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1、 . . 本 科 毕 业 论 文 （设 计）波普尔的语言与实在思想研究A Study on Poppers Thought of Language and Reality 姓 名 学 号 专业年级 指导教师 职 称 学习参考 . . CONTENTSExordium（1）1 The signification and function of language and reality （1）1.1 The signification and function of language（1）1.2 The relation between the third world and language（2
2、）1.3 Some analyses about reality and autonomy （4） 1.3.1 Between reality and autonomy （4） 1.3.2 Profounder discussion about autonomy and reality （4）2 The relation of language and reality（5） 2.1 Relative reality and language（6） 2.2 How logical calculus and arithmetical calculus can be applied to reali
3、ty（7） 2.3 Realism and verisimilitude （9） 2.3.1 Conjectural realism（9） 2.3.2 Some analyses about verisimilitude （10）3 Some bifurcations between Popper and Wittgenstein（10）3.1 How language can represent reality（10）3.2 Further discussion（11） Conclusion （12）References（13）Addenda （14）Appreciation（15）A St
4、udy on Poppers Thought of Language and RealityAbstractThere are three main parts in my thesis. Firstly, I will interpret the meaning and function of language and reality in Poppers philosophical thought and explain what is the status of language in his doctrine of the three worlds. Secondly, I will
5、focus on the relation of language and reality and how logical calculus and arithmetical calculus can be applied to reality. Finally, I will discuss Popper and Wittgensteins different views on the relation of language and reality.Key Words: Language Reality The third world Popper Wittgenstein波普尔的语言与实
6、在思想研究摘 要本文主要有三部分。我首先阐释语言与实在在波普尔哲学思想中的意义与功能，并且解释语言在他的三个世界理论中的地位问题。其次，我将重点讨论语言与实在的关系，以及逻辑演算与算术演算何以适用于实在。最后我将探讨波普尔与维特根斯坦在语言与实在的关系问题上的分歧。【关键词】语言 实在 第三世界 波普尔 维特根斯坦 学习参考 ExordiumNumerous scholars have kept on discussing Poppers falsificationism in the past several decades, however, few of them care for hi
7、s thought of language and reality. In this paper, I attempt to examine and remark Poppers thought of language and reality. Of course, I hope there will be more scholars discuss this theme later. There are many different kinds of meaning of language, as Popper asserts, language has four different kin
8、ds of function. I think that clarifying the meaning and function of language is just the first step for researching the relation of language and reality. There are more significant and difficult problems in the road. Thus it is an absolutely hard work to solve all of the complex puzzles, but I still
9、 would like to try my best to demonstrate something. And I will talk about Poppers conjectural realism and his viewpoint of truth. As a conjectural realist, Popper emphasizes the falsification of our knowledge, and he believes that the foregoing theories will always be falsified and replaced by the
10、later theories which have been advanced. Finally, I try to make clear some misapprehension between Popper and Wittgenstein.1 The Meaning and Function of Language and Reality1.1 The Meaning and function of languageAccording to Popper, language is coming to being as it is useful, and also a wonderful
11、tool to compare notes with our congeners. Hence we shouldnt discuss its meaning separately but connect it with its function. Popper asserts that language has four different kinds of function. Its first function is denoting or expressing. The second is stimulating or signaling. Describing is its thir
12、d function. And the last one is arguing. These four types of function are set in different ranks from low status to high status. Popper maintains that every high-class function of language can not exist without all of the low-class functions, but the low-class functions of language can exist solely
13、without any higher function. Its Popper who says The most important of human creations, with the most important feed-back effects upon ourselves and especially upon our brains, are the higher functions of human language; more especially, the descriptive function and the arguing function.1I think tha
14、t clarifying the function of language is just the first step if wanting to research the relation of language and reality completely. Both human beings language and animals language have two lower functionsself expressing and signaling, which are clearly expounded by Popper in his Objective Knowledgean evolutionary research. He asserts the self expressing or behaving function is visible: Though we dont ho
