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1、单元语法：非限制性定语从句(non-restrictive attributive clause)学习目标：掌握非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句的区别。重点语法解说： 非限制性定语从句是对先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句通常用逗号分开。 eg. The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这栋房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。1. 非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句比较：非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句形式上是对先行词的补充说明，删除后主句意思仍完整是先行词不可缺少的定语，不能删除译法上常译成主句的并列句译成先行词的定语
2、“的”关系词不能省略，不能用that,少用whywhich, that, who, whose, whom, why, where2. 非限制性定语从句关系词常考点回放：1） 关系词在任何情况下都不能省略。2） 不能用that 引导非限制性定语从句。who（主语），whom（宾语），which(主语，宾语)引导非限制性定语从句时也不能互换。3） 介词+which/whom+从句结构中，介词不能移到从句后边。例如：The reporter was interviewing the young man whom Mr. Wen talked with.4） 关系代词as和which引导非限制性定语
3、从句的辨析：相同：两者都可替代主句的整个内容，而不仅是主句中的某一个词。不同：as引导的非限制性定语从句既可放在主句前，又可放在主句后，有时还可插入主句中；而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能置于主句之后。as表示“正如”含义；which表示“这一点/个”含义。此外，as多用于下列习惯用语中：as anybody can see 正如人人都能看到的那样；as is well known= as is known to all 众所周知；as we had expected 正如我们所预料的那样；as often happens 正如经常发生的那样；as has been said befor
4、e 如前所述；as is mentioned above 正如上面提到的。注意：后置的定语从句是否定句或者表示否定意义时只能用which，不能用as。5） 两个需要特别注意的引导结构： “from+where”引导的定语从句 His head soon appeared out of one of the second storey windows, from where he could see what was happening on the street. 不一会儿，他从二楼的一扇窗户里探出头来，从那儿他能够看到街上所发生的事情。 “介词+when”引导的定语从句 此时when所代表的
5、常常是前面的句子所提供的时间背景。 That was in 1929, since when things have been better. 那是在1929年，从那时起情况就好转了。预习自测题 划出如下课文原句中所含定语从句，指出关系代词在从句中所作成分，并翻译整个句子。1.Xie Lei, who is 21 years old, has come to our university to study for a business qualification. ( )_2.She is halfway through the preparation year, which most for
6、eign students complete before applying for a degree course. ( )_3.You have to get used to a whole new way of life, which can take up all your concentration in the beginning, explained Xie Lei, who had lived all her life in the same city in China. ( )_4.Living with host families, in which there may b
7、e other college students, gives her the chance to learn more about the new culture. ( )_5.He wanted to know what I thought, which confused me because I thought that the author of the article knew far more than I did. ( )_课堂检测题单句语法填空，注意关系代词或关系副词的使用1. He passed the difficult exam, _ made us very surpr
8、ised.2. The house, _ roof needs repairing, belongs to my aunt.3. This is Beijing, the place _ I was born.4. She has written a book, the name of _ I have forgotten.5. There are fifty-five students in our class, all of _ are working hard.6. _ is known to all, the moon travels around the earth. 当堂训练题把下
9、列句子合并成一个含有非限制性定语从句的复合句。1.My brother, Jim, is working in Paris, and Paris is the capital of France._2.He is waiting for his passport. He spent 100 dollars on his passport._3.The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year and 80% of them are sold abroad._翻译句子(用非限制性定语从句翻译句子)1. 他通过了期末考试，这
10、让我们很高兴。2. 她是一个可爱的女孩，我们都喜欢她。3.他是新房子很大，坐落在山脚下。课后练习题一、语法填空(使用关系代词或关系副词填空)When Willbur Wright was eleven years old and his younger brother Orville was seven, their father brought a home gift for them. It was a small flying machine_1_ flew like helicopters of today. The motor was a rubber band _2_ had to
11、 be turned many times until it was tight. Willbur and Orville played with their new toy together. Finally, the paper tore and the rubber band broke. They made another one, _3_ was too heavy to fly. Their first flying machine failed. But the Wright brothers never stopped thinking about flying machine
12、s.In 1899, the Wright brothers decided to learn about different kinds of flying machines_4_ had been designed and tested through many years. They read many books about people _5_ sailed through the air under huge balloons. They also read about people _6_ tried to fly on gliders(滑翔机)planes with wings
13、, but no motors.Then they began to design their own flying machine. In 1900, the Wright brothers tested a glider _7_ could carry a person. On December 17, 1903, they made the worlds first flight in a machine_8_ was heavier then air and powered by an engine. Few newspapers, however, noted the event.The Wright brothers became famous almost five year
