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1、Grammar TheRelativeClause定语从句 定语从句的基本概念1 定语从句是整个句子充当定语 来修饰名词或代词 被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词 定语从句一般紧跟先行词 定从一般用关系代词或关系副词引导 关系词在含义上替代先行词 并在定语从句中充当一个成分 定语从句的基本概念2 Themanwhocametoseemethismorningismycousin 今天早晨来看我的人是我表弟 先行词 定语从句 关系代词作主语 不可省 定语从句的基本概念3 关系代词 代人 who 主语 宾语 whom 宾语 代物 which 主语 宾语 代人或物 that 主语 宾语 Whose某人的
2、某物的 先行词的所有格 关系代词在从句中做主语 不能省略 做宾语 可以省略 定语从句的基本概念4 关系副词 Where表示地点 在定从中作地点状语 When表示时间 在定从中作时间状语 Why表示原因 在定从中作原因状语 关系代词whichwho whomthat关系副词whenwherewhy 诀窍 先找定语从句所修饰的先行词 再判断定从里缺少成分吗 如缺成分 缺的是什么成分 主语还是宾语 1 Doyouknowthelady gaveusaspeechlastweek who that 2 Thebook costme1 200yuanisanencyclopaedia which tha
3、t 3 Heisaman weshouldlearnfrom whom who that 4 Thatistheplace Iwasborn where 5 I llneverforgettheday shesaidgoodbye when 6 Thatisthereason Iamnotinfavoroftheplan why 7 Icannotforgetthedays wespenttogether that which 8 Icannotforgetthedays weweretogether when 9 Iknowtheforest youcanfindwildstrawberri
4、es where 10 Iknowtheforest youcanfindwildstrawberriesin which Iknowtheforestinwhichyoucanfindwildstrawberries 11 Thatwasnotthereason hegavetheotherday that which 12 Thisisthereason mayexplainhisabsence that which 13 Haveyouseenthemovie wearetalkingabout which that Haveyouseenthemovieabout wearetalki
5、ng which 介词一旦提前 宾语不能省略 14 Isshetheteacher yourparentsoncetalkedto who whom that Isshetheteacherto yourparentsoncetalked whom 15 Thetool heisworkingwithiscalledatinopener which that Thetoolwith heisworkingiscalledatin opener which 16 Thegiftwassentbyherson isservinginthearmy who that 17 Thegiftwassen
6、tbyherson whoisservinginthearmy 16 限制性定从 限定作用 17 非限制性定从 补充修饰作用 18 Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass homesareinPudongnewarea whose 19 Theyhaveinvitedustovisittheirschool whichisverykindofthem 非限制性定从中的which还可以指代前面一句话 20 Theroadwaswidened whichwasexactlywhatwewanted TrueorFalse Pleaserefertoyourhandou
7、ts 只用that 不能用which的5种情况 A 当先行词是不定代词时 anything everything nothing all little 1 Doyouhaveanythingthatyoudon tunderstand 2 Everythingthatcanbedonehasbeendone 3 I mnotinterestedinallthathetoldme I mnotinterestedinwhathetoldme 宾从 B 当先行词被最高级形容词所修饰时 1 ThisisthehighestbuildingthatIhaveeverseen 2 Doyouthinkt
8、hisisthemostpowerfulcomputerthathaseverbeeninvented C 当先行词被序数词修饰时1 Thesecondquestionthatwasdiscussedatthemeetingwasthemostimportant 2 Thisisthelastbookthatisonmyreadinglist D 当先行词被all no only any very just much等词修饰时ThisistheverybookthatI vebeenlookingfor ThisistheonlyexamplethatIcangiveyou E 当先行词由人和
9、物共同组成Herearethepeopleandthebooksthat OIlove 不能用that的两种情况 A 在非限制性定语从句中1 We vecollectedmanystamps whichareallverynice 2 ThisnotewasleftbyMr Wu whowashereamomentago B 在介词后面1 Thisiscountrytowhichhewantstogo 2 Atourschool thereareabout200foreignstudents mostofwhomarefromEurope AS As也是关系代词 用于1 Such as 和th
10、esame as 结构中Iwanttobuysuchaskirtasyouarewearing Iwanttobuythesameskirtasyouarewearing 比较 Iwanttobuythesameskirtthatyouarewearing AS 2 或在非限制性定语从句中表示前面整个句子 Shehasdoneagoodjob asweallknow Asweallknow shehasdoneagoodjob Way做先行词 Way做先行词 表示方式方法 定语从句中 可以用1 inwhich2 that3 O Way做先行词 1 WallanceandDarwinagreed
11、onthewayinwhichdifferentformsoflifehadbegun 2 Thewayinwhichthesecomradeslookatproblemsiswrong 3 Thewaythatthesecomradeslookatproblemsiswrong Way做先行词 4 Thewaythesecomradeslookatproblemsiswrong 5 Musiciansrarelyagreeonthewayapieceofmusicshouldbeplayed CLASSICALQUESTIONS 1 Theoldwomanhastwosons oneof i
12、saprofessor 2 Theoldwomanhastwosons andoneof isaprofessor 1 whom 2 them CLASSICALQUESTIONS 3 Doyouknowwhyhewasabsent 宾从 4 Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewasabsent 定从 5 Doyouknowthereasonwhich that mayexplainhisabsence 定语从句 以上三句含义相同 句式不同 CLASSICALQUESTIONS 6 Thereasonthatyouwereillyesterdayisnotaccepted 你昨天生
13、病的原因没有被接受 这是一句 同位语 从句的句子 reason 与 youwereillyesterday 表达的是同等意思 因此关系词不能用 which 只能用 that CLASSICALQUESTIONS 7 Thenewsthatourteamwonthegamemadeusexcited 我们队赢的消息使我们激动 同位语从句 8 Thenewswhich that Iheardthroughtheradioisexciting 我从广播中听到的消息令人激动 定语从句 CLASSICALQUESTIONS 9 定语从句中的插入语Hemadeaspeech whichIthoughtwa
14、sofgreatimportance Jimmyistheboy whoeverybodybelieveswillwinthefirstprizeinthesingingcompetition CLASSICALQUESTIONS 在上述句子中 Ithought everybodybelieves是插入语 还有Isuppose everybodyknows等在定语从句中出现 容易受其迷惑而用错关系词 比如在上述第二句中就不能用 whom 因为 who 是从句的主语 而 everybodybelieves 是插入语 因此在有插入语的定语从句中 考虑用什么关系代词或副词时 可暂时不考虑插入语 以免受其迷惑 TheEnd 大结局 谢谢观赏
