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1、 状语时用来修饰 词 词 词或 的一种句子成分 它可以表示时间 地点 原因 目的 结果 条件 让步 比较 方式等 当充当状语的部分是一个句子时 也就是状语从 句 分类如下 动形容副 句子 状语从句 1 时间状语从句 2 地点状语从句 3 原因状语从句 4 条件状语从句 5 让步状语从句 6 目的状语从句 7 结果状语从句 8 方式状语从句 9 比较状语从句 引导词可分为两部分 as while when whenever before after until till since as soon as every time next time the first time the moment
2、 the minute instantly immediately directly 一 就 as引导的时间状语从句 可以表达 正当 一 边 一边 随着 等意思 1 表示某事一发生 另一事立即发生 As the sun rose the fog disappeared 2 表示在某事发生的过程中 另一事发生 Just as he was speaking there was a loud explosion 3 表示两个动作同时发生 Helen sang a song as she washed 4 表示 随着 常指一个行为是另一个行为的结果 或 一种状态随另一种状态变化 句中的动词多表示状态
3、的 发展变化 As she grew older she became more beautiful 1 as while when的区别 while 持续性动词 进行时 一般或现在情况 将来情况 V一般现在时或现在进行时 过去情况 e g I like listening to music while I am doing my homework e g I m going to the post office While you are there can you get some stamps for me e g I hurt my should while I was doing g
4、ym While I was walking down the street I came across an old friend while While I really don t like art I find his work impressive while While there is life there is hope while He likes pop music while I am fond of folk music when although as long as While 在句中的不同含义 when 持续性 非持续性动词都可 当 时 正在 忽然 e g Whe
5、n I first saw her I fell in love with her When did you get home It was eight o clock when I got home 1 They were walking down the street when they saw an accident 2 I was about to go swimming when our guide stopped me 尽管 虽然 鉴于 如果 届时 e g He walks when he might take a taxi The Queen will visit the tow
6、n in May when she will open the new hospital How can you hope for mercy yourself when you show none How could I live in Los Angeles when all my favorite people live here 虽然 届时 如果 鉴于 既然 when 还有一些较为灵活的翻译 before引导的时间状语从句 before引导的时间状语从句 常译为 在 之前 表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前 We clean the classroom before we leave
7、school every day It will not be long before you regret for what you ve done 不久你就会为你的所作所为后悔的 after引导的时间状语从句 after引导的时间状语从句 常译为 在 之后 表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后 After you use plastic bags you mustn t throw them about 用过了塑料袋之后 不准到处乱扔 since引导的时间状语从句 since引导的时间状语从句 常译为 自从 主句常用现在完成时 从句常用一般过去时 例句翻译 我们自从分手以后一直没见过面 We
8、 haven t seen each other since we parted 常用句型 It has been is 时间段 since从句 自从 有多长时间了 例句翻译 自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了 It has been is six years since she graduated from the university until till引导的时间状语从句 until till 引导的时间状语从句 常译为 直到 时 表示主句动作发生在从句之前 当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时 主句常用肯定形式 例句 我会待在这里 直到你回来 I ll stay here until you co
9、me back 当主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时 主句常用否定形式 not until 直到 才 这时until 可用before替换 He didn t go to bed until he finished his homework 例句 他直到做完作业才睡觉 as soon as引导的时间状语从句 as soon as 引导的时间状语从句 译为 一 就 表示从句动作一发生 主句的动作马上就发生 例句 他一回来我就告诉他这件事 I will tell him about it as soon as he comes back 相当于as soon as 用法的词或短语还有 immediate
10、ly directly instantly the moment the minute the instant等 I ll give him your message the minute he arrives Directly I had done it I knew I had made a mistake 名词短语引导的时间状语从句 the moment the minute the instant the time the hour the day by the time each time every time next time any time等 也可以引导时间状语从句 I th
11、ought her nice and honest the first time I saw her By the time you arrived the lecture had already ended By the time he comes we will already have left 1 When every time I was in trouble he would come to help me 2 At next time you come do remember bring your son here 3 For the first time I met the g
12、irl I felt in love with her 4 You are welcome to come back at any time you want to 5 At the last time she saw James he was lying in bed 语法规则 every time each time next time the first time any time 等名词短语引导状语从句不加介词 考点 名词短语引导时间状语从句 其他连词引导的时间状语从句 no sooner than hardly scarcely barely when 引导 时间状语从句 从句用一般
13、过去时 主句用过去完成时 当no sooner hardly scarcely barely位于句首时 主句要 用部分倒装 I had no sooner begun to talk than he rang off No sooner had I begun to talk than he rang off 我还未来得及讲话 他就挂断了电话 1 I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice I picked up the phone A while B after C in case D the minute 2 How lon
14、g do you think it will take our product becomes popular with the consumers A when B until C before D since 3 the day went on the weather got worse A With B since C As D While 4 He was halfway through his meal a familiar voice came to his ears A why B where C when D while 地点状语从句用连接副词 where或wherever 在
15、任何地方 引导 e g a Just stay where you are b Where there is a will there is a way c You can sit wherever you like d Wherever you go I ll be right here waiting for you 1 When he reads a book his habit is to make a mark the meaning is unclear to him A there B wherever C the place D in which 原因状语从句表示主句中的某一动
16、作或状态所 发生的原因 引导这种从句 常用的连接词是 because as since now that for 和considering that seeing that 这七个连词都用于表示表示原 因 但在语气上一个比一个弱 e g He didn t come to school because he was ill c f He might be ill for he didn t come to school 表示 直接 原因 表示 间接的推断 原因 不可出现在句首 because since as for的区别 because 直接原因 非推断 语气最强 回答why的问题 since 通常放句首 译为 既然 as 不谈自明的原因 语气最弱 for 放句中 引导后半句表原因 或补充推断 的理由 1 I danced in front of the people I liked it 2 You d better wear strong shoes we ll do a lot of walking 3 he was not well I decided to go witho
