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1、高考英语句子结构剖析1、Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering the windshield, she found herself wondering why there couldnt be a built-in device for cleaning the window.【句式翻译】注意到司机要很费力的透过覆盖在挡风玻璃上的雪向外看，她不禁想为什么不能有一个内置的设备来清除雪呢。【句式分析】本句是复合句，that和why在句中引导宾语从句，Noticing , covering和wo
2、ndering分别作状语、定语和宾补。【词语点拨】notice vt.注意到；看到。常用于notice sb do sth; notice sb doing sth和notice sth done结构中。I didnt notice you wearing a new hat. =I didnt notice you were wearing a new hat. 我没有注意到你戴了一顶新帽子。We noticed Jack leave the house an hour ago.我们注意到杰克一小时前离开了这所房子。No one but Miss Zhou noticed the flowe
3、rs on the table changed.除周小姐外，没有人注意到桌子上的花被换过。n.注意；通知The notice was set above the door, and I didnt see it.通知贴在门的上方，我没看见。He is too proud to take notice of others.他很骄傲，不理睬别人。【语法点拨】1）现在分词doing作定语：在逻辑上与所修饰的名词之间为主谓关系，也可改成定语从句。单个分词作定语一般放在被修饰词之前，分词短语作定语一般放在被修饰词之后。如：The glow of the setting sun is splendid;
4、it is a pity that dusk is fast approaching.夕阳无限好，只是近黄昏。He is a businessman growing rich in recent years.他是一位最近几年才发起来的商人。2）分词作宾补：分词一般只在两类动词后作宾补，感官动词(feel，listen to，hear，see，look at, watch，notice，observe) 和使役动词(have, make)。现在分词作宾补表示正在进行的主动意义，过去分词则表示已经完成的被动意义。如：Through the window Jane saw children play
5、ing in the yard.透过窗户简看见孩子们在院子里玩。Maria has had her wallet stolen on her way to school.上学路上，玛利亚的钱包被偷了。2、To get ahead in the world and lead a happy successful life means getting on with other people and being able to understand and react to situations in the best way possible.【句式翻译】在这个世界中生存并快乐的生活意味着能够与
6、其他人很好的相处, 能够理解形势并以最好的方式作出反应。【句式分析】本句是简单句，句子的主语是To get ahead, means作谓语，getting on with和being able to是并列的宾语。【词语点拨】react v. 反应，做出反应When the sun comes out, the flowers react by opening.当太阳出来的时候，花以张开的形式作出反应。Do children react to kind treatment by becoming more self-confident?对孩子们和善是否会使他们更有信心?【语法点拨】doing作宾
7、语：介词后常接doing作宾语，如：She left the room without saying a word. 她没说什么就离开了房间。有些动词或短语后只能跟动名词作宾语，这类词有：finish, imagine, fancy, insist on, enjoy, escape, consider, cant help（禁不住）, admit, avoid, mind, miss, practise, keep, resist, appreciate, put offdelay, suggest, advise, allow, permit, forbid, ban, prohibit,
8、 forgive, excuse, risk, tolerate, recommend, stand, feel like, look forward to, preferto等。如：He admitted taking the watch.他承认拿了手表。Much as she likes him, she would never consider marrying him.尽管她很喜欢他, 但她并不打算嫁给他。begin，start，like，prefer, hate后既可接to do也可接doing作宾语，意思差别不大，如：He likes playing/to play basketb
9、all.他喜欢打篮球。 stop，try，go on, remember, forget, mean, regret后面用doing或to do 不定式,意思不一样。stop doing停止做 stop to do停下来开始做try doing试一试做 try to do尽力做，企图做go on doing继续做（同一件事） go on to do继续做（不同的事）remember doing 记着做了 remember to do记着要做forget doing忘记做了 forget to do忘记要做mean doing意味着 mean to do打算做regret doing后悔做了 r
10、egret to do遗憾要做比较：I forgot teaching the students the words.我忘记了曾教过学生们这些词。（已经教过）I forgot to teach the students the words.我忘了教学生们这些词。（未教）3、We even have different word for some foods, meat in particular, depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked, which Shows the f
11、act that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming, while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating.【句式翻译】我们甚至对某些食物有不同的单词，特别是肉类，取决于它是长在田野里，还是在家里准备被烹饪，这表明一个事实，即萨克森农民在农田干活，而上层阶级的诺曼人在大吃大喝。【句式分析】本句是复合句, whether引导宾语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句，while引导并列句，表对比，depending on作状语。【词语点拨】1）in particular 尤其，特别H
12、is statement refers to people in general, not to anyone in particular.他的发言是泛指一般情况，不是针对某一个人的。2）depend on 依赖，依靠All living things depend on the sun for their growth.万物靠太阳生长。The plan can have different results depending on the weather.根据天气的不同这项计划会有不同的结果。【语法点拨】doing作状语1）作时间状语Walking in the street,I saw h
13、im.当我在街上走时，我看到他了。可以转化为一个时间状语从句When/While I was walking in the street,I saw him.Walking in the street,I saw him.我是翻译成”当我在街上走时，我看到他了”而不可以翻译为”当他在街上走时，我看到他了”（这个是因为”分词作状语时其逻辑主语一般要与句中主语保持一致”）2）作条件状语e.g. Working hard,you will succeed. （只要）努力工作，你就会成功。3）作原因状语e.g. Being ill,she stayed at home. （因为）生病，她留在家里。4）
14、作让步状语e.g. Having failed many times,he didnt lost heart. 有很多次失败，他没有灰心。5）作结果状语e.g. His friend died,getting him a lot of money, 他的朋友死了，（所以）给了他很多钱。（注：动词不定式作结果状语通常表示一种出乎意料的结果，常在不定式前加only或never用来强调惊讶或失望；而ing形式作结果状语强调一种必然的因果关系）6）作方式状语e.g. Please answer the question using another way. 请用另一种方式回答这个问题。7）作伴随状语e
15、.g. Look at the people lying on the beach.看那些人正躺在沙滩上。4、The computer burst into life and second later, the screen turned into colors, shifting and changing and then two big white words appeared in the center of the screen: “SPACE TRANSPORTER.”【句式翻译】电脑突然活跃起来，几秒钟后屏幕变成彩色，图像开始不断变换，然后屏幕中间出现两个白色大字：“空间运输车”。
16、【句式分析】本句是并列连词and连接的复合句，shifting and changing在句中作伴随状语。【词语点拨】burst into匆匆进入（某处）；突然开始（某事）；突然进入（某种状态）The door was suddenly pushed open and he burst into the house.门忽然推开，他闯进了屋来。Suddenly the leading car in the race burst into sight.突然，比赛中的那辆领先的车出现了。The plane burst into flames, killing two of the airmen on board.飞
