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1、1 2017年高考浙江卷英语试题 第二部分阅读理解 共两节 满分35 分 第一节 共10 小题 每小题2 5 分 满分25 分 A Benjamin West the father of American painting showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age But he did not know about brushesbefore a visitor told him he neededone In those days a brush was made from camel shair There we
2、re no camels nearby Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead He cut some fur from the family catto make a brush The brush did not last long Soon Benjamin neededmore fur Before long the cat began to look ragged 蓬乱 His father said that the cat must be sick Benjamin was forced to admit what he
3、 had beendoing The cat slot was about to improve That year one of Benjamin scousins Mr Pennington came to visit He was impressed withBenjamin sdrawings When he went home he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes He also sent six engravings 版画 by an artist These were the first pictures and fir
4、st real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen In 1747 when Benjamin was nine years old Mr Pennington returned for another visit He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift He asked Benjamin sparents if he might take the boy to Philadelphia for a visit In the city Mr Pennington gave Benj
5、amin materials for creating oil paintings The boy begana landscape 风景 painting William Williams a well known painter cameto seehim work Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home The books were long and dull Benjamin could read only a little having b
6、een a poor student But he later said Those two books were my companions by day and under my pillowat night While it is likely that he understood very little of the books they were his introduction to classical paintings The nine year old boy decided then that he would be an artist 21 What is the tex
7、t mainly about A Benjamin svisit to Philadelphia 2 B Williams influence on Benjamin C The beginning of Benjamin slife asan artist D The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington 22 What doesthe underlined sentencein paragraph 3 suggest A The cat would be closely watched B The cat would get some med
8、ical care C Benjamin would leave his home shortly D Benjamin would have real brushessoon 23 What did Pennington do to help Benjamin develop his talent A He took him to seepainting exhibitions B He provided him with painting materials C He senthim to a school in Philadelphia D He taught him how to ma
9、ke engravings 24 Williams two books helped Benjamin to A master the useof paints B appreciate landscapepaintings C get to know other painters D make up his mind to be a painter 解析 试题分析 本文属于记叙文 主要讲了美国绘画之父Benjamin 在决定要成为一名画家之前 的经历 24 D 解析 细节理解题 根据最后一段 While it is likely that he understood very little
10、of the books they were his introduction to classical paintings The nine year old boy decided then that hewould be an artist 可知 这两本书帮助Benjamin 坚定了自己成为一名画 家的决心 故选D 深化拓展 本文后两个小题考查了细节题 在完成细节题时 要特别注意排除干扰项 如23 题中的 D 项 He taught him how to make engravings 属于 偷梁换柱 类干扰项 根据第三段第 3 五句 He also sent six engraving
11、s by an artist 可知 这些版画是Pennington 送给 Benjamin 的 并非是Pennington 教 Benjamin 如何画版画 说明D 项明显错误 干扰项的设置通常有以下几种方式 1 张冠李戴 命题者把文章作者的观点与他人的观点混淆起来 题干问的是作者的观点 选项中出现的却是他人的观点 或者题干问的是他人的观点 选项中出现的却是作者的观 点 2 偷梁换柱 干扰项用了与原文相似的句型结构和大部分相似的词汇 却在不易引人注意 的地方换了几个词汇 造成句意的改变 3 无中生有 干扰项往往是生活的基本常识和普遍接受的观点 但在原文中并无相关的信 息支持点 这种选项的设置往
12、往与设问毫不相干 4 以偏概全 考生在做猜测文章中心思想 给文章添加标题或推理判断题时 往往会犯以 偏概全的错误 产生这类错误的原因是考生受思维定势的影响或考虑不周 以局部代替整 体 其具体表现为合理关联与不合理关联 准确概括与不准确概括之间的错位 不合理关 联就是表层理解与深层理解相混淆 表层理解是对文章中客观事实的感知和记忆 往往是 文章中直接表述的结论 深层理解则是对文章中的客观事实进行逻辑推理 总结或概括后 得出的结论 不准确概括是指不能准确地按题目要求概括或提取文中的表层或深层信息 考点 考查记叙文阅读 B Getting less sleep has become a bad ha
13、bit for most American kids Accordingto a new survey 调查 by the National Sleep Foundation 51 of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights even though they have to get up early Last year the Foundation reported that nearly 60 of 7 to 12 year olds said they felt tired during the da
14、y and 15 said they had fallen asleepat school How much sleep you need dependsa lot on your age Babies need a lot of rest most of them sleep about 18 hours a day Adults need about eight hours For most school age children ten hours is ideal 理想的 But the new National Sleep Foundation survey found that 3
15、5 of 10 to 4 12 year olds get only seven or eight hours And guesswhat almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime Watch TV More children are going to bed with TVs on and there are more opportunities 机会 to stay awake with more homework the Internet and the phone says Dr Mary Carskado
16、n a sleep researcherat Brown University Medical School She says theseactivities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep Other experts say part of the problem is chemical Changing levels ofbody chemicals called hormones not onlymake teenagers bodies develop adult characteristics but also make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep before 11 pm Becausesleepinessis such aproblem for teenagers some school districts have decided to start high school classesl
