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1、初中英语部分动词及谓语方面的知识1,在please, let, make, have，feel , hear, see, watch, notice等动词之后所带的不定式作宾(补)语时, 要省去to,而在被动语态中要加上to.Let them go there. I saw him come. We often watch them play football. Would you please not do it now ？The workers were made to work 13 or 14 hours a day before. 2,hear, see, watch, notice
2、, 等动词之后也可接V.ing作宾语补足语.表示动作在进行. She saw a boy lying on the floor. I heard her singing in the next room just now. We watched them playing baseball.3,在enjoy, finish, keep, practice, mind, give up, spend, consider等动词后接V.ing作宾语.enjoy reading finish writing keep waiting give up smoking I spent 150 yuan bu
3、ying a new bike.4,want, ask, tell, afford, allow，invite, urge, encourage +人+ to V. 其否定为: want, ask, tell, afford, allow , invite +人+not + to V.Ask Tom to turn off the light. We cant afford to buy a car. Tell her not to watch TV every day . They urge us to care for animals.5,在begin, start, want, like
4、, decide, try, refuse, need, plan, afford, pretend等动词之后加上to V. 作宾语. begin to work, want to buy, like to sing , try to draw well 6,tie, die, lie,的现在分词分别为: tying, dying, lying . He is tying his shoes.7,go后接表示运动类动词用V.ing形式。go boating / fishing / shopping / hiking / swimming / sightseeing / camping.8, b
5、e ( am, is, are, was, were)后动词无原形,须接V.ing构成进行时态或V+ed(过去分词)构成被动语态。 Hes-(watch) TV now. The trees were -(water).9,不定式 / 分词短语, 复合不定代词, 数词, 金钱, 距离, 重量, 一段时间, (数词加复数名词看着一个整体)作主语时, 谓语用单数形式.To read more books is good . Seeing is believing. Everything is ready. Three years is very short. Ten years has past
6、since he was sent to prison. There is something wrong with his radio. Laughing at the person in trouble isnt polite.Neither of his parents is a doctor.That pair of shoes is his. Five pieces of meat are enough.10,think, believe, guess, expect, imagine, suppose 的从句否定要转移到主句上.I dont think he will come ,
7、 will he ?11,终止性动词在完成时态中不能与表示一段时间的for, since状语连用,若要用就用下列形式替代.die-have been dead begin / start-have been onborrow-have kept open / close-have been open / closedbuy-have had start / leave-have been awaywake-have been awake sleep-have been asleepjoin-have been a . reach / come / get to / arrive at-have
8、 been in break-have been broken12, 一般现在时当主语是第三人称单数时, 谓语动词无原形出现.That shop sells many things in it. Class begins at 8:00.13.在行为动词前已有助动词do, does, did 及情态动词 can, may, must, could , should, would，该动词用原形。 Did he fly to Beijing that day ? She doesnt go shopping on weekends.Tom can write in Chinese. Would h
9、e come here ?14,在介词in, at, on, about, for，of, before, after, when, to，with , without , by等及部分动副结构后，若接动词，须用V.+ing形式. She is good at dancing. What about going swimming? Thanks for asking me. He gave up smoking last year. I study English by reading. He encouraged everyone to take part in protecting our
10、 lakes , rivers, seas and oceans. 15,以must 开头的否定回答多用neednt , may 开头的否定回答多用mustnt . Must I hand in my homework today ? -No, you neednt .16,以there, here 开头的句子（靠近原则）若表示”有”, 不可用have, has, 要用 is, are, was, were, 通常构成 there be句型, 同时注意将来时要用:there will be或there is going to be. There is an old photo of my fa
11、mily on the wall. There will / is going to be a film tonight. There was a tall building here last year.17,动词go, come, fly, move, carry, take, run, walk表示运动方向时后接介词 to 再接地点名词，或接介词 by through towards past等, 若是here, there, upstairs, downstairs, home等副词时，不接介词。 come here come home, come to the bus stopgo
12、to school go / walk through the doortake it to the room fly to Shanghai 18,动副结构要把代词放在中间, 注意人称、数的前后一致。 wake him up look it up look her over put them away / out get down put on turn on / off / up / down19,连系动词后多接形容词, 名词, 介词短语作表语，构成系表结构。 feel worse , seem good , taste delicious, look fine , smell sweet
13、 , be late , turn green , get warmer , become thinner, be at home 20, hope 后多接宾语从句或直接加不定式，wish后that从句常用过去时。 I hope that he will come . I wish I could fly.只可以说 hope to do sth 或wish sb to do sth21,特殊凝问词后接动词不定式，可改写为宾从复合句。 They knew when / where to go . They knew when they would (should) go. He doesnt k
14、now what to say / do .He doesnt know what he should say.22,neithernor, either or,not onlybut also连接主语时,谓语动词取决于后一个主语,即靠近原则。 Either you or he is going there .23,以x, y, w 结尾的重读闭音节词+ing , ed , er , est, 不双写尾字母. fix relax play know draw show allow new 24，某人最好做某事，用Sb had better +动原，否定用: Sb had better + no
15、t +动原。(had可和各人称代词缩写).Wed better stay at home at night. Youd better not go there .25. “ have / get + 名词 / 代词 + 过去分词”构成使役结构. He had / got his hair cut . I had my bike mended. 26.think, plan ,want ,decide, guess无将来时态.25.以Lets开头的反意疑问句只能用用 shall we ? 以Let me 开头的反意疑问句，以及其余的祈使句的反问一律用 will you ? 进行反问即可。在反意疑问句中，含有few, little, hardly, none, never, no，nobody
