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1、河南安阳市2016高考英语阅读理解（二轮）演练题【2016高考训练】阅读理解推理判断题。Expensive perfumes(香水) come in tiny bottles, but many hide a whale-sized secret. To perfect a particular smell, perfume-makers often use an ingredient that comes from sperm whales, called ambergris. But using ambergris, which helps a perfume last longer, i
2、s strongly opposed by many people who think it is wrong to kill whales just so we can sweet, Joerg Bohlmann is neither a perfumer nor a whale expert, Hes a plant biologist at the University of British Columbia in Canada. But his discovery of a new plant gene(基因) might push whales out of the perfume
3、business.The gene comes from fir trees, found throughout North America and commonly used as Christmas trees. The trees produce a chemical that can be used in perfume in place of ambergrisbut with a catch.“Theres a problem that many people wouldnt consider. In the tree, the chemical is mixed with man
4、y others. That makes separation a challenge,” Bohlmann says.”Its like trying to isolate sugar from a biscuit.”This is where science becomes useful. When Bohlmann learned that fir trees produce the ambergris-like chemical, he decided to use his gene know-how to find the instructions for how to make t
5、he ambergris-substitute.Bohlmann found that gene and took it out of the tree cells. Then he did something that might sound strange to someone who doesnt work in genetics: Bohlmann put the gene from the tree into yeast(酵母) cells.Yeast may sound familiar because its used to make things like bread, win
6、e and beer. Biologists like to work tith yeast because it easily adopts new genes and changes its features and behavior. When Bohlmann put the fir tree into the yeast, the yeast started making the same chemical that had seen produced by the tree.Perfumers pay big money for ambergris because it is a
7、fixative, which means it holds a smell in place on a persons body.“Cheap perfumes smell good in the first hour or so and then everything it gone.” explains Bohlmann. “But expensive perfumes are much more stable. Their smell lasts much longer, for hours or even a day after you apply them.”The new che
8、mical, made from the tree genes, can be used as a fixative, too. And using yeast to make it is far cheaper than acquiring ambergris.Bohlmann admits he never thought hed get into the perfume business. But now, he says, producers have been calling to find out how to use his technology in mew perfumes.
9、1. It can be inferred from the passage that if a perfume contains ambergris, .A. Its user probably supports whale huntingB. Its smell will last for about an hourC. There will be a whale symbol on hourD. It is probably very expensive2. The underlined expression “with a catch” in Paragrph 3 means .A.
10、Being difficult to hold B. having a hidden problemC. needing further testing D. being too similar3. According to the passage, why are yeast cells often used in genetic research? A. They can take on the characteristics of other genes B. They can reproduce much faster than other cells. C. They share s
11、ome of the qualities of plant genes. D. Theyre much cheaper to use than ambergris.4. What can we learn about Joerg Bohlmann from the passage? A. He is opposed to whale hunting. B. He made his discovery during Christmas. C. He has worked in the perfume industry for many years. D. He has previously do
12、ne genetic esearch.语篇解读 本文是一篇科普说明文。介绍了一种使香水香味持久的物质龙涎香，因这一物质来自于鲸，所以遭到人们的反对。科学家们发现一些树中的化学物质可以用来取代它，他们利用酵母菌成功制造出了这些化学物质。1. D 推理判断题。 根据第二段第二句以及倒数第三段可知，含有龙涎香的香水价格昂贵，故D项正确。2. B 词义猜测题。根据第四段中“Theres a problem that many people wouldnt consider.” 可知该词组意为”有隐含的问题“， 故选B项正确。3. A 细节理解题。根据第七段第二句可知，由于酵母菌容易吸收其他基因，并将目
13、的基因成功表达出来，故常被用于基因工程研究中，故A项正确。4. D 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句及第三段表达的语境可知，Joerg Bohlmann 已经意识到，这些树中某些基因所产生的和其他物质可以被用于香水中以代替龙涎香，但是这些化学物质和其他物质混合在一起，难以分离，故可以断定，Joerg Bohlmann 曾经做过基因研究，故D项正确。 阅读下列5篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。【2014高考训练】Ashok Gadgil has spent the past three decades helping people in needand he has
14、 no plans to stop .On May 2, Gadgil won the$100000 Lemelson-MIT Award for Global Innovation. Each year，the honor is given to an inventor who has improved the lives of people in developing countries. Gadgils inventions have helped more than 100 million people around the world.Gadgil is a professor an
15、d physicist at the University of California. When hes not teaching，he works to find solutions to global problems such as energy efficiency and water safety. “I chose to focus on problems where my knowledge of science could help，”he saidIn the 1980s he came up with a program to make energy-efficient
16、light bulbs more affordable for people in developing countries. Then in the 1990s，Gadgil designed his first lifesaving invention，UV Waterworks .The device kills deadly disease carrying germs(病菌)from drinking water. It costs just one cent to clean five liters of water .Gadgil was inspired to find an inexpensive solution to the clean water crisi
