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1、英语演讲稿-公众演说的魅力 导读：英语演讲稿公众演说的魅力The art of Public Speaking Organizing of your speechIf you thumb through any mail-order catalogue today, you will discover that many of the items for sale are organizers -closet organizers, kitchen organiz爱国主义演讲稿公众演讲.doc英语演讲稿公众演说的魅力The art of Public Speaking Organizing o
2、f your speechIf you thumb through any mail-order catalogue today, you will discover that many of the items for sale are organizers -closet organizers, kitchen organizers and office organizers. Read enough catalogues, and you must conclude that is something exists, it can be organized. Why all these
3、quest for organization?bviously, theres little point in having multiple possessions if you cant find them when you need them. Much the same is true of your speeches. If they are well organized, they will serve you better. Organization allows you - and your listeners - to see what ideas you have and
4、to put mental “hands” on the most important ones.Organization is important Several years ago a college professor took a well-organized speech and scrambled it by randomly changing the order of its sentences. He then had a speaker deliver theoriginal version to one group of listeners and the scramble
5、d version to another group. After the speeches, he gave a test to see how well each group understood what they had heard. Not surprisingly, the group that heard the original, unscrambled speech scored much higher than the other group.A few years later, two professors repeated the same experiment at
6、another school. But instead of testing how well the listeners comprehended each speech, they tested to see what effects the speeches had on the listeners?attitudes toward the speakers. They found that people who heard the well-organized speech believed the speaker to be much more competent and trust
7、worthy than did those who heard the scrambled speech.These are just two of many studies that show the importance of organization in speechmaking. You realize how difficult it is to pay attention to the speaker, much less to understand the message. In fact, when students explain what they hope to lea
8、rn from their speech class, they almost always put “the ability to organize my ideas more effectively” near the top of the list. This ability is especially vital for speechmaking. Listeners have little patience with speakers who bounce wildly from idea to idea. Keep in mind that listeners cannot fli
9、p back to a previous page if they have troublegrasping a speakers ideas. In this respect a speech is much like a movie. A speaker must be sure listeners can follow the progression of ideas from beginning to end. This requires that speeches be organized strategically.The first step in developing a st
10、rong sense of speech organization is to gain command of the three basic parts of a speech - introduction, body, and conclusion - and the strategic role of each. The body is the longest and most important part. Also, you will usually prepare the body first. It is much easier to create an effective in
11、troduction after you know exactly what you will say in the body. The process of organizing the body of a speech begins when you determine the main points.Main points The main points are the central features of your speech. You should select them carefully, phrase them precisely, and arrange them str
12、ategically. Here are the main points of a student speech about the medical uses of hypnosis: Specific purpose: To inform my audience about the major uses of hypnosis. Central Idea: The major uses of hypnosis today are to control pain inmedical surgery, to help people stop smoking, and to help studen
13、ts improve their academic performance.Main points: 1. Hypnosis is used in surgery as an adjunct to chemical anesthesia. 2. Hypnosis is used to help people stop smoking. 3. Hypnosis is used to help students improve their academic performance. These three main points form the skeleton of the body of t
14、he speech. If there are three major uses of hypnosis for medical purposes, then logically there can be three main points in the speech. Sometimes main points are evident from your specific purpose statement. Even if they are not stated expressly, they may be easy to project from statement. Often the
15、y will emerge as you research the speech and evaluate your findings. Suppose your specific purpose is “To persuade my audience that our state should not approve proposals for online voting.” You know that each main point in the speech will present a reason why online voting should not be instituted
16、in your state. But you arent sure how many main points there will be or what they will be. As you research and study the topic, you decidethere are two major reasons to support your view. Each of these reasons will become a main point in your speech.Number of main points You will not have time in your classroom speeches to develop more than four or five main points, and most speeches will contain only two or three. Regardless of how long a speech might run,
