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1、状语从句考点一 时间状语从句1表示时间的状语从句可以由when，whenever，as，while，before，until，ever since ，as soon as等词引导。Dont be afraid of asking your teachers for help when it is needed.如有需要，不要害怕向老师问问题。Please write it down before you forget it.趁你现在还没忘把它记下来。Tom was about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird
2、.(2010年高考大纲全国卷)汤姆正要关上窗户，就在这时一只鸟引起了他的注意。【温馨提示】when可表原因，意为“既然”。How can you expect to learn anything when you never listen?既然你什么也听不下去你怎么期望学东西呢？2as soon as，immediately，directly，instantly，the moment，the minute，the instant，no sooner.than.，hardly/scarcely.when.和once(一就)这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为
3、“一就”。从句中用一般时态代替将来时态。The moment I heard the voice, I knew father was coming.我一听到那个声音，我就知道父亲来了。No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.我们刚到车站，火车就离站了。The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.那男孩一见到他妈妈便放声大哭。My sister came directly she got my short message.我姐姐一收到我的短信就来了。
4、3no sooner.than和hardly.when引导的从句表示“刚就”。主句中的动词一般用过去完成时，从句用过去时。若把no sooner, hardly提到句首，主句须倒装。No sooner had he sat down than the phone rang.他刚坐下，电话铃就响了。 Hardly had the game begun when it started to rain.比赛刚刚开始，天就开始下起雨来。考点二 条件状语从句 1通常由if，unless如果不，除非，as(so)long as 只要，in case(that)“结果，万一”等连词引导。In case an
5、ything important happens，please call me up.万一发生了什么重要事情，请打电话给我。My parents dont mind what job I do as long as I am happy.我父母不在乎我从事什么样的工作，只要我高兴就好。2由on condition(that)；provided(that)；providing(that)(假若；倘使)；supposing(that)等引导的条件状语从句。You can go swimming on condition that you dont get too far from the rive
6、r bank.只有不离河岸太远你才能下去游泳。Supposing it rains tomorrow，what shall we do?假设明天下雨我们做什么？考点三 地点状语从句 1通常由连词where和wherever引导，从句可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后。The little girl who got lost decided to remain where she was and wait for her mother.那个迷路的小女孩决定待在原地等她母亲。Keep in touch with your family members wherever you are in the
7、world.不管你在世界上的什么地方，都要跟家人保持联系。2地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。Where theres a will，theres a way.有志者事竟成。Where(ver)theres plenty of sun and rain，the fields are green.哪里阳光雨水充足，哪里的田野就绿油油。考点四 让步状语从句 1.由although，though，as引导的状语从句although和though同义，用法基本相同。前者较正式，多置于句首；后者较通俗、口语化。Although the police thought he was the most
8、likely one，since they had no exact proof about it ，they could not arrest him.尽管警察认为他是最有可能的一个，由于没有确凿的证据，他们就不能拘留他。【温馨提示】as引导的让步状语从句多用于书面语，语序要倒装。Difficult as the task was，they managed to finish it in time.虽然这项任务很难，他们还是设法及时完成了。Child as he is ，he knows a lot.尽管他是个孩子，但是他知道得很多。2even if ，even though表示“即使，纵然
9、”，有退一步设想的意味，多用于书面语中。Ill do it，even if it takes me all the afternoon.我要做这件事，即使它将花去我整个下午的时间。3whether(.or)引导让步状语从句，提供两个或两个以上的假设。Whether I go alone or he goes with me，the result will be the same.我自己走还是他跟我一起走结果都是相同的。4由疑问词ever引导让步状语从句。Whenever you call on me，you are always welcome.不管何时你来看我，我都欢迎。考点五 原因状语从句
10、 原因状语从句常用because，since，as, for引导，还可用seeing that (既然)，now that (既然)，considering that.(考虑到)，in that (因为)，not that.but that(不是因为而是因为)等引导。Now that theyve got to know each other a little better，they get along just fine.由于彼此之间有了进一步了解，他们相处的不错。John did quite well in his exams considering how little he studi
11、ed.考虑到约翰才学了那么一点点，他考得已经很不错了。考点六 结果状语从句 结果状语从句由so that ，so.that，such that，such.that等词引导。I havent seen Ann for such long that Ive forgotten what she looks like.我有很长时间没见着安了，我已忘记她长什么样了。She worked hard so that everything would be ready in time.她努力工作，为的是一切能够及时就序。语法训练1 .(2011年高考辽宁卷)He had no sooner finished
12、 his speech_the students started cheering.Asince BasCwhen Dthan解析：本题考查固定句式。句意：他刚做完演讲，学生们就开始欢呼起来。no sooner往往与than连用，意为：一就。故答案为D项。答案：D2(2011年高考四川卷)As is reported，it is 100 years_Qinghua University was founded.Awhen BbeforeCafter Dsince解析：考查状语从句。句意：据报道，自从清华大学成立已经有100年了。这里用句式“It be一段时间since引导的状语从句”表示“自从
13、(到现在)有多长时间了”。答案：D3(2011年高考山东卷)He had his camera ready_he saw something that would make a good picture.Aeven if Bif onlyCin case Dso that解析：句意：他准备好了照相机，以便他看到好的画面就随时能够拍下来。本题考查状语从句。A项意为“尽管，即使”；B项意为“只要”；C项意为“以防，万一”；D项意为“为了”。答案：C4(2011年高考浙江卷)One Friday，we were packing to leave for a weekend away_my daugh
14、ter heard cries for help.Aafter BwhileCsince Dwhen解析：句意：一个周五，我们正在打包要出去度周末，这时我女儿听到有人求救的声音。本句考查“be doing.when.(正在做这时)”这一结构，在本结构中，when是并列连词，表示“这时”的意思，相当于and at that time。答案：D5(2011年高考辽宁卷)No matter how_，it is not necessarily lifeless.Aa desert may be dryBdry a desert may beCmay a desert be dryDdry may a
15、 desert be解析：本题考查让步状语从句。句意：无论沙漠可能会多么干燥，那里也未必没有生命。“no matter how形容词/副词主语谓语”构成让步状语从句。四个选项中只有B项符合要求。答案：B6(2011年安阳质量调研)Having checked everything，he sat down to do his homework，_he heard a lightening strike the electricity pole in the backyard.Afor BwhenCor Dbut解析：考查连词。句意：检查了所有的东西之后，他坐下来开始写作业，这时他听到闪电击中了后院的电线杆的声音。此处用when表示“这时”。答案：B7If you are traveling_the customs are rea
