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1、专题三 阅读理解 真题感悟名师点津随堂限时练 第二节 推理判断题 一 细节推断题 PART 1 真题感悟 2019 江苏 C Who cares if people think wrongly that the Internet has had more important influences than the washing machine Why does it matter that people are more impressed by the most recent changes It would not matter if these misjudgments were ju
2、st a matter of people s opinions However they have real impacts as they result in misguided use of scarce resources The fascination with the ICT Information and Communication Technology revolution represented by the Internet has made some rich countries wrongly conclude that making things is so yest
3、erday that they should try to live on ideas This belief in post industrial society has led those countries to neglect their manufacturing sector 制造业 with negative consequences for their economies Even more worryingly the fascination with the Internet by people in rich countries has moved the interna
4、tional community to worry about the digital divide between the rich countries and the poor countries This has led companies and individuals to donate money to developing countries to buy computer equipment and Internet facilities The question however is whether this is what the developing countries
5、need the most Perhaps giving money for those less fashionable things such as digging wells extending electricity networks and making more affordable washing machines would have improved people s lives more than giving every child a laptop computer or setting up Internet centres in rural villages I a
6、m not saying that those things are necessarily more important but many donators have rushed into fancy programmes without carefully assessing the relative long term costs and benefits of alternative uses of their money In yet another example a fascination with the new has led people to believe that
7、the recent changes in the technologies of communications and transportation are so revolutionary that now we live in a borderless world As a result in the last twenty years or so many people have come to believe that whatever change is happening today is the result of great technological progress go
8、ing against which will be like trying to turn the clock back Believing in such a world many governments have put an end to some of the very necessary regulations on cross border flows of capital labour and goods with poor results Understanding technological trends is very important for correctly des
9、igning economic policies both at the national and the international levels and for making the right career choices at the individual level However our fascination with the latest and our under valuation of what has already become common can and has led us in all sorts of wrong directions 语篇解读 对于新科技作
10、用的误判可能会误导人们对已有的技术的认识和使 用 影响对社会的认知 61 Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to A a lack of confidence in technology B a slow progress in technology C a conflict or public opinions D a waste of limited resources 解析 细节理解题 根据第二段中的 However they have real impacts as they result in misg
11、uided use of scarce resources 可知 对于新技术影响的误 判导致了对于稀缺资源的误用 故选D 62 The example in Paragraph 4 suggests that donators should A take people s essential needs into account B make their programmes attractive to people C ensure that each child gets financial support D provide more affordable Internet facili
12、ties 解析 推理判断题 根据第四段中的 The question however is whether this is what the developing countries need the most Perhaps giving money for those less fashionable things such as digging wells extending electricity networks and in rural villages 可知 作者想通过事例说明捐赠者应该考虑 人们的基本要求 而不要片面地认为有了高科技产品 受赠者的生活水平就 会产生巨大飞跃 故本
13、题答案为A 63 What has led many governments to remove necessary regulations A Neglecting the impacts of technological advances B Believing that the world has become borderless C Ignoring the power of economic development D Over emphasizing the role of international communication 解析 细节理解题 根据第五段内容可知 随着通信和交
14、通运输技术的发展 人们认为我们生活在一个 无国界的世界 由此许多政府取消了一些必 要的规则 故本题答案为B 64 What can we learn from the passage A People should be encouraged to make more donations B Traditional technology still has a place nowadays C Making right career choices is crucial to personal success D Economic policies should follow technolo
15、gical trends 解析 推理判断题 通读全文 尤其是根据文章最后一段中的 However our fascination wrong directions 可知 我们对于最新技术的入迷 和对于 已经普遍存在的技术作用的低估会将我们引向错误的方向 即传统的技术在 当今仍有着重要的作用 故B项符合文意 PART 2 名师点津 一 题型解读 细节推断题要求考生根据语篇内容 推断具体细节 如时间 地点 人物关系 人物身份 事件等 一般可根据短文提供的信息 或者借助生活常识进行推理判 断 考生只有正确把握文章的内在关系 理解文章的真正含义 才可能作出准确 的推断 题干主要包括六个动词 infer
16、 推断 indicate 象征 暗示 imply 暗示 suggest 暗示 conclude 作出结论 和assume 假定 设想 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现 1 It can be inferred from the text that 2 We can learn from the passage that 3 It can be concluded from the passage that 4 The writer author indicates suggests implies that 二 解题技巧 关键词句细推敲 第一步 定位细节 根据题干提供的信息 抓住某一段话的关键信息 关键 词语 第二步 揣摩细节 对原文中的信息进行分析 推理判断 利用逆向思维 和正向推理 从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义 注意 1 切勿拿文章中的某一个细节内容作为推理的结论 2 勿脱离原文而凭个人看法主观臆断 例如 真题感悟 中的第62题 根据第四段中的 The question however is whether this is what the developing countr
