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1、动词的时态和语态 2020 2 18 Contents 动词的时态易混时态辨析动词的语态 一 动词的时态 时态 动作发生的 和所处的 语态 主语和谓语之间的关系 时间 状态 过去 现在 过去将来 将来 完成进行 进行 完成 一般 16 11 1 一般式 do does be am is are am is are done every often usually always 1 Ihaveclassat8everyday 2 Thesunrisesintheeast didwas were was were done yesterday lastweek 1 Ihadclassat8last
2、Friday 2 Hesaidthesunrisesintheeastyesterday willdo be begoingtobedone willbedone begoingtodo tomorrownextFridayinthefuture 1 MyteachertoldmethatIwouldhaveclassat8onTuesday 1 Iwillhaveclassat8tomorrow woulddo be was weregoingtodo wouldbedone was weregoingtobedone betodo beabouttodo was wereabouttodo
3、 was weretodo 2 Ithoughtitwasgoingtorain 2 ThespeakingcontestistobeheldnextFriday done did 动词的基本形式的变化 see finish teach touch 一般情况 以ch sh s x结尾 以o结尾 以 辅音字母 y 结尾 s es es 变y为i es look looks write writes teach teaches fix fixes go goes do does cry cries fly flies 一般情况 以不发音e结尾 辅元辅结尾的重读闭音节 以 辅音字母 y 结尾 ed
4、d 双写最后辅音字母 ed 变y为i ed stay stayed shock shocked stop stopped admit admitted decide decided hope hoped try tried carry carried 常用不规则动词 held held holding wrote written writing told told telling spoke spoken speaking saw seen said said saying began begun beginning caught caught catching taught taught t
5、eaching left left leaving made made making stuck stuck sticking struck struck striking flew flown flying Acollegeistypicallyafour yearschoolthat offer undergraduatedegrees Shennongoncetried74differentkindsofpoisonousplantsinadayandhe lie ontheground barelyalive Childrenyoungerthan12 onlytoplaythegam
6、eforamaximumofonehouraday andafter9pm theywouldbebannedfromloggingon saidTencent offers lay wouldbeallowed Asitisknowntoall theGreatWallisthemostfamousplacesofinterestinChina Everybodywantstogothere butIamnoexception Then thissummervacation thedayIhavebeenlookingforwardtocomingatlast Igotupveryearly
7、thatdayandsetoffwithmybrotherTimfollowedbehind 6 Inthepasttwoyears studyoccupiedmostofmytime came had place and following hasoccupied 写作假如你是李华 你的英国笔友Peter来信询问中国70周年国庆的庆祝活动 请你给他回一封信 内容包括 1 学校组织合唱比赛 2 电视观看阅兵 themilitaryparade 翻译以下句子 1 为了表达对祖国的热爱 我们学校举办了合唱比赛 2 每个班级都被要求选择一首关于爱国的歌曲来参加比赛 3 绝大部分中国人都在电视上或网络
8、上观看了阅兵的直播 Inordertoshowourloveforourmotherland myschoolheldasingingcompetition Everyclasswasrequiredtochooseasongaboutlovingourmotherlandtocompeteagainsteachother MostpeopleinChinawatchedthelivebroadcastoftheparadeonTVorontheInternet 2 进行式 某一时刻 阶段正在进行的动作或状态 am is aredoing am is arebeingdone now atth
9、ismomentallthetimethesedays 1 I mwritingtoinviteyou 2 Aletterisbeingwrittenbyme was weredoing was werebeingdone at8yesterday 1 Iwashavingclassat8yesterday 2 HomeworkwasbeingdonebyTomwhileyouweresleeping willbedoing at8tomorrowatthistimenextweek 1 IwillbehavingEnglishclassat8tomorrow 2 Youwillbeenjoy
10、ingyourcollegelifeatthistimenextyear 动词的基本形式的变化 一般情况 以不发音e结尾 辅元辅结尾的重读闭音节 ing 去e ing 双写最后辅音字母 ing think thinking read reading write writing make making run running cut cutting 感觉类 look smell feel sound taste see hear情感类 like love prefer admire 钦佩 hate fear adore心态类 wish hope want need believe underst
11、and remember forget agree know状态类 appear lie 位于 remain belongto have 有 1 有些动词不用于进行体 2 某些动词的现在进行时表将来时 表示按计划 安排近期将要发生的动作1 I mdying 2 I mleavingforBeijingnextmonth 3 Thebusiscoming 1 Ofthenineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations threearedeclining six be stable oneisincreasing andninelackenoughdata 2 T
12、here be sixty sixunprovoked 无端的 sharkbiteincidentsaroundtheworldin2018 3 Traditionally sharkfinsoup believe tohavehealthbenefitsandisquietspecialinChina are were isbelieved 4 TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005 whenthegovernment start asoil testingprogramthat whichgivesspecificfertil
13、izerrecommendationstofarmers and2011 fertilizerusedroppedby7 7milliontons 5 Thestudentshavebeenworkinghardontheirlessonsandtheirefforts award withsuccessintheend 6 WhenweareintheGrandCanyon welostcontactwithourguidebuteveryonewasworried started willbeawarded were and Mostofusholdtheview 1 theworld s
14、oldestcolorisblackordarkgrey However scientistshavediscoveredthatbrightpinkistheoldestknowncolor Theylookat1 1billion year oldrocksdeepbeneaththeSaharaDesert 2 make powderfromtherocks thentheyfoundabrightpinkcolor DrNurGueneli 3 camefromtheAustralianNationalUniversityledtheresearch Shesaidit 4 produ
15、ce byancientorganisms 有机体 thatlivedintheoldocean Atthattime tinyorganismswere 5 largestlifeformsontheearth that Havingmade who wasproduced the 3 完成式 1 过去一段时间之内发生的动作 2 过去发生的事对现在有影响 have hasdone have hasbeendone already since sofar just yet recently inthepastyears for 一段时间 1 Inthepastfewyears greatcha
16、ngeshavetakenplaceinmyhometown 2 ThingshavechangedsinceIcamehere 1 过去的某一时间点之前已经完成的动作 即过去的过去 haddone hadbeendone before by until bytheendof 过去的时间 1 ShehadpickedupsomeChinesebeforeshecametoChina 2 Shesaidthattheyhadhiddenfor25years 2 表 本打算 3 Ihadintended hoped meanttogiveup 到将来某一时间某一动作之前将会完成 willhavedone willhavebeendone by 将来的某个时间 Bythistimeofnextyear allofyouwillhavebecomecollegestudents 常使用完成体的结构 This It Thatisthefirst timethatsb have hasdone This It Thatwasthefirst timethatsb haddone It Thisis
