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1、内蒙古赤峰二中2017-2018学年高二英语下学期第二次周考试题（无答案）第一部分：阅读理解 In its early history, Chicago had floods frequently, especially in the spring, making the streets so muddy that people, horses, and carts got stuck. An old joke that was popular at the time went something like this: A man is stuck up to his waist in a m
2、uddy Chicago street. Asked if he needs help, he replies, No, thanks. Ive got a good horse under me.The city planner decided to build an underground drainage (排水) system, but there simply wasnt enough difference between the height of the ground level and the water level. The only two options were to
3、lower the Chicago River or raise the city.An engineer named Ellis Chesbrough convinced me the city that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt. This raised the level of the citys streets by as much as 12 feet.This of course created a new problem: dirt prac
4、tically buried the first floors of every building in Chicago. Building owners were faced with a choice: either change the first floors of their buildings into basements, and the second stories into main floors, or hoist the entire buildings to meet the new street level. Small wood-frame buildings co
5、uld be lifted fairly easily. But what about large, heavy structures like Tremont Hotel, which was a six-story brick building?Thats where George Pullman came in. He had developed some house-moving skills successfully. To lift a big structure like the Tremont Hotel, Pullman would place thousands of ja
6、ckscrews (螺旋千斤顶) beneath the buildings foundation. One man was assigned to operate each section of roughly 10 jackscrews. At Pullmans signal each man turned his jackscrew the same amount at the same time, thereby raising the building slowly and evenly. Astonishingly, the Tremont Hotel stay open duri
7、ng the entire operation, and many of its guests didnt even notice anything was happening. Some people like to say that every problem has a solution. But in Chicagos early history, every engineering solution seemed to create a new problem. Now that Chicagos waste water was draining efficiently into t
8、he Chicago River, the citys next step was to clean the polluted river.1. The author mentions the joke to show _.A horses were fairly useful in ChicagoB Chicagos streets were extremely muddyC Chicago was very dangerous in the springD the Chicago people were particularly humorous2. The city planners w
9、ere convinced by Ellis Chesbrough to_.A. get rid of the street dirtB. lower the Chicago RiverC. fight against heavy floodsD. build the pipes above ground3. The underlined word hoist in Paragraph 4 means _.A change B lift C repair D decorate4. What can we conclude about the moving operation of the Tr
10、emont Hotel?A It went on smoothly as intended.B It interrupted the business of the hotel.C It involved Pullman turning ten jackscrews.D It separated the building from its foundation.5. The passage is mainly about the early Chicagos _.A. popular life styles and their influencesB. environmental disast
11、ers and their causesC. engineering problems and their solutionsD. successful businessmen and their achievementsBEvery scientific field uses the scientific method to conduct experiments. Performing experiments is very important in the field of psychology. Before beginning a study, however, any scient
12、ist who wishes to perform an experiment should be familiar with the steps of the scientific method. 6 Form a hypothesis （假设）. It is an educated guess about what will happen during the study. 7 Coming up with a hypothesis before you start can help guide your experiment. Plan out a study. Planning out
13、 the experiment is essential because the psychologist needs to know if they have time, materials, and testing area prepared beforehand. This step also helps the scientist to determine if they will be performing descriptive or experimental research. The ideal situation is to always perform experiment
14、al research. 8 Descriptive research simply collects data regarding the problem and forms a hypothesis according to the data. Collect data. 9 If the data collected is not recorded and organized, the entire efforts of the study may be wasted. The best way to do this may be to record the proceedings so
15、 that no details are lost. Analyze the data. Once all the data has been collected and organized, it must be analyzed. Using previous research or scientific information about the problem, the psychologist must apply the new data gathered. Publish the information learned. The final step of the scienti
16、fic method in psychology is publishing the results of the study. 10 Most psychological experiments are published in scientific journals.A. It is based on scientific facts, not just opinions.B. Read on to find out how to use the scientific method in psychology.C. Before psychologists start the experiment, they must plan out the steps
