《通用高考英语二轮复习第三板块语法填空与短文改错NO.1先研考题专题一语法填空讲义》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《通用高考英语二轮复习第三板块语法填空与短文改错NO.1先研考题专题一语法填空讲义（15页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、专题一语法填空做考题明考情A(2018全国卷)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years _61_ (long) than nonrunners. You dont have to run fast or for long _62_ (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of _63_ (die) early by running.While runni
2、ng regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it _64_ (be) more effective at lengthening life _65_ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 _66_ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease an
3、d early deaths from all _67_ (cause)The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise . its probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to _68_ (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and i
4、ts always _69_ (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give _70_ a try.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了跑步给我们的健康带来的益处，号召我们尝试一下跑步这种运动方式。61longer考查副词的比较级。由空格后的“than”可知应用比较级，故填long的比较级longer。62to see考查非谓语动词。此句意为“你不必跑得很快，也不
5、必跑很长时间就见到效果”，不定式短语“to see the benefit”作目的状语。63dying考查非谓语动词。reduce ones risk of . “降低某人的风险”，此处介词of后接动词时要用其动名词形式。64is考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据上下文语境可知这里应用一般现在时；又因为主语it是第三人称单数形式，故谓语动词用is。65than考查连词。根据句中的比较级“more effective”并结合语境可知，这里是把running与walking, cycling or swimming进行比较，故填than。66that/which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导
6、定语从句，修饰先行词“a study”，且在从句中作主语，故填关系代词that/which。67causes考查名词复数。cause表示“原因，起因”时是可数名词，且前面有all修饰，故填cause的复数形式。68strengthen考查派生词。此处to为不定式符号，在句中作目的状语，故填strength的动词形式strengthen。69energetic考查派生词。连系动词is后应接形容词作表语，故填energy的形容词形式energetic。70running/it考查名词或代词。此处号召我们尝试一下跑步这种运动，因此可以填名词running，也可以用it指代。give sth. a t
7、ry“尝试一下某事”。B(2018全国卷)Diets have changed in China and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country _61_ (grow) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over _62_ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.A taste for meat is _63_ (actual) behind the change: A
8、n important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corns rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice _64_ (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water _65_ rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased _66_
9、(pollute) in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total _67_ (globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 when the government _68_ (start) a
10、soiltesting program _69_ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission (排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. Chinas approach to protecting its environment while _70_ (feed) its citizens“offers useful less
11、ons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide，” says the banks Juergen Voegele.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。中国近年来根据人们的膳食变化调整农作物种植结构，为全球生态环境保护做出了贡献。61has grown考查动词时态和主谓一致。由时间状语“Since 2011”可知，主句时态用现在完成时；主语“the country”是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用has grown。62the考查冠词。over the past 25 years“在过去的25年里”。63actually考查派生词。此处表示“对肉的需求
12、实际上是这种变化的背后原因”。修饰谓语动词is应用副词形式actually。64to improve考查非谓语动词。此处表示“政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是水稻来改善水质”，故用不定式作目的状语。65than考查连词。由句中的比较级less可知，此处将玉米和水稻的用水量进行比较，故填than。66pollution考查派生词。decrease“降低，减少”，后接名词作宾语，故填pollution。67global考查派生词。修饰名词短语“fertilizer consumption”应用形容词，故填global。68started考查动词时态。由时间状语“between 2005”可知事情发生在过
13、去，应用一般过去时，故填started。69that/which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导定语从句，修饰指物的“a soiltesting program”，且在从句中作主语，故填that/which。70feeding考查非谓语动词。此处表示“中国在养活中国人民的同时又保护了环境”。主语China与feed之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用“连词现在分词”形式作状语。全国卷3年考情分析考查点卷别文体年份有提示词无提示词派生词谓语动词非谓语动词比较等级名词的数代词的格冠词介词代词并列连词从属关联词其他语境填词2018年全国卷(说明文)21211/1/2/全国卷(说明文)322/1/
14、2/全国卷(记叙文)2121/111/1/2017年全国卷(说明文)12211/11/1/全国卷(说明文)321/1/111/全国卷(记叙文)222/1/11/1/2016年全国卷(记叙文)212/1111/1/全国卷(说明文)22111/11/1全国卷(说明文)222/1/12/3年统计1915164627721101分析全国卷近三年的考点分布可以看出，语法填空考点设置有如下特点：一、有提示词类：设置67个小题高频考点谓语动词12题。考查时态、语态及主谓一致，其中涉及语态方面的不超过1题，答案最多三个单词。非谓语动词12题。考查不定式、动名词与分词，每种最多设1题。派生词13题。考查方式有动词派生为名词、名词派生为形容词或动词、形容词派生为副词等。每种最多设1题。名词01题。主要考查可数名词的复数，也可能会考查名词的所有格。形容词和副词类01题。主要考查形容词和副词词性的转换，以及其比较级或最高级。低频考点代词：01题。一般给出人称代词的主格，要求考生填其宾格、名词性或形容词性物主代词、反身代词等。二、无提示词类：设置34个小题高频考点介词01题。重点考查常见介词的基本用法或固定搭配中的介词，一般不涉及短语介词。冠词01题。重点考查冠词的特指
