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1、专题十九专题十九 主谓一致主谓一致 重难点分析重难点分析 主谓一致即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致 主谓一致包括语法一致 意义一致和就近一致 语法一致即谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致 意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数 保持一致 就近一致就是谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致 主语的人称和数决定谓语动词的数 一 主谓一致原则一览表一 主谓一致原则一览表 原则概念例句 语法一致 原则 指主语是单数形式 谓语动词用单数形式 主语是复 数形式 谓语也用复数形式 Steve Ember is a good player Children like toys 意义一致 原则 指主
2、语形式上为单数 但表示复数意义 谓语动词用 复数形式 或主语形式上为复数 但表示单数意义 谓语动词用单数形式 My family are having lunch now News is traveling fast nowadays 就近原则 谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式取决于最靠近它的 主语 There is a knife and two forks on the desk Either you or he is to go 二 概念归纳二 概念归纳 1 表时间 距离 金额 重量 数字等的复数名词作 整体 看时 谓语常用单数 如 Two hours is quite enough 两个
3、小时足够了 2 以 s 结尾的名词作主语时 根据其意思来接的谓语动词的单复数 表学科的名词 physics 等 书报名 the Times 等 国名 the United States 等 或组织名称 the United Nations 等 及 news 作主语时 谓语动词用单数 单复数同形的名词 如 means works 等作主语时 谓语动词的数根据具体情况而定 如 Every means has been tried 每种方法都试过了 All means have been tried 所有的方法都试过了 the Olympic Games 作主语时 谓语动词用复数 3 集体名词作主语
4、时 视其意义来决定谓语动词的单复数 people police cattle youth 等名词作主语时 谓语动词用复数 clothing furniture equipment 等名词作主语时 谓语动词用单数 family class government 等名词表示整体概念时谓语动词用单数 表单位成员时谓语动词用复数 4 a number of a variety of 复数名词 the 形容词 指一类人时 谓语动词用复数 the number of the variety of 复数名词 the 形容词 作主语指抽象的事物时 谓语动词用单数 如 The beautiful is love
5、d by all 表抽象的概念 美的事物人人都爱 5 以 and 连接的两个名词作主语时 谓语动词常用复数形式 但名词前有 each every no 修饰时 谓 语动词用单数 如 Walking and riding are good exercises 散步和骑车是很好的运动 Each boy and each girl wants to have a holiday 每个男孩与女孩都想要假期 注意 注意 当 and 连接的两个单数名词在意义上指的是同一人 物或概念时 谓语动词仍用单数 如 The teacher and writer is popular with his student
6、s 那位是作家兼老师 很受学生欢迎 指同一人 6 动名词 不定式或从句作主语时 谓语用单数 但 what 引导的主语从句视后面的表语而定 如 What we need is time 我们需要的是时间 What we need are books 我们需要的是书籍 7 主语后接 with together with including combined with along with as well as but except besides like rather than in addition to 等构成的介词短语时 谓语根据主语的单复数而定 如 John rather than hi
7、s roommates is to blame 约翰 而不是他的室友 应该收到责备 8 在 one of 复数名词 who that 引导的定语从句中的动词用复数 但当 one 之前有 the only very 等修饰时 从句中的动词用单数 如 This is one of the girls who were late for school this morning 她是今天早上上课迟到的女孩之一 This is the only one of the girls who was late for school this morning 她是唯一一个今天早上上课迟到的女 孩 9 glass
8、es shoes trousers 等复数名词若其前有 pair kind type box of 等量词修饰时 谓语根据量词的单 复数而定 如 A pair of shoes is under the bed 床下有一双鞋 10 由 a lot of lots of plenty of half of the rest of most of 名词 代词 或 分数 百分数 of 名词 作主语时 谓语动词视其所接的名词决定单复数 如 Three fifths of the books are intended for the poor students 五分之三的书是为贫困学生准备的 The r
9、est of the money belongs to you 剩下的钱是你的 11 由 or either or neither nor not only but also 等连接的名词或代词作主语及 there be 结构中 谓 语动词与它靠近的主语保持一致 如 Not only we but also the teacher likes watching the CBA basketball games 不仅是我们 还有老师也喜欢 看 CBA 篮球赛 12 不定代词 all 指人除外 many a 名词单数 more than one 名词单数 作主语时 谓语动词用单 数 如 All h
10、as been finished 所有的都完成了 All are late for the meeting 所有人开会都迟到了 More than one person has made the suggestion 不仅一个人提出了建议 考点练透考点练透 一 单句填空一 单句填空 用 be 动词或所给动词的适当形式填空 1 The United States of America one of the most developed countries in the world 2 Every means tried but in vain 3 Not only my sister but a
11、lso I good at painting Both of us good painters 4 Going to bed early a good habit 5 I who your teacher will try my best to help you out 6 All present and all going on well the chairman said 7 The old taken good care of in our country 8 An iron and steel works with some other factories to be built he
12、re 9 The number of people invited fifty but a number of them absent for different reasons yesterday 10 I as well as they ready to help you 11 What we need enough water but what they need houses 12 Her family larger than mine and her family watching TV now 13 There a big table and six chairs in the d
13、ining room 14 The rest of food leave for the rest of the students who have gone to the library 15 We need one of the students who at the meeting He is the only one of the students who speak English fluently 16 Many a student in our class pop music while many students in their class classic music lik
14、e 17 Each of them Chinese food They each Chinese food enjoy 18 The worker and writer referred to go to write a comedy 19 This kind of cartoons well in the bookstore while cartoons of that kind badly sell 20 No boy and no girl prevent by the heavy rain from taking part in the activity 二 语篇填空二 语篇填空 用括
15、号中所给词的适当形式填空 My School Life The number of teachers and students in our school 1 be about 2 000 and two thirds of the students in my class 2 be girls All 3 be going on well in my class and every boy and every girl 4 be ready to help others Li Lin is the only one of my best friends who 5 come from Gua
16、ngzhou and the rest 6 be local people Politics 7 be my favorite subject and listening to music 8 be what I often do in my spare time Whether I can be admitted to university 9 be still unknown but what I need to do now 10 be not wasting any time 三 语法填空三 语法填空 阅读下面短文 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 First Aid Kit We should all have one and in fact we should all have more than one 1 recommend state that you should carry a first aid kit in the car there should be a first aid kit in the home in the office at
