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1、 名词性从句 Nounclauses 我的梦想是我能进入一所重点大学 MydreamisthatIcanenterakeyuniversity 我能进入一所重点大学是我的梦想 ThatIcanenterakeyuniversityismydream IhaveadreamthatIcanenterakeyuniversity 我有一个梦想我能进入一所重点大学 我总是梦想着我能进入一所重点大学 IalwaysdreamthatIcanenterakeyuniversity 定义 在句子中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句 作用 在复合句中作宾语 表语 主语和同位语 因此 名词性从句又可分为宾语从句 表语
2、从句 主语从句和同位语从句 请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句 WhatIwanttodoistakingabath Thenewsthattheywonthegamespreadthewholeschool Idon tthinkheisanhonestboy Thefactisthathestolethecar Doyouknowthefactthathestolethecar Itissaidthattheywonthegame 主从 同位语从句 宾从 表从 同位语从句 主从 一 宾语从句 1 作动词的宾语 1 引导词that可省略 Ihear that hewillgotoShanghai
3、tomorrow 2 由what whether if 引导 Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou Iwonderwhetheryoucanchangethisnoteforme 3 动词 间接宾语 宾语从句 Shetoldmethatshewouldacceptmyinvitation 2 作介词的宾语 Oursuccessdependsuponhowwellwecancooperatewithoneanother 3 It作为形式宾语 Hehasmadeitclearthathewillnotgivein 1 动词如make find think feel conside
4、r believe等后面有宾补时 可用结构make find等 it 宾补 adj n 宾语从句 Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofboi ledwatereveryday 2 有些表示好恶的动词及动词短语后 如enjoy like love appreciate dislike hate can thelp seeto dependon 即这些动词及动词短语后面的宾语从句前要加it Ihateitwhentheyspeakwiththeirmouthsfulloffood Iwouldappreciateitifyouhelpedme Seetoittha
5、tchildrendon tcatchcold 宾语从句的引导词 1 连词 that if whether 2 连接代词 who whose what which 3 连接副词 when where how why Shetoldmethatshewouldacceptmyinvitation Iwonderwhetheryoucanchangethisnoteforme Idon tknowifhewillattendtheparty Idon tknowwhoknockedatthedoor Doyouknowwhosecaritis Canyoutellmewhattheyaredoin
6、g Idon tknowwhichschoolshestudiesin Pleasetellmewhenthetrainarrives Couldyoutellmewhereyouarefrom LetmetellyouhowmuchIspentonthecar Peterknewwhyhisfatherwassoangry 主句的谓语动词为think consider suppose believe expect guess imagine等 其后的宾语从句若含有否定词not 一般要把否定词not转移到主句谓语上 从句谓语用肯定 1 否定的转移 Idon tthinkthisdressfit
7、syouwell 宾语从句的注意事项 2 that不能省略的情况 1 that引导动词后的宾语从句时 可省略 但如果宾语从句是并列句时 引导第二个分句的that不可省略 Hesaid that hewaslateforschoolagainandthattheteacherwouldpunishhim 2 that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时 Iknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisfromthesouth 3 宾语从句的时态 1 主句用过去时 且从句中有具体的时间状语则用过去式 如从句表示客观真理 可用现在时 Hesaidhewasbornin1980 Yester
8、dayTomsaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun 2 主句为现在时时 从句可根据需要选用各种时态 IthinkthattheGreen shaveleftforHawaii Iwanttoknowif whetherhewillgosurfingthisafternoon 3 以下动词后加宾语从句 从句需用should do should可以省的虚拟语气 一个坚持insist 两个命令order command三个建议suggest propose advise四个要求demand require request desire Itwassuggestedthatmo
9、reteachersshouldbesenttheretohelpthem Tominsistedthathisleadershipberecognizedbyalltheboys 练习 用whose whom what how that填空 1 Ithink hewillbeallrightinafewdays 2 Doyouknow theyarewaitingfor 3 Heasked dictionaryitwas 4 Pleasepayattentionto theteachersaid 5 Canyoutellme Icangettotherailwaystation that w
10、hom whose what how 二 表语从句 表语从句放在系动词之后 一般结构是 主语 连系动词 表语从句 1 由that引导 that不作成分 只起连接作用 且that不可以省略 Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame ThetroubleisthatIhavelosthisaddress 2 由whether引导表示不确定 由because引导表示原因 Thepointiswhetherweshouldlendhimthemoney ItisbecauseIhaveeverheardofthestory 3 what which who whom whose等连
11、接代词及when where how why等连接副词既引导句子又充当一定的句子成分 Theproblemiswhowecangettoreplaceher Thequestionishowhedidit Thatwaswhatshedidthismorningonreachingtheattic 4 asif常与look seem sound等连系动词连用 Shelooksasifshewouldcry 5 在一些表示 建议 劝说 命令 的名词后的表语从句中 谓语动词用虚拟语气 Mysuggestionisthatwe should startearlytomorrow 经典试题 1 Wec
12、annotfigureout quiteanumberofinsects birds andanimalsaredyingout A thatB asC whyD when2 Amoderncityhasbeensetupin wasawastelandtenyearsago A whatB whichC thatD where3 Parentsaretaughttounderstand importanteducationistotheirchildren sfuture A thatB howC suchD so4 Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal
13、 andthisis Idisagree A whyB whereC whatD how C A B B 5 IthinkFatherwouldliketoknow I vebeenuptosofar soIdecidetosendhimaquicknote A whichB whyC whatD how6 Theroadiscoveredwithsnow Ican tunderstand theyinsistongoingbymotorbike A whyB whetherC whenD how7 Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday sgame Oh that
14、 s A whatmakesmefeelexcitedB whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC howIfeelaboutitD whenIfeelexcited8 PeoplehaveheardwhatthePresidenthassaid theyarewaitingtosee hewilldo A howB thatC whenD what C A A D 9 Ithinkit sgoingtobeabigproblem Yes itcouldbe Iwonder wecandoaboutit A ifB howC whatD that10 Perseveranceisa
15、kindofquality andthat s ittakestodoanythingwell A whatB thatC whichD why11 Ireallydon tknow Ihadthisphototaken A whereitwasthatB itwasthatC whereitwasD itwaswhy C A A 12 Nevertake forgrantedthatIwillhelpyou Betterdependonyourself A thatB itC whichD this13 Itlooks heisunhappytoday A thatB ifC asifD w
16、hether14 ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddo Icantosavethem A whateverB thatC whichD whichever15 Theoldwomanwasshockedby hadhappenedtoherdaughter A whomB whichC thatD what B C A D 三 主语从句 主语从句通常放在主句谓语动词之前 如Whowillwinthegameisunknown 1 it作形式主语的四个主要句型 1 It be 名词词组 nowonder anhonor agoodthing apity nosurprise etc that从句 It sapitythatwecan tgo It snosurprisethatourteamshouldhavewonthegame 或由形式主语it代替 而本身放在句子末尾 2 It be 形容词 obvious true natural surprising good wonderful funny possible likely certain pr
