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1、专题06 情态动词和虚拟语气I.单项填空1.【2019江苏】31.What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _a good time together.A. hadB. will haveC. would have hadD. had had【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:真遗憾!你错过了这次观光,否则,我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。根据上文,可知是对过去事情的虚拟,与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为:从句:If+主语+过去完成时+其他,主句:主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他,故选C。
2、2.【2019天津】14.The workers were not better organized, otherwise they _ the task in half the time.A. accomplishedB. had accomplishedC. would accomplishD. would have accomplished【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:工人们没有被更好的组织起来,否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。根据上句the workers were not better organized可知,这是对过去事情的虚拟。与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为:从句:
3、If+主语+过去完成时+其他,主句:主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他,故选D。3.【2018北京】12. In todays information age, the loss of data _ cause serious problems for a company.A. need B. should C. can D. must【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词。句意:在今天的信息时代,数据的丢失有时会对一个公司造成严重的问题。数据丢失造成严重问题是客观上会发生的情况,即“客观可能性”,故该空应用情态动词can。C选项正确。其余情态动词均没有该用
4、法。need需要;should应该,竟然;must必须,肯定。4.【2018北京】13. They might have found a better hotel if they _ a few more kilometers.A. drove B. would drive C. were to drive D. had driven【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果他们多开几公里的话,他们也许会找到一个更好的旅馆。由“they might have found a better hotel”可知,该句是表示对过去的虚拟。if _ a few more kilometers是条件句部分
5、,表示对过去的虚拟,条件句部分要用过去完成时态,故D选项正确。5.【2018天津】15. If we _the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beachA. had caught B. caughtC. have caught D. would catch【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我们昨天赶上飞机的话,现在我们正在海滩享受我们的假日了。根据时间状语yesterday可知,从句表示与过去事实相反,故用had + v-ed。故选A。6.【2018天津】10. I cant find my purs
6、e. I_ it in the supermarket yesterday, but Im not sure.A. should leave B. must have leftC. might leave D. could have left【答案】D7.【2018江苏】27. There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _ a second chance to become more involved.A. had B. will haveC. would have had D. have had【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟
7、语气。句意:在这个村里有很好的社交生活,并且我希望我再有机会去更多的参与。本题考查wish引导的宾语从句,表示与现在事实相反的愿望,所以从句用一般过去时。故选A。8.【2018江苏】24. Itsstrangethathe_ havetakenthebookswithouttheownerspermission.A. would B. shouldC. could D. might【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:真奇怪,他竟然没有主人的允许就拿走了这些书。在句型”It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that.”中,其中
8、由that引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气,其中的should可以省略。故选B。9.【2017北京卷】21. Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, _ easily reach the books on the top shelf.A. must B. should C. can D. need【答案】C【解析】A. must 必须 B. should 应该 C. can 能 D. need 需要。句意:Samuel,我班最高的男生,能很轻松地够着书架顶上的书,此处需要一个表示能力的词,故用can,答案为C。10.【2017北京
9、卷】34. If the new safety system _ to use, the accident would never have happened. A. had been put B. were put C. should be put D. would be put【答案】A试题分析:句意:如果这个新的安全系统被投入使用过的话,这个事故就不会发生了。根据主句确定是对过去情况的虚拟,所以从句谓语用had done形式,此外根据句意可知是被动,用被动语态,故A项是正确的。11.【2017江苏卷】22. _ not for the support of the teachers, t
10、he student could not overcome her difficulty.A. It were B. Were it C. It was D. Was it【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气和倒装。虚拟语气中,be动词统一用were;虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略,同时把were/should/had提前,即Were /Should/ Had I.,故选B。句意:要不是老师们的支持,该生是无法克服她自己的困难的。12.【2017天津卷】2. My room is a mess, but I _clean it before I go out tonight. I can do
11、it in the morning.A. darentB. shouldntC. needntD. mustnt【答案】C【解析】 句意:我的房间很乱,但是在今晚我出去之前不需要打扫,我可以明天早晨再打扫。A.不敢;B.不应该;C不需要;D.不许。根据句意,故选C。13.【2017天津卷】15. Do you have Bettys phone number?Yes. Otherwise, I _able to reach her yesterday.A. hadnt been B. wouldnt have been C. werent D. wouldnt be【答案】B【解析】句意:-你
12、有贝蒂的电话号码吗?-有。否则我昨天就联系不到她了。,根据标志词otherwise,否则相当于一个条件状语从句:If I hadnt have her phone number,即对过去的虚拟的条件状语从句,可以判断出主句用wouldnt have done表示对过去情况的虚拟,故选B。14.【2016北京】31. I love the weekend, because I _ get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.A. neednt B. mustntC. wouldnt D. shouldnt【答案】A【解析】题目考查情态动词。句意:我喜欢周末,因为周
13、六和周日我不需要早起。A. neednt不需要;B. mustnt禁止;C. wouldnt不愿;D. shouldnt不应该。根据句意可知,周六、周日不用早起,故选A。考点:考查情态动词15.【2016北京】34. Why didnt you tell me about your trouble last week? If you _ me, I could have helped.A. told B. had toldC. were to tell D. would tell【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:你上周为什么没有告诉我你遇到的麻烦?如果你告诉我的话,我就可以帮你了。根据第一
14、句可知,这里是对过去发生的事情进行虚拟,if条件句的时态应该用过去完成时,故选B。16.【2016江苏】27.If itfor his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.A.had not beenB.should not beC. were not to be D. should not have been【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。本句属于错综条件句的虚拟语气。if从句表示与过去事实相反,所以使用过去完成时,主句表示与现在事实相反,所以使用“情态动词+动词原形”。句意:如果不是因为前几天他的邀请,我现在就不会在这里了。故A正确。17.【2016天津】5. It was really annoying; I _ get access to the data bank you had recommended. A. wouldnt B. couldnt C. shouldnt D. neednt【答案】B【解析】句意:这真是令人生气的;我不能进入你推荐的数据库。wouldnt不愿意;couldnt不能;shouldnt不应该;neednt不必。故选B。