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1、2020考前冲刺英语专题01 书面表达分类指导 一 日 记日记是用来叙述一天生活中发生的有意义事件的文体，特别是那些具有教育意义或值得今后回忆、查阅或参考的事情。日记的素材应是最有趣或最有感受的一些事情。通常用用记叙文或简单的议论文体裁。字数不宜过多。格式：一般是在左上角记上当天的日期(年、月、日)，星期；右上角写上当天的天气情况。下面一行可以写上日记小标题，也可以不写标题。时态：日记记叙的时间，通常是在当天的下午或是晚上，特殊情况下也可以第二天补记。因此，所用的时态多为过去时态。但应灵活掌握；如记叙天气、描写景色，或为了描写生动，议论某事、对话引语等，也可使用现在时。类型：日记可分记事、议论
2、、描写及抒情等。记事型是用英语记述当天自己生活、学习中发生的事情。议论型是对生活中的某一事情或情况、现象谈自己的看法，发表议论。描写型、抒情型，则是对某人物、事物的特征做细致的描述，或针对某事物抒发自己的感情。日记一般按事情发生的先后顺序记述，所以有时需要借助一些表示先后顺序的词语。如：at first, then, later on , afterwards, soon, finally, at last 等。范文April 9th, Sunday FineIt is Sunday today. I didnt get up as early as usual. In the morning
3、 after I finished my homework, I did some washing. Then I called Wu Gang and invited him to see the film “Lion King”. But unfortunately when we got to the cinema at two oclock in the afternoon, we found all the tickets had been sold out. Then we went back to school to play table tennis. After this w
4、hen we were about to go home, we saw our English teacher Ms Liu at the school gate. She told us that we had made great progress in English this term. She suggested that we should do more reading and listening. We promised her that we would take her advice.二 书 信书信格式一般格式英文书信的构成可分为7个部分：信头(Heading)日期(Da
5、te)收信人姓名及地址(Inside Name and Address)称呼(Salutation)信文(Body of the letter)结束语(Complimentary close )署名(Signature)(1)信头(Heading)信头是指发信人的单位名称或地址。一般情况下发信人只需把自己的地址写(打字，手写均可)在信的右上角，离开信纸的顶头约1英寸，占二三行或四行均可，格式如下：齐头式256 West Nanjing StreetNanchang, Jiangxi ProvinceChina 缩进式Henan RoadShanghaiChina注意：写地址的次序与中文不同，应
6、先写门牌号码街道，然后城市和国名。写地址时间书信签名之后，这是很多学生的常见错误。精选范文POBox 2089Beijing, ChinaSep. 7th. 199986 Bright RoadManchesterEngland12 Mar, 1999(3) 收信人姓名及地址(inside Name and Address)写信人的地址和日期写好以后，接着就要写收信人的姓名和地址，一般的事务信件或给较生疏的朋友的信件要写，而在给较熟的朋友的信中则可省去。这一项写在日期下一行的左上角。收信人姓名写一行，收信人地址可分两行或三行写，和写信人的地址一样，上下可取面一般是用逗号，但也有用冒号的。现归纳
7、如下：对父母、兄弟、姐妹等；a. Dear Father,b. My dear Mother,c. Dear Sister,d. Dear Tom, 对亲戚：a. My dear Auntie.b. Dear Cousin,c. My dear Cousin, 对朋友、同学a. My dear friend,b. Dear Mr. Jackson,c. My dear Mr. Jackson, 对未婚女子：a. Dear Miss Luce,b. My dear Miss Luce, 对一般妇女，不论是否结婚：a. Ms.b. Dear Madame, 对已婚生子：a. Dear Mrs. H
8、elen Jackson,b. My dear Mrs. Helen Jackson, 对公司、工厂、学校等：a. Dear Sirs,b. Sirs,c. Gentlemen,(5) 信文(Body of the letter)信文是信件的主体部分，也就是信的内容。正文应在称呼下两行开始。信的开头第一个字母通常和称呼开头第一个词平齐。也有往后退四个或八字个字的。下面介绍一些开头语和结尾语。开头语 相当于中文的“敬启者”。a. I beg to inform you that b. I beg to take this opportunity to inform you that c. I h
9、ave the honor to address you that d. I write in a hurry to inform you that e. I have the pleasure to tell you that f. Im very much delighted to inform you that 相当于中文的“接读某月某日来信，一切知悉”。a. I thank you very much for your letter of May 20th b. Your letter of May 20th has been received with thanks.g. Wishi
10、ng you every success,h. Wishing you a pleasant journey,i. Wishing you a happy New Year,采用介词短语，句末用逗号，不用句号。例如：a. With best regards,b. With kind regards to your family,c. With best wishes to you and yours,d. With best wishes for your success and happiness,e. With best wishes for your success in your ne
11、w field of work,f. With best regards and wishing you all success,g. With warmest regards,h, With best regards to you and your family,i. With the seasons greetings, 采用完整句子：句末用句号。例如：a. We are waiting for your good news.b. I hope to receive your early reply.c. We look forward to your reply at your earl
12、iest convenience.Yours ever,给亲戚朋友的信常用：Love,All my love,Your(ever) loving son/daughter/cousin, etc.Your affectionate nephew,Yours lovingly,Lovingly yours,(7)署名(Signature)下面是署名的例子：个人署名：Yours truly,W. J. Watson公司署名：Yours faithfully,Legend Computer CompanyWang LinSales Manager精选范文 生日贺信Dear Bob,Tomorrow
13、is your birthday. I imagine your family is planning a celebration for you. I write this letter to offer you my heartiest congratulations and best wishes for many returns of the day.With my sincere wishes for your success, 圣诞节及新年贺信Dear Mary and Helen,A Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year to you! All
14、ow me to offer you Season Greetings. May the New Year will bring you a bright and prosperous (繁荣) future.My families who are well and happy, join me in my good wishes.Yours very sincerely,Barbara感谢信 申请信(申请作为研究助理)Dear Sir,Im a graduate student in the Physics Department of Qinghua University.Recently
15、I read that you are hiring an assistant to do research on solar physics. As you can see from my resume (简历)，I have had experience in this field. Im very interested in your project and hope to work with you. My telephone number is 83745102.Thank you for your consideration. I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.道歉信范文256 Weeton roadHong Kong7 th June, 2000Dear David,I am very sorr
