《高考英语句子结构详解剖析-》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语句子结构详解剖析-（25页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、高考英语-句子结构详解剖析1、Todd Park, a local detective, said the method has helped him learn more about an unidentified woman whose skeleton was found near Great Salt Lake.【分析】本句为复合句，主干为Todd Park said。a local detective为Todd Park的同位语。the method has为省略了引导词that的宾语从句，该宾语从句中又包含一个由whose引导的定语从句whose skeletonLake，修饰的是
2、woman。【译文】当地的侦探Todd Park说这个方法帮助他了解到关于一具在大盐湖附近发现的不明身份女尸骸的更多信息。2、He had a perfect rsum and gave good responses to her questions, but the fact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so she decided to offer the job to her second choice.【分析】本句为复合句，主干为He had arsum and gaveresponses, but
3、 the factsaid untrustworthyso she decided。从句that he never looked her in the eye为the fact的同位语。and连接He的两个谓宾，but表转折，so则表结果。【译文】这位应试者的履历非常完美，并且对她的问题回答得不错，但是，他不敢正视她这一事实意味着“不值得信赖”，因此她决定把工作留给第二个候选人。3、When we begin to question our assumptions and challenge what we think we have learned from our past, from t
4、he media, peers, family, friends, etc., we begin to realize that some of our conclusions are flawed (有缺陷的) or contrary to our fundamental values.【分析】本句为复合句，主句为we begin to realize，从句为When引导的时间状语从句When weetc.。主句中包括一个由that引导的宾语从句that somevalues，作realize的宾语。从句中包含了一个由what引导的宾语从句what we think，作challenge的宾
5、语；而think后又带了一个省略引导词的宾语从句we have learned frometc.。【译文】当我们开始质疑自己的假设，并且向那些我们认为是从我们的过去、媒体、同辈、家人、朋友等那里学到的东西发出挑战的时候，我们就开始意识到我们的结论有些是有缺陷的，或者说与我们的基本价值是相违背的。4、The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of the environment in sh
6、aping and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied.【结构分析】Step one: 谓语动词was, isStep two: 连词and1）本句没有从句，是由and连接的两个并列句，翻译时分开处理即可2）前半句用用括号圈出所有的修饰语之后，只剩下主干The role was formulated3）后半句主干为：the selective role is only beginning to be recognized and studied【重点解
7、读】1）遇到非常长的句子可以用括号把介词短语等修饰语画出来，这样便于找出主干；2）本句考查被动语态的翻译方法，尽量翻译为主动，但并不绝对。【重点单词】formulate： 制订，规划，构思，确切表达”，句中是被动结构， was formulated应译为“得到阐述，得到阐明”；shape原意为“做成某种形状”，这里引申为“塑造(个体行为)”；maintain“保持，维持”；recognize“认识，识别”。【参考译文】自然选择在进化中的作用仅在一百多年前才得以阐明，而环境在塑造和保持个体行为时所起的选择作用则刚刚开始被认识和研究。5、Steelworkers, airline employee
8、s, and now those in the auto industry are joining millions of families who must worry about interest rates, stock market fluctuation, and the harsh reality that they may outlive their retirement money.【参考译文】钢铁工人、航空公司雇员以及现在汽车企业的员工都正在加入上百万家庭的行列，这些家庭必须担忧利率、股票市场的波动以及退休金不够用的严峻现实。【结构分析】Step one：谓语动词are, m
9、ust worry, may outliveStep two：从句引导词who, that1)本句的主干是steelworkers, airline employees, and now those in the auto industry are joining millions of families2)who引导的定语从句修饰先行词families，其中定语从句的谓语动词worry about带有三个宾语：interest rates、stock market fluctuation和the harsh reality，3)句末that引导的同位语从句that they may outl
10、ive their retirement money作reality的同位语。outlive their retirement money是指“把退休金拿去投资，可能会投资失败，导致失去退休金，以后的日子退休金不够用”。6、Mr. McWhorter acknowledges that formal language is not strictly necessary, and proposes no radical education reformshe is really grieving over the loss of something beautiful more than use
11、ful.【参考译文】麦荷特先生认为正式语言并非不可或缺，也没有提出要进行彻底的教育改革他其实只是为那些美好事物而不是实用的东西的消逝而哀叹。【结构分析】Step one:谓语动词acknowledges, is, proposes, isStep two :从句引导词thatStep three: 并列连词and,破折号连接两个句子1）主句为Mr. McWhorter acknowledgesand proposes no radical education reforms，两个谓语的动作发出者均为Mr. McWhorter2）That引导宾语从句3）破折号对前面内容解释说明，注意，破折号后面
12、可以是一个完整的句子，也可以是短语或从句。【重点短语】radical education reforms：彻底的教育改革radical 表示彻底的。7、Scott Hahn, cofounder（共同创立者） with Gregory of Rogan and Loomstate, which uses all-organic cotton, says high-quality sustainable materials can still be tough to find.【分析】本句为复合句，主干为Scott Hahn says。high-quality sustainablefind为s
13、ays的宾语。which引导的非限制性定语从句which uses all-organic cotton修饰的是Rogan and Loomstate。cofounder with Gregory为Scott Hahn的同位语。【译文】Scott Hahn与Gregory同为使用全有机棉的Rogan和Loomstate公司的创始人，他声称，高质量的可持续使用面料仍然很难寻觅到。8、Most designers with existing labels are finding there arent comparable fabrics that can just replace what yo
14、ure doing and what your customers are used to,” he says.【分析】本句为复合句，主干为Most designersare finding。there arentused to为省略了that的宾语从句。that引导的定语从句that can just replace修饰fabrics。what引导的两个宾语从句what youre doing和what your customers are used to作replace的宾语。【译文】他说，“大多数现有品牌设计师发现，并没有匹配的面料能代替你正用着的和顾客们已经适应的面料。”9、Studi
15、es of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions.【译文】 对动物和人类的研究表明：性激素以某种方式影响压力反应，使雌性在承受压力时比处于同等条件下的雄性分泌更多触发不良反应的化学物质。【分析结构】Step 1：谓语动词have shown
16、, affect, doStep 2：从句引导词that, more than1)句子主干的宾语由从句构成，that引导2)现在分词结构causing conditions为伴随动作，表示宾语从句的结果。3)分词结构中含有一个比较结构，发生了倒装，正常语序为：produce more of the trigger chemicals than males do under the same conditions.【难点补充】比较结构的倒装：通常用于书面语，但是如果主语为代词，则不可以倒装，比如：We now know a lot more about the Universe than we did ten years ago.10、Thus, the anthr
