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1、 4语法专题课 Unit1Friendship Period WarmingUp Reportsomeone swords Tomsaid Tomsaidthat Lead in 一 定义 叫直接引语 直接引语一般前后要加 叫间接引语 间接引语在多数情况下构成 从句 直接引述别人的原话 引号 用自己的话转述别人的话 宾语 Andy Myparentsareverywell I mwritingalettertomypen pal Iwanttogoawayforaholiday Johnhasgivenuphisjob IsawMaryinthestreet Ihadfinishedhomew
2、orkbeforesupper Ican tcometothepartyonFriday IwillphoneyouwhenIgetback Andysaid that hisparentswereverywell Andysaidhewaswritingalettertohispen pal Andysaidhewantedtogoawayforaholiday AndysaidJohnhadgivenuphisjob Andysaidhesaw hadseenMaryinthestreet Andysaidhehadfinishedhomeworkbeforesupper Andysaid
3、hecouldn tcometothepartyonFriday Andysaidhewouldphonemewhenhegotback 1 陈述句直接引语如果是陈述句 变为间接引语时 从句中的人称 时态 指示代词 时间状语 地点状语等要作出相应变化 StudyForrules Janesays I vereadTony sbookandIdon tunderstandit Janesaysthat readTony sbookand understandit shehas shedoesn t Note1 如果转述的谓语动词是一般现在时或将来时 间接引语的中的动词时态 不变 直接引语 间接引
4、语 2 指示代词 4 地点状语 5 方向性动词 this that these those now then today thatday thisweek thatweek yesterday thedaybefore lastweek theweekbefore fourdaysago fourdaysbefore thedaybeforeyesterday twodaysbefore tomorrow thenextday nextmonth thenextmonth here there come go bring take borrow lend 3 时间状语 Cindy What s
5、thematter Ted Cindy Haveyouhurtyourself Cindy Tryandstandup Canyoustandup Letmehelpyou Cindy Ithinkthatthedoctorhadbetterseeyou I llphoneDr Smith Ted Islippedandfelldownstairs Ted Yes Ihave IthinkthatI vehurtmyback Ted I msorry Cindy I mafraidthatIcan tgetup Ted Thankyou I msureIneedanX ray TedtoldC
6、indythat and Hethoughtthat Hewasafraidthat HewassurethatheneededanX ray He toCindyforherhelp hehadslippedand fallendownstairs hehadhurt himself hehadhurthis back hecouldn tget up showedgreat thanks CindyaskedTed andwondered Later Cindy Ted andofferedhimhelp Atthatmoment Cindythoughtthatthedoctorhadb
7、etterseehim Shesaid whatwasthematter whetherTedhadhurt himself ornot told tostandup shewould phoneDr Smith 2 疑问句直接引语为一般疑问句时 间接引语应改为由 或 引导的宾语从句 谓语动词若say said 要改为 同时 改为 的语序 直接引语如果是特殊问句 转化后的宾语从句仍然用原来的疑问词引导 宾语从句要用陈述句语序 Andy whether if ask asked 陈述句 Doesafriendalwayshavetobeaperson thewriterasksus 2 Moth
8、eraskedher Areyouveryhotwithsomanyclotheson Thewriterasksusif whetherafriendalwayshavetobeaperson Motheraskedherif whethershewasveryhotwithsomanyclotheson 3 Sheaskedme Whendotheyhavetheirdinner 4 Heaskedme Whatdoyouwant Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner HeaskedmewhatIwanted Hesaid Lighttravelsmuchfas
9、terthansound Theteachertoldus Afriendinneedisafriendindeed Thegirlsaid Igetupatsixeverymorning Hesaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound Theteachertoldusafriendinneedisafriendindeed Thegirlsaidthatshegetsupatsixeverymorning Note2 如果直接引语叙述的是客观真理 名人名言或谚语 或是所述事实现在仍然存在 仍是现在反复出现或习惯的动作时 改成间接引语时态不做任何变化 Hes
10、aid WhenIwasachild Iusuallyplayedfootballafterschool Hesaidthatwhenhewasachild heusuallyplayedfootballafterschool Jacksaid John wherewereyougoingwhenImetyouinthestreet JackaskedJohnwherehewasgoingwhenhemethiminthestreet Hesaidtome Iwasbornin1973 Hetoldmethathewasbornin1973 Note3 直接引语中有明确表示过时间的状语时 或叙
11、述的内容本身就是过去时 变成间接引语事态不变 Theteachersaidtome Youmustpaymoreattentiontoit Thedoctorsaid You dbetterdrinkplentyofwater TheteachertoldmethatImustpaymoreattentiontoit ThedoctorsaidI dbetterdrinkplentyofwater Note4 如果直接引语中含有情态动词must hadbetter以及情态动词的过去式could might should would 在变为间接引语时 这些情态动词没有时态的改变 例如 Exerc
12、ises I Changethefollowingsentencesintoindirectspeech 1 Iamhavingsupper hesaid Hesaidthat havingsupper 2 I veseenthefilm Ginasaidtome Gina methat thefilm 3 Iwenthomewithmysister shesaid Shesaidthat homewithhersister hewas toldshehadseen shehadgone 4 Theteachersaid Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon Theteacher
13、saidthatthesun biggerthanthemoon 5 Imetheryesterday hesaidtome Hetoldmethathe her 6 Youmustcomeherebeforefive hesaid HesaidthatI togo beforefive is hadmetthedaybefore hadthere 7 Wereyoubornin1979 hesaid He me I bornin1979 8 Hesaid Youcansithere Jim He Jimthathe 9 Heasked Howdidyoufindit mother Heask
14、edhismother it 10 Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays heasked Heaskedme been days askedifwas toldcouldsitthere howshehadfound whereIhadthose 1 Johnsaidthathehadwrittenbacktellinghimaboutitthedaybefore 2 IsaidthatIwouldgivehersomeadvicethenextday II Changethefollowingsentencesintodirectspeech Johnsaid Ihavewri
15、ttenbacktellinghimaboutityesterday Isaid Iwillgivehersomeadvicetomorrow 3 HetoldMarythatshewaswastinghertimeday dreaming 4 Hetoldherthatshehadalreadydoneherduty 5 Theysaidthattheyhadarrivedthatmorning HetoldMary Youarewastingyourtimeday dreaming Hetoldher Youhavealreadydoneyourduty Theysaid Wearrive
16、thismorning III TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishbyusingindirectspeech 1 汤姆说他2009年就加入了俱乐部 2 凯特问我晚上能否陪她看电影 Tomsaidthathejoinedthatclubin2009 Kateaskedmeif whetherIwouldgotothecinemawithherthatevening 3 老师说熟能生巧 4 她说等车的时候就把那本书读完了 5 警察询问他前天晚上在公园干了什么 Myteachersaidthatpracticemakesperfect Shesaidshehadfinishedreadingthebookwhileshewaswaitingforthebus Thepolicemanaskedhimwhathehaddoneintheparkthenightbefore IVMultipleChoice 1 Johnaskedme tovisithisuncle sfarmwithhim A whetherwouldIlikeB ifwould
