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1、模块十Unit4单词精讲Part I (Reading)1. hatred解析 hatred 名词 意为 “憎恨; 仇恨; 憎恶; 恶意”由动词hate变化而来。如:He looked at me with hatred in his eyes. 他以憎恨的眼光望着我。相关习语:have a hatred for/of 憎恶. in hatred of 憎恨She has a profound hatred of fascism. 她对法西斯主义怀有深仇大恨.2. lastly解析 lastly 副词 意为 “最后一点; 最后” 如:Lastly, were going to visit At
2、hens, and fly home from there.最后我们将访问雅典, 然后从那儿乘飞机回国.注意:last也可以充当副词 意为: “上次, 最近”I saw him last in New York. 我上次见到他是在纽约。3. identify解析identify 主要是及物动词 有以下三个意思:(1)确认;识别;鉴定,验明(+as)I cannot identify this signature. 我识别不出这是谁的签字。(2) 视.(与.)为同一事物(+with)Never identify wealth with happiness. 千万不要把财富和幸福等同起来。不及物动
3、词意思为:“ (与.)认同;一致;感同身受(+with)”I identified with the heroine of the novel.我与小说中的那个女主人公感同身受。3. accuracy解析accuracy 名词 意为:“精确, 准确”(尤指用心的结果) 如:It is impossible to say with any (degree of) accuracy how many are affected.无论如何也说不准受影响的有多少。形容词为:accurate4.annually解析annually 副词 意为:“每年;每年一次”They celebrate their w
4、edding anniversary annually.他们每年庆祝一番结婚纪念日。annual 既是形容词又是名词annual report 年度报告 annual ring 【植】年轮名词:“年刊, 年报, 年鉴, 年金, 年税”4. regarding解析regarding 介词 意为:“关于(某人/某事物);” 如:I wrote a letter regarding/as regards my daughters school examinations.我写了一封关于我女儿学校考试的信。其同义词:as regards / concerning / overPart II (Gramm
5、ar and usage)1. spy解析 spy作及物动词,不及物动词和名词 spies (第三人称单数) spied (过去式、过去分词) spying (现在分词)及物动词:(1) 暗中监视;侦察出He sent out a party to spy the enemy. 他派出一个小分队暗中监视敌人的行动。(2) 察觉,发现(复合宾语)We spied a stranger hanging around the corner. 我们发现一位陌生人在拐角处闲荡。不及物动词:当间谍;暗中监视;刺探(+on/upon/into)We spied on the man. 我们监视那个人。名词:
6、间谍;密探可数名词She liked the adventures of a spy. 她喜欢间谍的冒险。Part IV (Project)1. similarly解析 similarly 副词 有以下两层意思:(1) 相似地; 类似地:The two boys dress similarly. 两个小男孩穿得差不多一样。(2) 也; 同样:She was late and I similarly was delayed. 她迟到了, 我也晚了。similar 形容词 “相像的,相仿的,类似的(+to)” 如:His problem is similar to yours. 他的问题和你的相似
7、。similarity 名词(1)类似;相似不可数The similarity between the two reports suggests that one person wrote both.那两个报告极其相似,这意味着它们出自一人的手笔。(2)相似点;类似点可数Bees and wasps both sting, but they have other similarities too.蜜蜂和黄蜂都刺人,但它们还有其他相似之处。2. strait解析strait 名词 常以复数表示单数意义, 尤其用于专有名称(1) 海峡; (联接两大水域之间的)狭窄水道 如:the Straits
8、of Gibraltar 直布罗陀海峡 the Magellan Straits 麦哲伦海峡.(2) 困难; 陷于(恶劣的极度的/严重的)财务困境中(常用复数)She has been in great straits (financially) since her husband died.自从她丈夫去世, 她(在经济方面)一直处于困境。3. aboard解析 aboard a-=on 在上+board 木板 有以下两种词性:副词:在船(或飞机,车)上;上船(或飞机,车)All passengers aboard fell into the river. 船上所有乘客皆落入河中。介词:在(船
9、,飞机,车)上;进入,上(船,飞机,车)They were the last two to go aboard the ship. 他们是最后两位上船的。介词短语on board = aboardWe went on board the ship. 我们登上了轮船。(做状语)Everybody on board was worried and we were curious to find out what had happened.飞机上的人都很着急,而且我们急于想了解出了什么事。(做后置定语)注意:aboard abroad (adv.往国外, 到处, 海外)4. apology解析 ap
10、ology 可数名词(1) 道歉;赔罪(+to/for)I make an apology to you for my rudeness last night. 昨天晚上我太粗暴,应该向你道歉。(2) 辩解,辩护Her open letter was really an apology for her way of life.她的公开信实际上是对她生活方式的辩护。动词用法:apologize to sb.for (doing)sth. (因而向某人道歉)He apologized to her for not going to her party.他因没有出席她举行的宴会而向她表示歉意。5.
11、alone解析alone形容词(作表语、后置定语):(1)单独的,独自的She watches TV when she is alone. 独自一人时,她便看电视。(2) 只有,仅;单单The rent alone is $300. 单房租就三百元。副词 (状语):(1) 单独地For years Mary lived alone in New York. 玛丽孤身一人在纽约生活了好几年。(2) 独自地I can do it alone. 我可以独自办理此事。模块十 Unit 2 词组精讲Part I (Reading)1. relate to解析 relate to = relate wit
12、h(1)有关To what events did your remarks relate? 你的话指的是什么事?(2)使联系; 显示出.与.的关系(to , with) 及物动词I cant relate what he does with to what he says. 我没法把他做的和说的联系起来。(3)使有亲戚关系 常用被动语态They are related to each other. 他们彼此之间有亲戚关系。2. break into解析 break into 有以下四层意思:如:(1) 强行进入某处:His house was broken into (e. g by burg
13、lars) last week. 上星期有人闯入他的房屋(如窃贼)。(2) 突然开始(大笑、唱歌、欢呼等):As the Presidents car arrived, the crowd broke into loud applause. 总统的汽车到达时, 群众中爆发出热烈的掌声。(3) 突然改变(由慢到快):The man broke into a run when he saw the police. 那人一见到警察, 拔腿就跑。(4)(指活动)用去(应做其他事情的时间):All this extra work Im doing is breaking into my leisure
14、time. 我目前的这一切额外工作用去了我的闲暇时间.3. keep up解析 keep up分别由四种不同用法: 如:(1)(指雨、 雪、 好天气等)持续不停(及物动词)If this rain keeps up, the garden will be ruined. 如果这雨继续下,花园就完蛋了。(2) 保持;维持(及物动词)The high cost of materials keeps up prices. 材料的昂贵费用使价格居高不下。(3) keep up (with) 跟上(某人某事物); (与某人某事物)同步前进:They walked so fast that I could
15、 not keep up (with them). 他们走得那么快,我没法跟上。注意:keep up with “和.保持联系”She has kept up with some of her friends since her retirement.她退休后一直同一些朋友保持着联系。4. no doubt解析no doubt作副词使用 通常在no doubt后省略there be结构。如:(1)“无疑地;我确信;不容怀疑地”No doubt I will succeed in the end. = There is no doubt I will succeed in the end.我确信我最终会成功。(2)“很可能地”No doubt he was just trying to help, but hes spoiled our wo