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1、英语八年级上 Unit 1知识点一、短语默写1. 一些喝的东西_2.再来点食物_3.保密_4.冰箱里什么也没有了_ 5.做某事怎么样啊?_6.什么使得你朋友如此特殊?_7.好朋友的品质_8.关心_9.一个诚实男孩_10.做某事有困难_11.与某人谈话_12. 使我笑_13.相信某人所说的_14.分享我的快乐_15.说谎_16.信任他们_17.同意某人_18.最好的朋友之一_19.和某人分享某物_20.任何时候_21.帮助某人做庭作业_二、知识点详解1. honest以元音因素开头,故当表示“一位诚实的.”应用“an honest”,反义词为 dishonest【拓展】be honest wit
2、h sb.对某人坦诚【例题】2013邵阳-Look! Whos_ boy over there? -Oh, he is my cousin Bob. He is_ honest boy.A.an; the B. the; an C. the; a2. care动词:关心,关注,在意;还可作名词,译为“小心,照料”形容词形式有两个:careful(小心的,仔细的),careless“粗心的”;其对应的副词形式为:carefully “小心地,仔细地”,carelessly“粗心地”。【搭配】care常见的短语:care for照顾;take care注意,当心;care about关心;关怀;t
3、ake care of照顾 再来点食物3. politely反义词为 impolite,意为“没有礼貌的,粗鲁的”;其副词形式为politely,意为“礼貌地”。4. Lie为可数名词,复数形式为lies. Lie还可作动词,意为“说谎;躺;卧”。Lie作“说谎”讲时,其过去式为lied;做“躺,卧”讲时。其过去式为lay. Lie现在分词为lying.【搭配】tell a lie说谎;lie down躺下【例题】你不应该对你的朋友撒谎。You shouldnt _ _ to your friends.5. true 形容词“确实的;的确;真实的,忠实的”(1)Yes, thats true
4、是的,确实如此。(2)Do you think he is a true friends? 你认为他是一个忠实的朋友吗?【探究】true 既可以用在名词前作定语,又可以用在连系动词后作表语。true的副词形式为truly,名词形式为truth.【辨析】real和true(1) real强调人或事物真是存在,而不是想象的或虚构的。(2) True强调符合事实。是真的而不是假的,是相符的而不是编造的。【例题】(1) Lily is my_ (忠实的) friend. I can tell her everything about myself.(2) This story is not exact
5、ly_ (真实的)6. Make是使役动词,其后可接动词原形、形容词或名词作宾语补足语。Make具体用法如下:(1) make+sb./sth.+adj. “使某人或某事变得.” Ill make it easier.我将使他变得更容易些。(2) “make+sb./sth.+n.” “使某人或某物成为.”(3) “make sb. do sth.” “让/迫使某人做某事”【拓展】与make类似,后面也接动词原形作宾语补足语的动词有以下几类:一感(feel),二听(hear, listen to),三让(let, have, make),四看(watch, see, notice, look
6、at )。7. Can I have some more food.我可以再来一点食物吗?【探究】more是many和much的比较级,常用来修饰名词。【拓展】(1) more之前可用基数词或some,any, many, much, a little, a few no等词修饰。(2)“基数词+more+名词”结构可与“another+基数词+名词”结构互换,意为“再.”如:two more books= another two books8. 在日常交际用语中,向别人提出建议的句型有以下几种:(1) “Lets+动词原形”意为“让我们.吧。”(2) “What/How about+动词in
7、g/名词/代词宾格”意为“.怎么样?”(3) “Shall we+动词原形”表示“我们.好吗?”(4) “Why dont we/ you+动词原形”或“Why not+动词原形”意为“为什么不.?”(5) “Would you like (to do) .?”意为“你愿意/想要(做).吗?”(6) “Would/ Will you please+动词原形”意为“请你.好吗?”9. Maybe we can share it. Maybe意为“也许,可能,大概”是副词。【辨析】maybe和may be(1) maybe常位于句首,表示不太肯定的推测,相当于perhaps, probably,
8、possibly.在口语中maybe可单独使用。(2) May be意为“可能是,也许是”,由情态动词may加系动词be构成,常用于句中,放在主语后作谓语,构成主系表结构。【例题】同义句转换 They may be in the classroom.=_ they in the classroom.10. Do you believe what he/ she says? 宾语从句要用陈述句语序【拓展】当主句主语为第一人称,谓语动词是believe, think, suppose等时,要将从句的否定词转移到主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定形式,而从句的谓语动词用肯定形式。I dont think
9、 he will come with you.我认为他不会和你一起来的。【例题】(1) 你知道她在哪儿吗? Do you know_ _ _?(2) 我想他今天不会来了。I_ _ he will come today.(3) 我相信他不是小偷,不是吗?I_ _ hes a thief, _ _?三、Reading1. Voice即可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词。 Betty has a good voice.贝蒂有一副好嗓子。【辨析】voice, sound和noise(1) voice意为“嗓音”,一般指人说话、唱歌、谈笑的声音,也可指动物的鸣叫声。(2) Sound意为“声音,响声”,范围
10、很大,可指大自然的任何声音。(3) Noise意为“噪音,喧闹声”,常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声。【搭配】in a loud/ low voice大声地/低声地 in a sweet voice用甜美的声音 raise ones voice提高嗓音2. almost “几乎,差不多”。常用来修饰形容词或动词等。almost不能用not修饰,但可放在no, none,nothing等的前面。【拓展】nearly的意思与almost相近,但nearly与no,none,nobody,never等词连用。3. knock. onto将某物碰到.上 knock at/ on敲. knock down打到
11、;撞倒knock over撞翻;碰倒 knock. off把.从.上撞倒/打翻【例句】(1) When he walks past our desks, he often knocks our books and pens onto the floor.当他经过我们课桌时, 他经常把我们的书和钢笔撞倒地上。(2) Peter knocked the glass off the table and broke it.彼得把玻璃杯打翻,从桌子上掉下去摔碎了。4. choose既可作及物动词,也可做不及物动词,其过去式是chose,名词形式是choice.【搭配】(1) choose to do s
12、th.选择做某事 (2)choose sb. To do sth.选择某人做某事(3) choose from从.中选择5.Betty is one of my best friends.贝蒂是我最好的朋友之一。【探究】one of+形容词+名词复数表示“最.之一”;of后如果是名词,名词前还应加上限定词,如the, these, those, our等。one of后可接名词复数,也可以接代词复数,作主语时谓语动词用单数。【例题】-What do you think of the film you saw yesterday? -Oh! Its one of_ films Ive ever
13、seen.A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting6. be ready to do sth.= be willing to do sth. 愿意做某事【辨析】be ready 和 get readybe ready “准备好了”强调状态;get ready“为.做准备”,强调准备的动作。7. She helps me with my homework and she always gives her seat on the bus to someone in need.【探究】(1) help sb. with sth.=help sb. (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事。(2) in need(= in trouble) 是介词短语,意为“有需要的,处于需要状态的”,通常作后置定语。【拓展】be in need of sth.需要某物 in great need of很需要【例题】(1)我们应该随时准备帮助需要帮助的人。We should be ready to help people_ _.(2)那里