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1、2006年高三英语虚拟语气The Subjunctive Mood英语中的三种语气：陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。其中虚拟语气用来表示说话人的一种与事实相反的主观愿望、猜测、建议或假想等。if条件句与主句的动词变化形式：1.If 条件状语从句中的虚拟形式：虚拟语气If条件句主句与现在事实相反动词过去式（若动词为be用were）should/would/could/might+动词原形与过去事实相反had过去分词should/would/could/might+have过去分词与将来事实相反1.动词过去式2.should动词原形3.were to动词原形should/would/could/mi
2、ght+动词原形注意：1）有时虚拟条件不用虚拟条件句表示，而用but for(要不是), without(如果没有),otherwise或or(否则)，或通过上下文来表示。Eg. But for the storm, we would have arrived earlier. Without water, all on the earth could not live.2)if only（要是就好了）Eg. If only I were your brother.2. 主语从句中的虚拟语气：1)Its important/necessary/strange/surprising/natura
3、l/desirable/ect.+that从句(谓语“(should)+V原”)类似用法的形容词还有：essential, possible, impossible, dreadful, funny等Eg. It is important that she (should) cooperate with us. It was unnecessary that they (should) get here so early.2)Its +ordered/advised/ requested/required/desired/suggested + that从句(谓语“(should)+V原”)E
4、g. Its ordered that the classroom(should) be kept in order. It is desired that every student (should) obey the school rules. It is suggested that we (should)start the work at once.3. 宾语从句中的虚拟语气：1)表示“要求”、“建议”、“命令”等意义的动词后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气（即谓语“(should)+V原”)这类动词有：request, order,propose, command, advise, recom
5、mend, demand, suggest, insist等。Eg. He insisted that all of us (should) be there on time by any means. The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class.注意：当insist表示“坚持认为”和suggest表示“表明；暗示”时,其后的宾语从句不用虚拟。Eg. The look on his face suggested that he was quite satisfied with what I ha
6、d done for hi. He insisted that he was honest.2)或过去进行时（be用were）对现在情况的虚拟 wish+that宾语从句(that常省) had过去分词 对过去情况的虚拟 would +V原 对将来的主观愿望eg. I wish I could fly. I wish you would stay a little longer. I wish I had known it before.3)would rather+宾语从句（谓语动词用过去式）Eg. Id rather you didnt make any comment on the is
7、sue for the time being.4. 表语从句：表示“要求”、“建议”、“命令”、“欲望”、“劝告”等动词派生出来的同根名词作主语时，其表语从句要虚拟（即谓语“(should)+V原”），这类名词有：suggestion, proposal,request, advice, decision, requirement等.Eg. The old mans request is that his children (should) give him some money to live on every month. My suggestion is that the old hou
8、ses (should) be pulled down.5. 同位语从句：同位语从句用虚拟语气的情况与表语从句类似。Eg. My wish that a teaching bulding (should) be built here will soon come true. What do you think of Mr Lis proposal that we (should) have a get-together next Friday?6. It is (high) time+that从句（谓语动词常用过去式）Eg. It is time that the child went to
9、bed.7. 注意下列用法：should/ought to have done should not/ought not to have donecould/ might have doneneed not have done8. as if/though从句若情况属实，用陈述语气。否则用虚拟语气。（现在情况：动词用过去式；过去情况：had过去分词It looks as if its going to rain.It looks as if he had finished all his task.9.在if引导的虚拟语气的条件句中，如果谓语动词含有were,或had, should, wou
10、ld等，有时可将if省略，将条件句中were,或had, should, would提到主语之前。Eg. Were I (=If you were) you, I would make more notes. Had you (= If you had) invited us, we would have come.Exercises:1. If my lawyer _ here last Saturday, he _ me from leaving. A. had been; would have prevented B. had been; would prevent C. were; w
11、ould prevent D. were; would have prevented2. _ more attention, the trees could have grown better. A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given 3. He suggested that she _ at once. A. starts B. to start C. should start D. started4. Her expression suggested that she _ angry. A. was B. were C. be D. sh
12、ould be 5. They insisted that he _ present at the meeting. A. was B. were C. be D. should 6. I wish I _ you yesterday. A. seen B. did see C. had seen D. were to see7. - Did you enjoy the film last night? - Yes, but I wish I _ a headache. A. hadnt B. didnt have C. hadnt had D. wouldnt have 8. It is n
13、ecessary that he _ to the hospital at once. A. should send B. be sent C. would be sent D. sent 9. My suggestion is that you _ the party nexst weekend. A. held B. sould hold C. should hold D. could hold10. The leader gave orders that the work _ before May Day. A. finished B. be finished C. to finishe
14、d D. finish.11. Bod _ hard, otherwise he _ in this exam. A. cant have worked; wouldnt have failed B. cant work; wouldnt have failed C. mustnt have worked; wouldnt fail D. must have worked; would fail12. The driver kept his head; or the accident _. A. would happen B. happened C. would have happened D
15、. would be happened13. His failure in the college entrance esam suggested that he _ hard. A. not study B. should not study C. study D. had not studied14. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _ for her. A. had to write it out B. must have written it out C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out 15.- I stayed at a hotel wihile in NewYork. - Oh, did you? Y
