & B became popularrock and roll. One of the first rock and roll musicians was Big Joe Turner. He was a black American singer who had started out performing jazz in the 1920s, and then turned to
13、 R & B in the 1940s. In 1954, he recorded one of the very first rock and roll songs, Shake, Rattle and Rollrock and roll n. 摇滚乐gradualrdl adj. 逐渐的，逐步的；平缓的，不陡的decline dIklaIn n. 衰落，衰败；减少；下降vi. & vt. 衰落；下降；婉言谢绝go to a decline 走向衰落trend trend n趋势，动向rhythm rIm n. 节奏，韵律；节律，有规则的变化rhythm and blues n. (abbr
14、.R& B) 节奏布鲁斯；节奏蓝调rattle rtl vi. & vt. (使)发出咔嗒咔嗒的声音；使紧张或恐惧从节奏蓝调到摇滚乐从20世纪30年代早期到20世纪50年代早期，传统的爵士乐渐渐没落了，被一种叫做节奏蓝调(节奏布鲁斯摇摆乐)或R & B的新音乐趋势所取代。R & B在当时以及现在常常被认为是一种美国黑人音乐的形式。它把多种爵士乐的明快节奏与传统的蓝调音乐融合起来。在20世纪50年代早期，一种特定风格的R & B开始流行摇滚乐。第一代摇滚乐乐手之一就是胖子乔特纳。他是一名美国黑人歌手，20世纪20年代开始演奏爵士乐，到20世纪40年代转向表演R & B。1954年，他录制了最原始
15、的摇滚乐曲之一晃动、吵闹和摇滚。This became a hit on the R & B charts, and then was recorded by Bill Haley and the Comets, a white band, and became a hit on the pop charts. Bill Haley and the Comets then recorded Rock Around the Clock， which became the number one hit of 1955. Rock Around the Clock caused rock music to be recognized as its own, sep
