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1、高考知识汇总（四） 2020高考英语知识点概要(必看)masses of该词组意为“大量的”，与lots of 相同，后接可数名词或不可数名词。如：They saved masses of money by improving technology.a mass of意为“一大堆”，“一大片”。“情态动词may/might +完成时”的结构，有以下用法：may/might + have + 过去分词表示推测过去某动作“可能”发生了。如：I cant find my sunglasses, I may/might have left them at therestaurant yesterday
2、.一般来说，may和might两者意思上没什么区别，只是may比might表示的可能性大些。如：He may have heard of it from Jack.He might have heard of it from Jack.在下列情况下，may和might 用法有区别：句子的主要动词是现在时，间接引语中用may/might;句子的主要动词是过去时，间接引语中只用might.如：He says that she may/might have misunderstood him.He said that she might have misunderstood him.might +
3、have + 过去分词，表示对本来可能发生而实际并未发生的动作的感叹或遗憾含有“责备”、“抱怨”之意，而may +完成时无此含义。如：You might have told us earlier.This medicine might have cured your coughmean to do sth.该结构意为“有意要干某事”。如：Im very sorry if I hurt your feelings in fact.I didnt mean to.mend ; repair repair指将受损、故障、用旧之物修理好，如用于修补机械方面的东西多用repair。如：Ask him t
4、o repair my watch/TV set.请他给我修一下手表/电视机。The garage charged forty dollars to repair the car. 修车行修理这辆车收了四十美元。repair还可作“弥补、补偿”讲。如：How can I repair the damage I have caused?我怎样才能弥补我造成的损失？Id like to repair our differences .我想我们应该重归于好。mend指将打破、撕碎或用坏之物修补完整，“缝补衣服”多用mend。如：His clothes need mending.他的衣服该补了。She
5、 mended the broken jar with cement. 她用水泥把破碎的缸补好了。mend 还可意为“改正、纠正、治愈、使恢复健康”等。如：The prisoner is mending his way.囚犯在改过自新。It is never too late to mend.亡羊补牢，犹未为晚。mistake短语归纳 1)用作名词：by mistake由于差错；make mistakes 出错；make no mistake没出错；correct ones mistake改正错误；recognize ones mistake承认错误；make mistake about sb
6、./sth.误会（解）某人/事2)用作动词：mistake ones meaning误解某人的意思；mistake sb./sth.for错当成，误以为是；be mistaken 弄错，错误的。moment短语归纳for a moment 一会儿；in a moment一会儿之后；a few moments alter过一会儿；a moment ago刚才；at any moment随时，立刻；at the moment此刻，现在；at that very moment 就在那时。注意：the moment此结构中，the moment 用作连词，引导一时间状语从句，表示“一就”。相同意思和用
7、法的表达形式还有：the minute, the instant 和the second。如：Telephone me the moment you get the results.The moment the teacher entered the classroom,the students stood up.老师一进教室，学生们就站起来了。应用完成句子你最好不要离开，主席随时会到这里。The chairman will be here_ _ _,so youd better not be off.我稍等一下，他一会儿就到。Just_ _,he will come here_ a mome
8、nt.Key:at,any,moment a, moment,inmore twelve more steps意为“再有12个台阶”We must climb twelve more steps to the top.基数词 + more + n.s.= another + 基数词 + n.s.如：There are 3 more chairs /another 3 chairs for dinner.more and more 越来越 Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的校园变得越来越美丽了。more or less 或多或少；
9、大体上；大约。How far is your family away from here?你家离这里多远？ Ten kilometres ,more or less.大约10公里。The work is more or less finished. 这项工作大体上完成了。no longer 不再。通常置于行为动词之前，动词be之后，偶尔也置于全句的末尾。He no longer lives here.他不住这里了。Dont worry about her. After all she is no longer a child .别为她担心。毕竟她不再是个小孩子了。I shall wait no
10、 longer.我不等了。more than该词组意为“不仅仅是”，“不只是”。如：Flag is more than a piece of cloth. It stands for a state.More than 与one 连用，构成词组more than one 后接单数的名词和动词。如：More than one person is going to lose his job.must + have + 过去分词表示推测过去某动作“一定发生了”。如：They quarrelled quite often and whenever they quarrelled they threw
11、glasscup at each other.They must have broken a lot of glasses.necessary necessary主要用于两种句型：Its necessary for sb. to do sth.某人有必要做某事Its necessary that有必要。注意：that从句中谓语用should + 动词原型，should 可省略。另外：不能使用sb. is necessary to do 结构，因为通常是“某事或做某事有必要”，而非人有必要。误：He is necessary to return home this afternoon. 正：It
12、s necessary for him to return home this afternoon.应用汉译英他有必要改进自己的学习方法。有必要的话，我们可以多雇几个人收庄稼。Key:Its necessary for him to improve his method of study:/Its necessary that the should improve his method of study。If necessary,well employ more men for the harvest.no longer 常可相当于notany longer. not 用来否定谓语, any
13、longer 置于句末。上面的句子可分别改作:He dont live here any longer.Dont worry about her. After all she isnt a child any longer.I shall not wait any longer.注意：no more（相当于notany more）也是“不再”的意思。no longer是把现在的情况和过去对比，时态以现在时为多，有时也用过去时或将来时；no more 指今后如何，通常用将来时态。I can no longer stand it.我再也受不了。I will go there no more.我再也
14、不到那地方去了。美国人有时用起来比较随便。He is no more/no longer ill.他的病好了。另外：涉及数量或程度时要用no more;谈到时间表示once but not now（有一度、曾经那样，但现在不了时），要用no longer.There is no more bread.没有面包了。I no longer support the Conservative Party.我不再支持保守党了。（曾经支持过）no more than:only仅仅；只有。具有感情色彩，强调“少”。与no less than 相对。Not more than:less than;at mos
15、t不到；至多。说明客观事实。与not less than相对。He has no more than 20 yuan.他只有20元钱。（强调钱“少”）He has not more than 20 yuan.他有不到20元钱。（说明客观事实）No less than 50 people attended the meeting.参加会议的人不少于50多个。（强调“多”）Not less than 50 people attended the meeting.参加会议的有50多人。（说明客观事实）注意：no用于比较级之前总含有感情色彩；not用来否定比较级则只说明客观事实。you are no taller than I.你并不比我高。（我们两人都矮）you are not taller than I.你不如我高。This question is no more diffcult than that one.这个问题并水比那个（容易的）问题难。This question is not more diffcult than that one.这个
