《2020年高考英语易错语法点30题专题05 情态动词（解析版）》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2020年高考英语易错语法点30题专题05 情态动词（解析版）（11页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、高考语法复习 5 情态动词【走进高考】1.【2018江苏】Its strange that he _ have taken the books without the owners permission.A. would B. shouldC. could D. might【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：真奇怪，他竟然没有主人的允许就拿走了这些书。在句型 It is important/ necessary/ strange/ impossible/ natural that中，其中由that引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词原形”，这样的虚拟语气，其中的should可以省略。故选
2、B.2.【2018江苏】There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _ a second chance to become more involved.A. had B. will haveC. would have had D. have had【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：在这个村里有很好的社交生活，并且我希望我再有机会去更多的参与。本题考查wish引导的宾语从句，表示与现在事实相反的愿望，所以从句用一般过去时。故选A。3. 【2018天津】I cant find my purse. I _it in the s
3、upermarket yesterday, but Im not sure.A. should leave B. must have leftC. might leave D. could have left【答案】D【解析】考查情态动词表推测和虚拟语气。句意：我不能找到我的钱包了，昨天我有可能把它落在超市了，但我不确定。根据句中时间状语yesterday可知，是对过去事情的推测，故用情态动词+have done，再根据后句but Im not sure。可知，此推测为不能肯定的推测，故用情态动词could，表示“可能”，故选D4. 【2018北京】In todays information
4、age, the loss of data _ cause serious problems for a company.A. need B. should C. can D. must【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词。句意：在今天的信息时代，数据的丢失有时会对一个公司造成严重的问题。数据丢失造成严重问题是客观上会发生的情况，即“客观可能性”，故该空应用情态动词can。C选项正确。其余情态动词均没有该用法。need需要；should应该，竟然；must必须，肯定。5. 【2018北京】They might have found a better hotel if they _ a few mor
5、e kilometers.A. drove B. would drive C. were to drive D. had driven【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他们多开几公里的话，他们也许会找到一个更好的旅馆。由“they might have found a better hotel”可知，该句是表示对过去的虚拟。if _ a few more kilometers是条件句部分，表示对过去的虚拟，条件句部分要用过去完成时态，故选D。6.【2018天津】If we _ the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday
6、on the beachA. had caught B. caughtC. have caught D. would catch【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我们昨天赶上飞机的话，现在我们正在海滩享受我们的假日了。根据时间状语yesterday可知，从句表示与过去事实相反，故用had + v-ed。故选A。7.【2017北京】Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, _ easily reach the books on the top shelf.A. must B. should C. can D. need【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词。句意
7、：Samuel，我班最高的男生，能很轻松地够着书架顶上的书。此处需要一个表示能力的词，故用can, 答案为C。8.【2017北京】If the new safety system _ to use, the accident would never have happened. A. had been put B. were put C. should be put D. would be put【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果这个新的安装系统被投入使用的话，这个事故就不会发生了。根据主句确定是对过去情况的虚拟，所以从句谓语用had done形式，此外根据句意可知是被动，用被动语态，
8、故选。9.【2017江苏】_ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.A. It were B. Were it C. It was D. Was it【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气和倒装。虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略，同时把were/should/had提前，即Were/Should/Had I,故选B。句意：要不是老师们的支持，该生是无法克服她自己的困难的。10.【2017天津】My room is a mess, but
9、I _ clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.A. darentB. shouldntC. needntD. mustnt【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词。 句意：我的房间很乱，但是在今晚我出去之前不需要打扫，我可以明天早晨再打扫。A.不敢；B.不应该；C不需要；D.不许。根据句意，故选C。【语法精讲】考点一 情态动词的基本用法一、can和could的用法1表示“能力”，意为“能，会”。(2017北京卷)Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, can easily reach
10、the books on the top shelf.Samuel是我们班最高的男孩，他能轻易地够着书架顶层的书。(湖北卷)It was several minutes before I could take in what he was saying.过了好几分钟，我才理解他说的是什么。was/were able to表示过去有能力做并成功做了某事，相当于：managed to do sth./succeeded in doing sth.。 2表示推测，意为“可能”，用于否定句或疑问句中。can比could语气强。That cant be Maryshe is in London now.
11、那不可能是玛丽现在她在伦敦。3表示理论上的可能性，意为“有时候可能会”，用于肯定句。(2018北京卷)In todays information age, the loss of data can cause serious problems for a company.在今天的信息时代，数据的丢失有时会对一个公司造成严重的问题。4表示礼貌地请求，意为“能，可以”。在疑问句中could可代替can, 语气更委婉。(2016江苏卷)Can you tell us your recipe for happiness and a long life?你能告诉我们你的幸福和长寿的秘诀吗？Living
12、every day to the full, definitely.当然是过好每一天。5用于固定句式中：cant.too/enough “无论也不过分”；“越越好”。(陕西卷)I cant thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.我非常感谢你在我们不在家时对我儿子的帮助。二、may和might的用法1表示许可和请求，在疑问句中might比may的语气更委婉。Might/May I have a word with you? It wont take long.我可以和你说句话吗？不会
13、耽误你很长时间。2表示推测，意为“可能，或许”，通常用于肯定句和否定句中。(湖南卷)If you forgot to turn it off when you went away, you might burn down the house.当你离开时如果忘记关掉它，你可能把整个房子都烧毁了。3用于固定句式：may as well动词原形 “最好；倒不如”Since it is raining hard, you may as well stay here.既然雨下得这么大，你倒不如待在这儿。三、must的用法1表示义务、必要性等，意为“必须”。其否定式mustnt 意为“禁止”。(湖北卷)W
14、e must act as quickly as possible now. Just tell us whether you can undertake the task or not.现在我们必须尽快采取行动。你就告诉我们你能否承担这项任务。2表示猜测、推测，意为“想必，一定”。must常用于肯定句中，表示猜测。对现在或未来的事进行猜测时，用must do；对正在进行的事进行猜测，用must be doing；对已经发生的事进行猜测时，用must have done。(重庆卷)You must be Carol. You havent changed a bit after all the
15、se years.你一定是卡罗尔。这么多年你一点都没变。3表示偏执，固执，意为“非得，偏要”。(辽宁卷)If you must go, at least wait until the storm is over.如果你非要走，至少要等到暴风雨停了。四、shall的用法1用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。(江西卷)Shall I tell Brett to come over straight after school tomorrow?要我告诉布雷特明天放学后直接过来吗？2用于第二、第三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。(辽宁卷)One of our r
