《人体解剖学 上肢解剖》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《人体解剖学 上肢解剖（100页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、The upper limb 山东大学医学院 解剖教研室 李振华 The muscles of back Superficial group nTrapezius 斜方肌 nLatissimus dorsi 背阔肌 nLevator scapulae 肩胛提肌 nRhomboideus菱形肌 Deep group nErector spinae 竖脊肌 nSplenius 夹肌 nThoracolumbar fascia 胸腰 筋膜 The muscles of thorax Extrinsic muscles nPectoralis major 胸大肌 nPectoralis minor 胸
2、小肌 nSerratus anterior 前锯肌 Intrinsic muscles nIntercostales externi 肋间外肌 nIntercostales interni 肋间内肌 nIntercostales intimi 肋间最内肌 Major muscles of the trunk Trapezius nOrigin superior nuchal line external occipital protuberance ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of seventh cervical and all thorac
3、ic vertebrae nInsertion lateral third of clavicle acromion and spine of scapulartery nActon upper fibers elevate scapula lower fibers depress scapula if scapula is fixed one side acting along draws head toward the same side and turn face to opposite side both sides together draw head directly backwa
4、rd Latissimus dorsi nOrigin spinous processes of lower six thoracic and all lumbar vertebrae median sacral crest and posterior part of iliac crest nInsertion floor of intertubercular groove of humerus nAction trunk fixed extends adducts and medially rotates arm arm fixed elevates trunk Erector spina
5、e n Position fills the vertebral groove on each side of the spine n Action extends vertebral column draw head backwar Pectoralis major nOrigin medial half of clavicle sternum 1th 6th costal cartilages nInsertion crest of greater tubercle of humerus nAction flexes adducts and rotates arm medially arm
6、 fixed elevates trunk elevates ribs 1 6 aidding in forced inspiration The Muscles of Upper Limb Muscles of shoulder nDeltoid nsupraspinatus nInfraspinatus nTeres minor nTeres major nsubscapularis Muscles of arm nAntererior group qBiceps brachii 肱二头肌 qCoracobrachiali s喙肱肌 qBrachialis 肱肌 nPosterior gr
7、oup triceps brachii肱三头肌 Muscles of forearm nSuperficial layer qBrachioradialis 肱桡肌 qPronator teres 旋前圆肌 qFlexor carpi radialis 桡侧腕屈肌 qPalmaris longus 掌长肌 qFlexor carpi ulnaris 尺侧腕屈肌 nThird layer qFlexor digitorum profundus 指深屈肌 qFlexor pollicis longus 拇长屈肌 nFourth layer pronator quadratus 旋前 方肌 Acti
8、on flex radiocarpal joint and fingers pronate forearm nSecond layer flexor digitorum superficials 指浅屈肌 Posterior group 10 nSuperficial layer 5 qExtensor carpi radialis longus 桡侧腕长伸肌 qExtensor carpi radialis brevis 桡侧腕短伸肌 qExtensor digitorum 指 伸肌 qExtensor digiti minimi 小指伸肌 qExtensor carpi ulnaris 尺
9、侧腕屈肌 Deep layer 5 nSupinator旋后肌 nAbductor pollicis longus 拇长展肌 nExtensor pollicis brevis 拇短伸肌 nExtensor pollicis longus 拇长伸肌 nExtensor indicis 示指伸肌 nAction extend radiocapral joint and fingers and supinate forearm Muscles of hand nLateral group thenar 鱼际 4 qAbductor pollicis brevis拇短展肌 qFlexor polli
10、cis brevis 拇短屈肌 qOpponens pollicis 拇对掌肌 qAdductor pollicis 拇收肌 nAction flex abduct adduct and oppose thumb nMedial group hypothenar 3 qAbductor digiti minimi 小指展肌 qFlexor digiti minimi brevis小指短屈 肌 qOpponens digiti minimi小指对掌肌 nAction flex abduct and oppose little finger Intermedial group nLumbrical
11、es 蚓状肌 4 flex fingers at MP joints extend fingers at IP joints nPalmar interossei 骨间掌 侧肌 3 adduct fingers towards middle finger at MP joints nDorsal interossei 骨间背 侧肌 3 abduct fingers away from middle finger at MP joints Major muscles of upper limb Deltoid nOrigin lateral third of clavicle acromion
12、and spine of scapula nInsertion deltoid tuberosity of humerus nAction abducts flexes and medically rotates extends and laterally rotates arm Teres major nOrigin dorsal surface of inferior angle of scapula nInsertion crest of lesser tubercle of humerus nAction medially rotates and adducts arm Biceps
13、brachii nOrigin long head supraglenoid tubercle short head coracoid process nInsertion radical tuberosity nAction supinator of forearm flexor of elbow joint weak flexor of should joint Pronator teres nOrigin medical epicondyle of humerus and deep fascia of forearm nInsertion middle of lateral surfac
14、e of radius nAction pronation of forearm and flexion of elbow Triceps brachii nOrigin long head infraglenoid tubercle lateral head above groove for radical n medical head below groove for radical n nInsertion olecranon of ulna nAction extends elbow joint long head can extend and adduct shoulder join
15、t Supinator nOrigin lateral epicondyle of humerus and upper part of lateral border of ulna nInsertion upper third of anterior surface of radius nAction supination of forearm Arteries of upper limb Axillary artery nContinuation of subclavian artery at lateral border of first rib nBecomes brachial art
16、ery at lower border of teres major nDivided into three parts by overlying pectoralis minor qFirst portion above muscle gives rise to thoracoacromial a 胸肩峰动脉 qSecond portion behind muscle gives rise to lateral thoracic a 胸外侧 动脉 qThird portion below muscle gives rise to subscapular a 肩胛下动脉 anterior and posterior humeral circumflex a 旋肱前 后动脉 the former then divides into throcodorsal a 胸背动脉 and circumflex scapular a 旋肩胛动脉 Brachial artery nContinuation of axillary artery nDivides into radial and ulna
