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1、研究生英语写作课件南京工业大学外语学院 AwritingCourseforPostgraduateStudents Unit1HowtoWriteaGoodTopicSentence AwritingCourseforPostgraduateStudents HowtoWriteaGoodTopicSentence I Atopicsentencemustcontain atopic and controllingidea s orelseitwillbedifficulttodeveloporsupportthetopc e g vague Physicalexerciseisverynec
2、cesary summary Physicalexerciseisveryneccesaryforourhealth II Atopicsentencecan tbetoospecific e g specific IdoPhysicalexerciseseveryday summary Ikonwphysicalexerciseisgoodformyhealth III Atopicsentenceshouldbeconciseandclear e g concise Ienjoywatchingthematch makingprogram FindYourSoul mate redunda
3、nt FindYourSoul mate isaveryinterestingmatch makingprogramthatIenjoywatching IV Controllingidea s arewordsthatconcernwhataspectsyouwanttodevelopthetopic whichwilldecidethecontent methodanddirectionofaparagraphoranarticle e g 1 Learningaforeignlanguagewellrequirestimeandeffort 2 Severalfactorsmaycont
4、ributetotheprogressofasociety V ThepurposeofatopicsentenceistomakeclearWhatthesubjectofaparagraphissothatyoucaneasilydevelopyoursupportingideasordetailstomakeitcompleteandconvincingtothereader s andatthesametime youwon tstrayoffthesubjectoroffthetrack Aparagraphmaybelongorshortbutusuallythreeorfours
5、entenceswillbeproper TopicSentence TopicSentenceofaText Paragraph TopicSentenceofaText Paragraph Asthetermsuggests thetopicsentenceofatext paragraphaddresseswhatthemainideaorthesisofthetext paragrphisgoingtobe Itshouldcontainthemostimportantandrelevantpointyouwishtomakeregardingyourtopic thussummari
6、zingthetext paragraphasawhole HowtoWriteaGoodTopicSentence1 Atopicsentencemustincludeyourtopicandanopinionoryourcontrollingidea Generallyspeaking topicsentencesare ShortSimpleClearGiveastrongideaOftenusephrasessuchas Oneofthemainreasonsfor Oneofthemajorfactorsin is Generallyspeaking Oneofthestronges
7、targumentsagainst infavourof is Oneofthemainadvantages disadvantagesof is Exampleparagraph1 Learningaforeignlanguagewellrequirestimeandeffort Unlikeone smothertonguewhichisheardandpracticedalmostatanytime aforeignlanguageisonlylearnedandtaughtinclass Thetimearrangementisusallyabout2to4periodsaweek w
8、hichisobviouslynotenoughforfluencyandproficiency Ideally anextratwoormorehoursareneededifyoureallywanttoseeimprovement Youneedtoreadmore listenmore speakmoretomakesomeprogresseveryday Exampleparagraph2 TheSecretofSuccessItgoeswithoutsayingthatthereisnoshortcutonone swaytosuccess Theimportantthinginl
9、ifeistohaveagoalandthedeterminationtoattainit livingwithoutagoalislikesailingwithoutacompass Thisisespeciallytrueofsomeuniversitystudents Wheninhighschool theirgoalwassimpleandclear topassthecollegeentranceexamandenteranidealuniversity Now however someofthemseemtohavelostthemselvesoncampus lackofpur
10、poseisthecauseofmostofourfailures Exampleparagraph3 Oneofthestrongestargumentsinfavouroflimitingtheamountoftimethatyoungstersspendinfrontofscreensisthatchildrenneedtobemoreactiveinordertohaveahealthylifestyle Researchshowsthatthereisanincreasingnumberofoverweightchildreninthedevelopedworldandthatthe
11、reisalinkbetweentheamountoftimespentinfrontofscreensandbeingoverweight Ifchildrenwerenotallowedtobeonscreens theywouldfindotherwaystoentertainthemselves andthiswouldincludeplayinggamesandsports Researchalsoshowsthatactivechildrengrowintoactiveadultssorestrictingscreentimeforchildrenwouldhavealifelon
12、gimpactonthepeopleconcerned HowtoWriteaGoodTopicSentence2 Anothertricktowritingagoodtopicsentenceistousenumbers ForExample Thereareseveral afewreasonswhy Therearemanystepsleadingtosuccess Severalfactorsmaycontributeto Thereareseveralwaystoimproveone sconfidence Thereisanewmethodtoreducethecost Twoca
13、usesmayexplainwhy forthreereasons Exampleparagraph1 ThereareseveralreasonswhymanyChinesestudentsfindEnglishlearningdifficult First Englishisaforeignlanguage TheyhavelittlechanceofcontactingthelanguageotherthaninanEnglishclass Second EnglishcannotalwaysmatchChinesewordforword sotheyfeelreallypuzzleda
14、nddepressedwhentheytrytospeakorwriteit LastbutnotleastisthatfewstudentscanfindachancetocommunicatewithanativespeakerthoughtheyaretoldthatEnglishisveryimportant z Exampleparagraph2 Severalfactorsmaycontributetotheprogressofasociety Thefirstandforemostshouldbethedevelopmentofeconomy Abetterandaffluent
15、lifewouldinvitealongingforastable peacefulandharmoniouslife thusrulesandregulationsareneccesarytoteachpeoplewhatshoulddoandwhatshouldnotdo Hencecamemoralityandthemakingoflawtoencourageacceptablebehaviorandconductsandpunishthosewhowoulddaretoviolatemoralityandbreakthelaw HowtoWriteaGoodTopicSentence3
16、 Topicsentencefornegativeeffects results problems consequences influences impacts implications drawbacks shortcomings disadvantages 1 Itgoeswithoutsayingthatsuch topic willbringabout entail cause produce resultin generate dreadful serious undesirable severe unhealthy bad harmful malign不良的 consequences 2 Topic willcause produce bringbaout generate anegative profound harmful malign undesirable influence effecton 3 Topic mayarouse cause produce bringabout generate panic fear terror worry amongpeopl
