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1、用心 爱心 专心 高二英语高二英语时态总结 二 通用版时态总结 二 通用版 本讲主要内容本讲主要内容 时态总结 二 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在完成时 过去完成时 知识总结归纳知识总结归纳 一 一般将来时 一般将来时表示将来的动作或状态 其表达形式除了 will 或 shall 十动词原形 外 还有以下几种形式 1 to be going to 十动词原形 表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事 例如 It is going to rain We are going to have a meeting today 2 go come start move sail leave 等可用进行时态表示按计
2、划即将发生的动 作 例如 I m leaving for Beijing 3 be to 十动词原形 表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方意见 例如 Are we to go on with this work The boy is to go to school tomorrow 4 be about to 十动词原形 表示即将发生的动作 例如 We are about to leave 5 某些词 如 come go leave arrive start 等的一般现在时和现在进行时也可 表示将来 The meeting starts at five o clock He is leaving t
3、omorrow 二 过去将来时 1 过去将来时表示从过去的某时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态 过去将来时由 should 或 would 十动词原形 构成 第一人称用 should 其他人称用 would 例如 They were sure that they would succeed 2 表示过去的某种习惯性行为 只用 would Whenever we had trouble he would come to help us 三 现在完成时 1 表示动作过去已经完成 但对现在仍然有影响或表示经验 I have seen the film and don t want to see it
4、 a second time 2 表示 过去的动作 一直延续至今并有可能继续下去 常与 for 或 since 等短语连用 I ve worked at this school for many years 3 由终止性动词如 leave arrive come go return begin start put stop die fall but borrow see 等构成的完成时不能与 for 或 since 引起的时间状语连用 用心 爱心 专心 He has died for two years He dies two years ago He worked in the factor
5、y for 8 years 现在完成时用于一些固定句式中 since so far up to now in the last past I haven t heard from him since 1999 现在完成时的用法 现在完成时由 have 十过去分词 构成 其使用有两种情况 1 现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成 而对现在有影响 句中没有具体时 间状语 例如 He has gone to Fuzhou 说话人认为他不在该地 He has been to Fuzhou 说话人认为他在该地 2 现在完成时所表示的动作开始于过去 持续到现在 也许还会持续下去 常用 for 和 sin
6、ce 表示一段时间的状语或 so far now up to now for a long time till now up to present for the last past few years these few days weeks months years today this week month year 等表示包括现在时间在内的状语 例如 He has studied English for 5 years He has studied English since 1985 Now I have finished the work 注意 注意 表示短暂时间动作的词 如 co
7、me go die marry buy 等的完成时不能与 for since 等表示一段时间的词连用 3 现在完成时还可用在时间和条件状语从句中 表示将来某时完成的动作 例如 I ll go to your home when I have finished my homework If it has stopped snowing in the morning we ll go to the park 四 一般过去时与现在完成时 1 动作均发生在过去 2 过去时是叙述过去时间里发生过的事 而完成时强调该动作造成的结果 对现在有影 响 I had lunch with my family at
8、 a restaurant near my home 我吃了饭 I have had lunch with my family 我吃过了 不想再吃了 五 过去时 两个或两个以上的动作均发生在过去 如果其中有一个是可持续的动词 而另一个 是持续时间很短的 则前者用过去进行时 后者用一般过去时 They were waiting for us as we arrived 两个或两个以上的动作均发生在过去 两个都是可持续的动词 两者都可用过去进 行时 I was doing my homework while my dad was reading a novel 两个或两个以上的动作均发生在过去 两
9、个都是不可持续的动词 两者都可用一般 过去时 As we arrived there they met us at the gate 两个动作均发生在过去 但有先后 则先发生的动作用过去完成时 后发生是用一 般过去时 用心 爱心 专心 When I got to the station the train had left 六 过去完成时 1 过去完成时由 had 十过去分词 构成 过去完成时的动词表示过去某一时刻或某一 动作之前完成的动作或状态 句中常用 by before until when 等词引导的时间状语 例如 By the end of last year we had buil
10、t five new houses I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university 2 过去完成时的动词还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间 或持续下去 例如 Before he slept he had worked for 12 hours 题型展示题型展示 1 You don t need to describe her I her several times 95 NMET 24 A had met B have met C met D meet 本题考察的是现在完成时的一个基本的含义 动作发生在过去
11、 对现在造成的影响 在你描述她之前我们已经见过几次了 所以应该选择 B 2 We haven t heard from Jane for a long time 91 MET 23 What do you suppose to her A was happening B to happen C has happened D having happened 本题中 do you suppose 是插入语 问句用的是现在完成时 是过去对现在造成的影响 所以答句也要用现在完成时 故选 C 3 I m sorry to keep you waiting 94 NMET 19 Oh not at all
12、 I here only a few minutes A have been B had been C was D will be 本题的现在完成时表示的是现在的状态 故选择 A 4 the sports meet might be put off 95 NMET 16 Yes it all depends on the weather A I ve been told B I ve told C I m told D I told 本句表示我已经被通知到了 对现在的影响是内容我知道了 故选 A 5 my glasses 96 NMET 6 Yes I saw them on your bed
13、 a minute ago A Do you see B Had you seen C Would you see D Have you seen 选择现在完成时表示对现在的影响 看到没看到过 故选 D 6 My aunt to see us She ll be here soon 78 12 A comes B is coming C had come D came 现在进行时表示将来 故选 B 7 We were all surprised when he made it clear that he office soon 93 MET 18 A leaves B would leave
14、C left D had left 本题中有一个重要的时间状语 soon 表将来 故选 B 8 By eleven o clock yesterday we at the airport 80 14 A had arrived B have arrived C shall arrive D arrive 根据时间的先后关系 到昨天 11 点之前 应该用过去完成时 故选 A 9 By the time he was twelve Edison to make a living by himself 84 15 A would begin B has begun C had begun D was
15、 begun 用心 爱心 专心 根据时间的先后关系 到他 12 岁时 他就已经开始自己谋生了 应该用过去完成时 故选 C 10 The police found that the house and a lot of things 90 MET 32 A has broken into has been stolen B had broken into had been stolen C has been broken into stolen D had been broken into stolen 本句为过去时 房子被闯入应为过去的过去 所以要用过去完成时的被动语态 第二个 空用过去分词作
16、宾语补足语 故选 D 11 When Jack arrived he learned Mary for almost an hour 92 NMET 30 A had gone B had set off C had left D had been away Mary 在 Jack 来之前已经离开一个小时了 故用过去完成时 故选 D 实战模拟实战模拟 1 Tom into the house when no one 92 MET 40 A slipped was looking B had slipped looked C slipped had looked D was slipping looked 2 As she the newspaper Granny asleep 95 NMET 20 A read was falling B was reading fell C was reading was falling D read fell 3 Your phone number again I quite catch it 95 NMET 12 It s 9568442 A d
