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1、名词性从句 主语 be 表语 主语 do 宾语 名 词 名 词 名词性从句 名词性从句在功能上相当于名词 主语 His job is important What he does is important 表语 This is his job This is what he does every day 宾语 I don t like his job I don t like what he does every day 同位语 I don t know about the man Mr White I don t know about the fact that he is a teache
2、r 什么叫名词性从句 在句子中起在句子中起名词名词作用的句子叫名词从句作用的句子叫名词从句 Noun ClausesNoun Clauses 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组名词从句的功能相当于名词词组 它在它在 复合句中能担任复合句中能担任主语 宾语 表语 同主语 宾语 表语 同 位语位语等等 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能 名因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能 名 词从句又可分别称为词从句又可分别称为主语从句 宾语从主语从句 宾语从 句 表语从句句 表语从句和和同位语从句同位语从句 名词性从句 noun clause 主语从句 subject clause 宾语从句 object clause 表
3、语从句 predicative clause 同位语从句 appositive clause 连接词 1 只起连接作用不作任何成分 和 其中whether 和 if 有是否之意 e g She asked me She asked me she could she could borrow these books borrow these books He told us they were good doctors 2 连接代词 作主语 宾语 表语和定语 指事物 和 区别 无范围 有范围 强调哪一个 指人 和 3 连接副词 作状语 指时间 地点 原因 方式 tha t if whetheri
4、f whether thatwhether if what whichwhat which whowhomwhose when where why how 疑问词 ever与疑问 词的区别是什么 疑问词 ever anything that 或 anyonewho whom Object Clauses 宾语从句 宾语从句的概念 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语 句子结构 主句 连词 引导词 宾语从句 一 连词 引导词 一 连词 引导词 1 1 当宾语从句是陈述句时 包括肯定句和当宾语从句是陈述句时 包括肯定句和 否定句 连词由否定句 连词由thatthat引导 因为引导 因为thatthat在
5、从在从 句中不作任何成分 也没有任何具体意思 句中不作任何成分 也没有任何具体意思 因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略 v vLin Tao feelsLin Tao feels that that his own team is even better his own team is even better v vShe She sayssays that that she she won t won t take take part part in in the the sports sports meeting next Sunday meeting next
6、Sunday v vJim Jim thoughtthought that that the the train train was was like like a a big big moving party moving party 宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下不能 省略 1 当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时 第二个that不能省 2 当that作介词 except but in 宾语时 that不 可省掉 3 用it做形式宾语的宾语从句 Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried The reason
7、 lies in that she works harder than the others do I think it necessary that you should read English aloud 常见的it作形式宾语的结构有 find make think consider believe feel it adj n that从句 to do doing 在主句为动词在主句为动词bebe加某些形容词 如加某些形容词 如 sorry sorry sure sure afraid afraid gladglad等 作表语时 后面等 作表语时 后面 所跟的省略所跟的省略thattha
8、t的从句也可算是宾语从句的从句也可算是宾语从句 v vI m sorryI m sorry that that I don t know I don t know v vWe re sureWe re sure that that our team will win our team will win v vI m afraidI m afraid that that he won t pass the exam he won t pass the exam That 作连接词时 除少数介词外 从句一般不能作介 词的宾语 that引导的从句如果作其他介词的宾语 需 用it作形式宾语 而把tha
9、t从句后置 e g You may depend on it that I will always love you 类似用法 e g I hate it when people speak with their mouth full I appreciate it if you help me with my homework demand order suggest decide insist desire request command等表示要求 命令 建议 决定等意义的动词 后 宾语从句中谓语常用 should 动词原形 should 可以 省略 The commander order
10、ed that troops should set off at once They commanded our cellphones during the meeting A turned off B could be turned off C be turned off D turn off 注意动词doubt的否定结构和疑问句才可以接that从句 I don t doubt that he will be against the idea I doubt whether if he will be against the idea Do you doubt that I can fini
11、sh it on time C 2 2 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时 由连词当宾语从句是一般疑问句时 由连词whetherwhether 或或if if引导 口语中常用引导 口语中常用if if 因为 因为if whetherif whether翻翻 译成 译成 是否是否 具有一定的意义 所以不能省 具有一定的意义 所以不能省 略略 v vLily wanted to knowLily wanted to know if whetherif whether her grandmaher grandma liked the handbag liked the handbag v vLet s see
12、Let s see if whetherif whether we can find out somewe can find out some information about that city information about that city v vShe asked meShe asked me if whetherif whether she could borrowshe could borrow these books these books whether与if的辨用 表 是否 时 在下列情况下用whether a 主语从句 b 表语从句 c 同位语从句 d 介词后的宾语
13、从句 e 后接动词不定式 whether to do sth f whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句 时不用if Practice time if whether 1 I asked her she had a bike 3 We re worried about he is safe 4 I don t know he is well or not 5 I don t know or not he is well 8 I don t know to go if whether whether whether if whether whether 3 3 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句
14、时 由连接代当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时 由连接代 词 词 what what who who whom whom which which whosewhose 或连 或连 接副词 接副词 when when where where how how whywhy 引导 引导 因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一 定的句子成分 具有一定的意义 所以不定的句子成分 具有一定的意义 所以不 可以省略可以省略 v vDo you know Do you know whatwhat he said just now he said just now v v I don t
15、 remember I don t remember whenwhen we arrived we arrived v v I asked him I asked him where where I could get so much money I could get so much money v v Please tell me Please tell me who whom who whom we have to see we have to see v v Do you know Do you know what what time the plane leaves time the
16、 plane leaves 带带howhow的词组也都可以引导宾语从句的词组也都可以引导宾语从句 v v Could you tell us Could you tell us how oftenhow often you go abroad for you go abroad for a holiday a holiday v vCould you tell us Could you tell us how longhow long the meeting will last the meeting will last v vI don t know I don t know how farhow far it is to the cinema it is to the cinema v v Please tell us Please tell us how manyhow many students there are in students there are in your school your school v vCan you tell us Can you tell u
