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1、M3U3 Back to the past语法部分辅导主谓一致在英语中，谓语动词要与句子主语一致。一般来讲，主语是复数，谓语动词则用非第三人称单数；主语是单数，谓语动词则用第三人称单数。如：(1) All the carpets are made of pure wood.所有的毯子均用纯羊毛做的。(2) Is your companion waiting for you?你的同事在等你吗？1、有些名词作为主语，在形式上为单数，但谓语动词要用非第三人称单数。如：The police are after the thief. 警察在追贼。2.有些名词作为主语，在形式上为复数，但谓语动词要用第三人
2、称单数。如：Maths is my favorite subject.数学是我最喜欢的课程。3.有些名词作为主语，要先判断它们在句子中是单数还是复数，再决定谓语动词是用第三人称单数还是非第三人称单数。如：（1） Is your family a large one?你们家是个大家庭吗？(family 在本句中是单数)。（2）My family get up early on weekdays. 在工作日我家的人起床很早. (family在本句中是复数)。4. 如主语是单数，尽管后面跟有with, together with, as well as, but, like, except等引起的短
3、语，谓语动词通常用第三人称单数形式。如： Nobody but Xiao Li and Xiao Wang was there.只有小李和小王在那里。5.当一个句子有两个主语，而它们又是由eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also连接起来时，谓语通常与最近的主语一致。如：Not only you but also he has been to Cairo.你和他都去过开罗。6. 其它一些用法：neither of, either of及each of 连接的词组作主语时，句子的谓语动词应是第三人称单数形式，但前两个短语在口语中也可用非第三人称单数形式。如：（1
4、）Either of us has learned the new textbook.我们两人都学过这种新教材。（2）Neither of you know(s) the answer.你们俩都不知道这个答案。7.短语more than one + 名词作主语，谓语动词多用第三人称单数形式，但也有非第三人称单数表达的。如：More than one team enter(s) for the relay race.不只是一个队报名参加接力赛。8.在百分数、分数等后面，如果跟可数名词，动词用非第三人称单数；如果跟不可数名词，动词用非第三人称单数形式。如：55 percent of the stu
5、dents are girls in our school. 我校百分之五十五的学生是女生。80 percent of the work has been done.百分之八十的工作已经做好。词组one and a half后面虽是复数名词，谓语动词还是要用第三人称单数形式。如：One and a half aspirins is left in the bottle.瓶里有一片半的阿斯匹林。9.在四则运算中，主语是数词，谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。 如：(1) Two plus two is four二加二是四 (2) Two times two is four二乘二是四 但是用and 连
6、接，谓语动词常用非第三人称单数形式。如：Two and two are four二加二是四。10.如果一个句子由there或here引起，而主语又不只有一个，那么谓语动词的数由第一个主语的单、复数形式决定：如果第一个主语是单数，那么谓语动词则用第三人称单数形式；如果第一个主语是复数，那么谓语动词则用非第三人称单数形式。如：There is a supermarket and many other shops here.这儿有一个超级市场和一些别的商店。11.None 作为主语，谓语动词既可以用单数形式也可以用复数形式。 如：None has/have seen the effect of su
7、ch a sunset.没人见过这种日落的效果。12. 在主语从句中，整个句子作主语，一般视为单数形式，谓语动词也一般用第三人称单数形式。但有时由what引起的主语从句，谓语动词用第三人称单数还是非第三人称单数形式，随意思而定。如：(1). What he said is correct. 他说的话是对的。(2). What she left me are a few books. 他给我留下的只是几本书。13.非谓语动词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 如：Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。14.表示时间、重量、长度、价值、金钱、距离等的名词作主语，尽管是复数形式，但它
8、们一般作为整体看待，动词一般也要用第三人称单数形。如：One hundred li was covered in a single night.强化训练1.Three_ died in the terrible fire in Luo yang last winter.A. hundreds peopleB. hundred peopleC. hundreds peoplesD. hundred peoples解析：选B. hundred一词前面有具体数词修饰时不加-s。2. Either you or the president _ the prizes to these gifted wi
9、nners at the meeting.A. is handing outB. are to hand outC. are handing outD. is to hand out解析：选D. 当either or 连接两个并列主语时，句子的谓语动词在人称和数上与后一个主语保持一致。“be+不定式”表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作。3. I, who _ your close friend, will try my best to help you out of trouble.A. am B. is C. are D. be解析：选A. who 为引导定语从句的关系代词，其先行词是I ,所以
10、谓语动词要用am。4. The Olympic Games in the year 2008 _ in Beijing of China, which _ known to us all.A. is to hold; isB. is to be held; wasC. are to hold; is D. are to be held; is解析：选D. 主语the Olympic Games 意为：奥运会，谓语动词要用非第三人称单数形式；后半部分为which引导的非限制情定语从句，其谓语动词要用单数形式。5. There _ a lot of rubbish on the floor so
11、I asked Mary to sweep _ up.A. were; itB. are; themC. was; itD. is; them解析：选C. there be句型中be动词的单复数取决于其后的主语，a lot of rubbish(不可数名词)，因此后面谓语动词要用单数。6. Three million tons of coal _ every year in the city.A. is exploitedB. are exploitedC. had exploitedD. have exploited解析：选A. 主语为coal, 是不可数名词。根据题意，此处要用被动语态。7
12、. Stories of the Long March _ popular with the young people now.A. is B. was C. are D. were解析：选A. 主语Stories of the Long March 是书名，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。8. Mathematics _ the language of science.A. areB. are going to beC. isD. is to be解析：选C. 此处mathematics 为学科名词，作主语时谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。9. Both rice and wheat _ gro
13、wn in our country.A. is B. are C. was D. were解析：选B. both-and-连接两个并列主语时，句子的谓语动词要用非第三人称单数形式。10. _ either of your parents come to see you recently?A. HaveB. HadC. HasD. Is解析：选C. either 是主语部分的中心词，助动词要与either在数上保持一致。11. What the children in the mountain village need _ good books.A. isB. are C. haveD. has
14、解析：选B. what 引导的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词要根据后面的名词的数来决定，此处要用非第三人称单数形式。12. The whole family _ TV attentively.A. are watchingB. is watchingC. is seeingD. are seeing解析：选A.此处family指家里的各个成员，所以谓语动词要用非第三人称单数形式。13. Nothing but several glasses _ bought by my father the day before yesterday.A. was B. were C. have been D. w
15、ould be解析：选A. 此处nothing句子的主语，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。14. At the bus stop _ a soldier and two young people on their way to the village.A. were B. was C. is D. sits解析：选A. 此句为倒装句，句子的主语是a soldier and two young people.15. If law and order _, neither the citizen nor his family is safe.A. are not preserved B. is not preservedC. were preserved D. have not been preserved
