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1、 1 重庆市渝中区重庆市渝中区 20162016 高考英语短文阅读类暑假选练 高考英语短文阅读类暑假选练 2 2 重庆市南开中学 2014 高考英语二诊考试 请阅读下列短文 从每篇短文后所给各题的 A B C D 四个选项中 选出最佳选项 Why do we laugh and get amusement from so many different things from puns 双关语 to pratfalls Why are some things funny to some people and not to others How is that while a successful
2、 joke can cause pleasure a sick one can cause serious harm Over the centuries various scholars have attempted to produce a universally agreed upon theory of humor Plato and Aristotle introduced the superiority 优越 感 theory the idea that people laugh at the misfortune of others Their theory seems to e
3、xplain teasing but it doesn t work well for knock knock jokes Sigmund Freud argued for his relief theory the concept that humor is a way for people to release psychological tension and reveal their inner fears and desires His theory works well for dirty jokes less well for most puns The majority of
4、humor expels today agree with the incongruity theory the idea that humor arises when there s a gap between what people expect to happen and what actually happens Incongruity has a lot going for it jokes with unexpected funny lines for example fit well But scientists have found that in comedy unexpec
5、tedness is overvalued With the goal of developing a new more satisfactory explanation I produced the gentle violation 违背 theory the idea that humor arises when something seems wrong or threatening but is actually OK or safe A dirty joke for example trades on moral or social violations but it s only
6、going to get a laugh if the person listening is open enough to consider the subject OK to talk about Similarly puns can be seen as linguistic violations that still make grammatical sense And while most humor theories have struggled to account for tickling 挠痒痒 or just avoided the phenomenon altogethe
7、r my theory accounts for even this kind of laughter Tickling involves violating someone s physical space in a gentle 2 way People can t tickle themselves because it isn t a violation 52 What is the author s attitude towards Plato and Aristotle s theory A Critical B ApprovingC uncaringD Unclear 53 Ac
8、cording to Sigmund Freud s theory we can infer that A people will laugh when they see others suffer B telling dirty jokes is a relief of one s nervous feelings C unexpectedness can explain how humor works D tickling doesn t involve psychological tension 54 According to the author why are some things
9、 funny to some people but not to others A Because the sense of humor varies greatly from person to person B Because people have different expectations for the same thing C Because some people lack the sense of safety deep in their heart D Because people s understanding of violation is different 55 W
10、hat is the author s main purpose of writing this passage A To draw people s attention to the research of humor B To criticize people s misconceptions about humor C To explain what exactly causes people to laugh D To prove the sense of humor can be developed 参考答案 52 55 ABDC 2015 高考复习 阅读理解 One City On
11、e Book is a generic name 通称 for a community reading program that attempts to get everyone in a city to read and discuss the same book Popular book picks have been Harper Lee s To Kill a Mockingbird Ernest Gaines s A Lesson Before Dying and Ray Bradbury s Fahrenheit 451 One City One Book programs tak
12、e the idea of a localized book discussion club and expand it to cover a whole city The first such program was If All of Seattle Read the Same Book in 1998 started by Nancy Pearl at Seattle Public Library s Washington Center for the Book The book chosen for the program was The 3 Sweet Hereafter by Ru
13、ssell Banks written in 1991 Other cities copied the idea and the Library of Congress listed 404 programs occurring in 2007 Each city s program has its own goals these typically include building a sense of community and promoting literacy Nancy Pearl warns against expecting too much from a program Ke
14、ep in mind that this is a library program it s not an exercise in civics and that it s not intended to have literature cure the racial divide This is about a work of literature Programs typically involve more than having everyone read the same book Some other activities that have been included are b
15、ook discussion sessions scholarly lectures on the book or related topics a visit by the author exhibits related arts programming especially showing a movie of the book if there is one and integration into school curricula In Boston the One City One Story program used shorter stories and distributed
16、tens of thousands of free copies of the story over the course of a month American Library Association puts out a detailed step by step guide on how to organize a local program including the critical step of picking the one book The Center for the Book at the Library of Congress tracks all known programs and the books they have used 语篇解读 本文是说明文 介绍了美国开展的 一个城市 一本书 的读书活动 4 One City One Book programs A ask everyone in a city to donate one book B can rid a city of racial divide through reading C choos
