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1、Period ThreeGrammar & Writing语法感知.用适当的关系词填空1.The Yangtze River， is more than 6,000 kilometres long，is the third longest river in the world.2.Sun Yatsen， was the leader of the 1911 Revolution，first suggested the idea in 1919.3.His mother， he loved dearly，went abroad.4.This machine， he has looked afte
2、r for many years，is still working perfectly.5.Lucy， parents had died，had to make a living by herself.翻译句子1.They set up a state of their own，where they would be free to keep Negroes as slaves. 2.The letter is from my younger sister，who is working in Beijing. 3.I saw a good film，which was about the Lo
3、ng March. 4.His dog，which he liked very much，died yesterday. 5.He suddenly fell ill，which prevented him from going to school. 语法精析一、非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句相比较，非限制性定语从句是指与主句关系不十分密切，只对主句中的先行词作补充说明作用的定语从句。其标志是主句和从句之间用逗号隔开。1.引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词指人时用who，whom和whose；指物时用which。This is our headmaster，who I think has som
4、ething important to tell you.这是我们的校长，我认为他有重要的事情要告诉你。My elder sister has become a doctor，which I wanted to be.大姐成了一名医生，我原来也想做一名医生的。2.引导非限制性定语从句的关系副词有when和where。当先行词指时间时，关系副词用when；指地点时用where。Chaplin lived the last years of his life in Switzerland，where he was buried in 1977.卓别林在瑞士度过了他的晚年，1977年他被安葬在那里。
5、He left his hometown in 1992，when he was only 12 years old.他于1992年离开家乡，当时他只有12岁。3.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句存在许多不同之处，主要有以下几点：(1)引导词不同：关系代词that，关系副词why均不可以引导非限制性定语从句。(2)非限制性定语从句与主句的关系不像限制性定语从句那样紧密，即使去掉，主句的意思依然清楚完整。它与主句之间通常用逗号隔开，译成汉语时，通常不译作定语，而是译成与主句并列的句子。I have two foreign teachers，both of whom are from Americ
6、a.我有两个外教，他们都来自美国。The foreign teacher who comes from America teaches us literature.从美国来的那位外教教我们文学。(3)非限制性定语从句的引导词无论在从句中作什么成分，均不可省略；而在限制性定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词可省略。This is the man (that/who/whom) we are talking about.这正是我们正谈论的那个人。This is the man，whom we talked about just now.这就是那个人，我们刚才谈论过的。(4)在限制性定语从句中，指人时，作宾
7、语的whom可以用who或that代替，但在非限制性定语从句中不可以代替。He is the very person (whom/who/that) we referred to.他正是我们提到的那个人。4.as和which引导的非限制性定语从句的区别：(1)as在非限制性定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，这个定语从句说明整个句子。as引导的非限制性定语从句既可以放在主句之后，也可以放在主句之前，还可放在主句之中，有“像一样，正如，正像”的意思。As we all know，he studies very hard.(as作宾语)我们都知道他学习很用功。As is known to all，he
8、is the best student in our class.(as作主语)众所周知，他是我们班上最好的学生。Taiwan，as is known to all，is an inseparable part of China.(as作主语)大家都知道，台湾是中国不可分割的一部分。(2)which引导的非限制性定语从句既可指代整句话的内容，也可指代某个词或词组，但是不能放于句首。He was late for the meeting，which made the chairman very angry.(which指代整个主句的内容)他开会迟到了，主席为此非常生气。I want to buy
9、 the house，which has a garden.(which指代the house)我想买个有花园的房子。题组训练1单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)(1)Her dog，that was very old，was killed by a car.(2)Which is known to us all，smoking is harmful to our health.(3)The girl，her mother died last month，studies very hard.(4)I have two brothers，both of them are teachers.(5)Af
10、ter graduation，I decided to stay in Guangzhou，there I spent all my childhood.二、定语从句中的省略定语从句可以省略或简化，主要通过以下形式：1.省略作宾语的关系代词在定语从句中作宾语的关系代词有who(m)，which，that。在限制性定语从句中，当who(m)和that作宾语用于指人时可以互换使用，通常可以省略；当that和which作宾语用于指物时也可以互换使用，通常也可以省略。Is that the man (whom/who/that) you gave your ticket to？(whom，who和th
11、at可以省略)那个是你把票给他的人吗？Is that the address (which/that) you sent the telegram to？(which和that可以省略)那是你发电报的地址吗？2.当先行词是way，且在定语从句中作方式状语时，关系词可用in which或that，也可以省略。如：That was the way (in which/that) she worked the problem out.她就是用那种办法解决问题的。3.有时为了行文需要，定语从句中的关系代词和部分谓语动词可以省略。The house (which was) damaged in the
12、fire will be rebuilt soon.大火中损坏的房子不久就要被翻修。The plan (which is) being discussed is of great importance.正在讨论的这个计划非常重要。注意：有些定语从句不能按上述方法直接缩略，而需变动词为分词。The train that leaves from Platform 5 goes to Beijing.The train leaving from Platform 5 goes to Beijing.从第五站台开出的火车驶往北京。Yesterday we had a meeting which las
13、ted two hours.Yesterday we had a meeting lasting two hours.昨天我们举行了一个持续两小时的会议。题组训练2(1)用定语从句改写句子中的画线部分The building built last year is our teaching building.The building last year is our teaching building.The man speaking to our teacher is a doctor.The man our teacher is a doctor.The boys helped the people hurt in the accident.The boys helped the people in the accident.(2)一句多译请告诉我你做这项工作的方式。 高考链接.用适当的关系词填空1.In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme，one of purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.(
