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1、BattreyChemistryFundamentalsandCharacteristics SinowealthBPwxl CONTENTS Introduction 01 Li ionBatteryFundamentalsandElectricalBehavior 02 MonitoringandSafety 04 GeneralBatteryCharacteristics 03 Page 2 Li ionBatteryStructure CylindricalLi ionBatterystructure Separator cathodeandanodearearoundthecolum
2、n Page 4 18650 Li ionBatteryStructure PrismaticLi ionBatteryStructure Page 5 Li ionBatteryStructure CoinLi ionBatterystructure Page 6 Li ionBatteryStructure ThinFilmLi ionBatteryStructure 10 100umthinkness formicrominiaturedevice Page 7 Li ionBatteryStructure Page 8 Li ionBatteryStructure Li ionBatt
3、eryStructure AnodeCathodeSeparatorElectrolyteEnclosureandpackage Page 9 Li ionBatteryPerformancerequirementsofanodematerials highspecificenergyhighspecificpowerlowself dischargeratiolowcostlonglifehighsafetylevel Page 10 CapacityCalculation 1molLi Q 96500C F NA e 96500C mol 1C 1AsTakeLiFePO4forexamp
4、le TheformulaweightofLiFePO4is157 756g mol 1g 157 756g mol 96500C mol 3600s 170mAh gTheformulaweightofLiCoO2is97 88g mol 1g 97 88g mol 96500C mol 3600s 274mAh g Li ionBatteryCapacityCalculationforAnode Page 11 Li ionBatteryanodematerialsandtheirpeformances Page 12 LiCoO2 LiMn2O4 poorsafety highcost
5、Synthesisdifficult seriousattenuation LiNiO2 Li ionbatteryanodematerials Page 13 Li ionbatteryanodematerialdevelopment powerfield communicationfield LiFePO4LiMn2O4 Li ternarycompoundLiNiO2 Ni H lead acid LiCoO2 powerfield LiFePO4andLiMn2O4havetheadvantagesoflowcost minocationfield Li ternarycompound
6、andLiNiO2havehigherspecificenergy Li ionbatteryanodematerial Page 14 Li ionbatteryPerformancerequirementsofcathodematerials Li canbeembedandseperatedrapidly goodreversibilityofLi reactionwithseldomcrystalstructurechange weakelectricpotentialchangeinthereactionprocess goodsurfacetexture SolidElectrol
7、yteInterfaceFilm SEI stabilityandcompactedlargediffusioncoefficientforLi diffusionincells easytochargequickly Page 15 Li ionbatteryCathodematerials Page 16 syntheticgraphite siliconcarbonalloy Li ionbatterycathodematerialsperformance Page 17 carbonmaterialspotentialrisk Li4Ti5O12 largemountofcapacit
8、y lessexpension longcyclelifeandstoragelife surpportquickcharge etc Metallithiumisdepositedonthecarbonsurface Itcanexplosivelyreactwithavarietyofmaterials Burning explodeandgasexpansionareallprotentialsafetyproblems carbonmaterials Li4Ti5O12 Fig Li4Ti5O12SEMphotoanditschg dsgperformance Li ionbatter
9、ycathodematerials Page 18 二次锂电池正负极材料电压 容量分布图Voltageversuscapacityforpositive andnegative electrodematerialspresentlyusedorunderseriousconsiderationsforthenextgenerationofrechargeableLi basedcells Li ionbatteryelectrodeVoltage Capacitydistribution Page 19 Fig 2electrolyteproductmanufactureprocess Li
10、ionbatteryelectrolyte ElectrolyteisoneoffourmajorpartoftheLi ionbattery whichplaysanimportantroleinLi transferandhasaneffectonCapacity worktemperaturerangecycleandsafetyofthebattery Electrolyteisusually15 ofthetotalweightand32 oftotalvolume anditspurityisworthattentioninthemanufacturingprocess Page
11、20 keepliquidstateinlargetemperaturerange highLi conductivity 10 2S cm goodchemicalandheatstability hardtoevaporationandreactionwithothers highprotentialupto 4 5V vs Li Li non toxiceasytoprepare lowcost Li ionbatteryPerformancerequirementsofelectrolytematerials Page 21 safety stability compatibility
12、withcathode conductivity highdielectricconstant posedbysolventandadditive solvent Li ionbatteryelectrolytesolvent Page 22 Li ionbatteryelectrolyteadditive Page 23 1 liquidstate solution highpuritysolvent electrolyte LiPF6 additive 2 solidstate ploymer polymerlithiumionbattery LIP Li ionbatteryelectr
13、olyte Page 24 playanimprotantrolein keepanodeandcathodeseparateallowiontopassthroughitselfandchargetotransfer Li ionbatteryseparator Page 25 Li ionbatteryseparatorperformance Page 26 porousploymerthinfilm PP PE PP PE PP mechanicalproperty wettablity poreclosetemppointandfusingpointconflictnon wovenf
14、abrics Separion 无纺布型highporositynanofiberfilmSeparionthinfilmploymerelectrolytesolid gel Li ionBatterySeparator Page 27 Celgard2400separator PP 25 m 37 porosity 0 117 m 0 042 mporesize Li ionbatteryseparatorexample Page 28 Li ionBatteryCharacteristics ChemicalCapacityandEnergyBatteryImpedanceUsableC
15、apacityPowerCapabilityCycleLife Durability ShelfLifeSelf DischargeProperties Page 29 Li ionBatteryChemicalCapacity Energy Qmax Amountofchargecanbeextractedfromthefullychargedcelltotheendofdischargevoltage EDV Batterychemicalcapacity noload InUnitof Ah kg Ah l Wh kg Wh l l kg protableequipments phone
16、 pad etc ploymerLi ionBatteryAh Wh comparingdifferentbatterywithsamechemicalmaterialsinAh butWhfordifferentchemicalbattery Fig xVoltageprofileduringlow ratedischargeofbattery Page 30 Li ionBatteryBatteryImpedance BatteryImpedance dV I R aftertransientprocessNyquistplot VoltageresponsesoncurrentofdifferentfrequencyA1 impedance stretchingrealvalueofA2 3 5A5 0 5 1sA6 1000s Relaxationtime Page 31 Li ionbatteryBatteryImpedance BatteryImpedance dV I R aftertransientprocessNyquistplot Voltageresponseso
