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1、第7讲特殊句式考点一倒装句(一)完全倒装1表示时间、地点、方位和动作转移的副词，如：there，here，now，then，up，down，out，in，away位于句首，句子谓语是go，come，run等不及物动词，可将谓语全部置于主语之前。但主语是人称代词时，不倒装。There remains the possibility that mistakes have been made.仍然有已经出错的可能。Look！From opposite the street come two kids, screaming in panic.看！两个孩子从街对面过来，(他们)惊慌地尖叫着。2当句首状语
2、为表示地点的介词短语时，也常常用全部倒装。South of the city lies a factory.城市的南面有家工厂。3such作表语置于句首时，也常常用全部倒装。Such was Einstein，a simple man but a great scientist.这就是爱因斯坦，一位朴实而又伟大的科学家。4表语置于句首时，倒装结构为“表语连系动词主语”。(1)形容词连系动词主语Present at the meeting were some experts.到会的是一些专家。(2)过去分词连系动词主语Gone are the days when we walked to wor
3、k.我们步行上班的时代一去不复返了。(3)介词短语连系动词主语Among the goods are flowers，candles and toys.货物中有花，蜡烛和玩具。(二)部分倒装1句子以never，seldom，rarely，little，hardly，scarcely等表示否定意义的副词以及by no means，not until，not only，not a word，not a single，on no condition，in no case等表示否定意义的词组开头，要用部分倒装语序。Never will he come back to the factory.他永远也不
4、会回到这家工厂了。Not only do the nurses want a pay increase，they want reduced hours as well.护士们不仅想要增加报酬，她们也想要减少工作时间。2当句子用so，nor，neither开头，说明前面一句话中的情况也适用于另外一些人或物时，主语和谓语部分倒装。Tom likes English，and so do I.汤姆喜欢英语，我也喜欢英语。3在so/such.that引导的结果状语从句中，为了强调，把so/such提到句首时，主谓要倒装。So moved was she that she could not say a
5、word.她感动得一句话都说不出来。So fast does he run that he is far ahead of others.他跑得那么快以至于远远超过了其他人。4as/though引导让步状语从句时句子要用倒装语序，即要将从句中的表语、状语或从句中的动词提到as/though的前面。在as/though引导的让步状语从句中，作表语的单数可数名词前不用加任何冠词。Child as he is，he knows a lot.尽管他是个孩子，但他懂得很多。5在省略if的虚拟条件句中，were，had或should要提到句首构成倒装。Had you come a few minutes
6、earlier，you would have seen him.如果你早来几分钟，你就能看见他了。6当only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时，采用部分倒装形式。要注意“only主语”用在句首时不倒装。Only when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home.直到莉莉走进办公室，她才意识到自己把合同落在家里了。Only you can help me.只有你能帮助我。7用于某些表示祝愿的句子。May you succeed！祝你成功！8neither.nor
7、.连接两个并列分句时，这两个分句都要用倒装形式。Neither do I know it，nor do I care about it.我既不知道这件事，也不关心这件事。对点演练单句语法填空1(2019湖北荆州中学四次质检)Only then did we realize there was an earthquake.I was too frightened to move.2(2019四川部分名校联测)At the top of the hill lies (lie) an old cottage which has a wonderful view of the whole city.3
8、Next door to ours live (live) a black couple，who seem to have settled in this community for quite a long time.4The parents didnt tolerate their kidsrudeness at the party；nor did they allow themselves to be disobeyed.5Absurd as/though it might sound，everyone present was amused by his adventure story
9、in Africa.考点二强调1强调句型的基本结构：It is/was被强调的部分that/who句子其他部分。该句型可对句子的主语、表语、宾语、状语等进行强调。当被强调部分是人，且作主语时，可用who或that，其他情况下一律用that。It is only by listening to and understanding each other that problems between parents and children can be settled.只有通过倾听和相互理解，父母和孩子之间的问题才可能被解决。强调主语时，要注意连接词和谓语的一致性。It is our teacher
10、 who/that helps us make great progress.正是我们的老师帮助我们取得了很大的进步。2强调句型的一般疑问句结构：Is/Wasit被强调的部分that/who句子其他部分？Was it in the park that he met our new teacher?他是在公园里遇到我们的新老师的吗？3强调句型的特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词is/wasitthat句子其他部分？When was it that he made up his mind to take this course?他是什么时候决定选修这门课程的？由疑问词引导的强调结构在句中作宾语从句时，从句
11、必须使用陈述语序。She doesnt know who it was that saved her son. 她不知道是谁救了她的儿子。4not.until的强调句型结构：It is/was not until.that句子其他部分。It was not until he got home 30 minutes later that he found he had left his bag in the taxi.直到他到家三十分钟后他才发现他把包落在了出租车上。5强调谓语动词用助动词do，does或did来强调谓语动词，用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定的陈述句中，do还可以用于祈使句。Sh
12、e did tell me her address，but I forgot all about it.她确实告诉过我她的地址，但我全忘了。对点演练单句改错1(2020南昌模拟)It was in New Zealand where Elizabeth first met Carl.wherethat2(2020福州模拟)He does help us clean the classroom yesterday.doesdid3Where did you begin to know each other?It was on the farm that we worked.thatwhere考点
13、三其他特殊句式(一)省略1状语从句中的省略在as if，if，though，when，where，while，no matter what，until等引导的状语从句中，若谓语部分含be动词，而主语又与主句的主语一致或从句主语是it时，从句的主语和谓语中的be动词可以一起省略。All the photographs in this book，unless (the photographs are) stated otherwise，date from the 1950s.这本书里所有的照片，除非有说明，否则，都要追溯到20世纪50年代。2动词不定式的省略在主动语态中，感官动词或使役动词后接不定
14、式作补足语时，往往将不定式符合to省略；在同一句话或同一情景对话中，当同一动作再次出现在后面的不定式位置上时，通常省略该动作而保留不定式符号to。The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police not to.那名司机想把车停靠在路边，但是警察不允许他这样做。3常用的省略结构(二)祈使句祈使句的基本用法如下：祈使句用来表达说话人的请求、命令、建议、劝告等。祈使句的主语一般为第二人称(通常省略)。有时也可用everybody，someone，anybody等不定代词。祈使句表示假设的情况
15、：“祈使句and陈述句(一般将来时)”。(1)名词词组and陈述句名词词组中通常含有more，another，further，earlier等词。One step further and youll fall down.再多走一步，你就会摔倒。Just a little more patience and well look into it soon.再耐心点儿，我们很快就会调查此事。(2)祈使句破折号陈述句Try some of this juiceperhaps youll like it.尝尝这种果汁，也许你会喜欢它的。(三)感叹句感叹句的3种常见句式1What(a/an)形容词名词主语谓语！What beautiful flowers they are!多么美丽的花啊！2How形容词a/an可数名词主语谓语！How clever a boy he is！What a clever boy he is!
