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1、解析高考英语 阅读中的长难句 解析高考英语 阅读中的长难句 He who is good at reading will conquer the world 1 1 回忆三种基本句子类型回忆三种基本句子类型 2 2 长难句的类型及分析方法长难句的类型及分析方法 3 3 长难句分析在高考阅读中的演练长难句分析在高考阅读中的演练 句子种类 简单句 并列句 复合句 长难句之朝花夕拾篇 1 We took pity on the people in the disaster hit area in Yushu and many students raised money for them 2 Havi
2、ng suffered a number of health problems former Olympic President Samaranch died on April 21 in Barcelona 3 The Internet is an exciting tool that not only puts vast information at your fingertips but expands options a simple sentence a compound 复合 sentence a coordinate 并列 sentence Samaranch died m 结构
3、分析法 明晰句子结构 把握句子的基本框架 A 判断该句是简单句 并列句还是复合句 B 找出句子的主干成分 主语和谓语 分清 句子附属成分 理解句子大意 C 层层分析 层层剥离 句 子判 断 简单句并列句复合句 主 干 并列连词从属连词 句子较长 一个从句套着另一个从句 环环 相扣 不管句子有多长有多复杂 它只由两部分 构成 即主干和修饰成分 主干是整个句子的骨 架 主要指主谓宾结构或主系表结构 而修饰成 分在句中只起修饰或补充主干的作用 它既可以 是单词 也可以是短语 更常见的则是从句 尤 其是定语从句和状语从句 我们应通过仔细分析 将每个修饰成分划出来 找出句子的主干 这样整个句子结构就清晰
4、了 Schools across China are expected to hire 50 000 college graduates this year as short term teachers almost three times the number hired last year to help reduce unemployment pressures 2009 江苏 介词短语 时间状语介词短语 同位语 过去分词做定语 定语 长难句之分门别类篇 1 带有较多成分 的简单句 不定式做状语 Schools are expected to hire college graduates
5、 去枝叶 留主干 2 含有多个从句的复合句 Whereas a woman s closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage it wasn t unusual to hear a man say that he didn t know that his friend s marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa 找从属连词 分析
6、从句 理解句意 并列和主从复合句并存的处理方法 先读懂并列句 再看主从复合句 you ask people to name one person had the greatest effect on the English language you will get answers like Shakespeare Samuel Johnson and Webster none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man didn t even speak English William the Conqueror but If w
7、ho who 3 含有插入语的句子 这种句子的特点是在正常的 句子中插入一些或长或短的 成分或句子 比如同位语 从句 非限制性定语从句 状语从句 分词 插入语 等等 打断读者的思路 割裂前后之间的语义 造成理解上的困难 我们称之为 打岔 有 时有逗号或破折号分开 忽略插入成分 直奔句子主题 The lack of right male 男性的 role models in many of their lives at home and particularly in the school environment 环境 means that their peers are the only pe
8、ople they have to judge themselves against 2008辽宁卷C篇 译文 在他们很多人的生活中 如在家里 尤其 是在学校 缺少合适的男性榜样 这就意味着他 们只好对照自己的同龄人来评判自己 Science has become so important in the modern world with its procedures so highly standardized and so widely accepted that it is included among modern social institutions 随着科学研究程序达到高度标准化
9、并被广 泛接受 在当今世界上 科学已变得如此 重要 以至被纳入现代社会制度之中 4 成分省略 The magazine is male targeting because young guys generally won t pick up a magazine that appears to be directed at females whereas girls usually will 把握大意 找出上文对应 信息 补充省略成分 Before 1066 in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two
10、 major language groups 5 倒装句 确定主语 调整语序 把握大意 Before 1066 in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups 5 倒装句 确定主语 调整语序 把握大意 1 Mobile phone SIM cards which are put in the collars 项圈 of elephants automatically send a text message when they get too close to f
11、arms allowing wildlife workers to drive them off rather than shoot them 2 I was discussing this problem recently with a colleague who had been beating his head against the wall for months trying to get a story about a mysterious dark force in cosmology 宇宙学 past editors at New Yorker 长难句之小试牛刀篇 长难句之 方
12、法总结篇 1 带有较多成分的简单句 去枝叶 留主干 2 含有多个从句的复合句 找从属连词 分析从句 理解句意 3 含有插入成分的句子 忽略插入成分 直奔句子主题 4 倒装句 确定主语 调整语序 把握大意 5 成分省略 把握大意 找出对应信息 补充省略成分 分析 是状语从句 是主句 是with引导的介词短语作状语 修饰谓 语 这样 把整个句子划为3个意群 可 以大大提高阅读速度 When two cars travelling at 30 mh hit each other an unbelted driver would meet the windshield with a force equ
13、al to diving headfirst into the ground from a height of 10 meters 1 意群阅读法 2 剥丝抽茧法 先跳读修饰成分或附加成分 找出句子的主干并理 解其意义 然后再分层理解修饰成分或附加成分 如果待处理的长难句为一个复杂的主从复合句 可 这样处理 先分清主句与从句 然后弄清从句的性 质 即弄清它是什么从句 是名词性从句 还是状 语从句 或是定语从句 另外 有一点要提醒同学 们 在处理长难句时 如果既能正确理解句意 又 能将其准确地译成中文 那是最好了 但是 对于 有些长难句 要在较短时间内 如在参加考试时 将其译成中文比较困难 此时只要能正确理解其意 思就行了 3 良好习惯 多尝试分析长难句并找出20个长难句进行朗 读并背诵 长难句之 实战演练篇 3 良好习惯 多尝试分析长难句并找出20个长难句进行朗 读并背诵 3 良好习惯 多尝试分析长难句并找出20个长难句进行朗 读并背诵
