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1、The ing form used as adverbial 1 o 现在分词作状语有四种形式 o 1 一般形式 由动词原形 ing构成 o 2 完成形式 由having 过去分词 o 3 进行被动式 由being 过去分词 o 4 完成被动式 由having been 过去 分词构成 o 现在分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的 前面加not never 2 1 现在分词何时用一般形式 o 当分词的动作是由主语发出 而且 和谓语动词同时发生 则用分词的一 般形式 oHe was ill and didn t attend the meeting o Being ill he didn t att
2、end the meeting 3 o 如果分词表示的是一个极短暂的动 作 这动作一发生 谓语表示的动作立 即发生 也用分词的一般形式 oHearing the news they all jumped with joy 4 2 现在分词何时用完成形式 o当分词的动作是由主语发出 而 且发生在谓语动作之前 则用分 词的完成形式 oHaving finished the class she went home o After she finished the class 5 3 现在分词何时用进行被动式 o当分词的动作由主语承受 而且 分词的动作与谓语动词同时发生 时 oBeing critic
3、ized by the employer the new employee hung his head 6 4 现在分词何时用完成的被动式 当分词表示的动作在谓语所表示 的动作之前发生 且分词表示的 动作由主语承受 Having been praised for his job Tom worked harder 7 现在分词作状语相当于状语从 句可表时间 原因 方式 伴 随情况 结果或条件等 8 1 相当于原因状语从句 oa Being ill she didn t g to school today o As she is ill ob Having seen the film he di
4、dn t go to the cinema with them o Because he had seen the film 9 o Turning around When she turned around she saw an ambulance driving up 2 相当于时间状语从句 10 3 表示行为方式 伴随情况或 补充说明等 o The students went away running and laughing 11 4 表示结果 oa The old man died leaving nothing but debts ob we hurried to school f
5、inding there were no students in the school 12 5 表示条件 If playing all day you will waste your valuable time 13 o注意1 不是每个状语从句都能用 分词替换 o只有当分词的逻辑主语是句子 的主语时 才能用分词替换 14 oWe are sitting here making notes make的动作由主语我们 发出 oBeing scolded by his mother the boy hung his head Scold 的动作由the boy承受 15 o注意2 如果分词和句子没
6、有 逻辑上的主谓关系 则不能用 单个的分词作状语 可以用分 词的独立主格结构或状语从句 16 o现在分词的独立结构为名词或代 词 分词 名词或代词是分词的 逻辑主语 oTime permitting I ll call on you this Sunday oHe entering the office a letter was found on the ground 17 o分词作状语时 在少数情况下 其逻辑 主语与句子的主语不一致 分词用来 修饰全句 o Judging from his accent he seemed to be from Hunan province o If we
7、judge 18 oGenerally speaking every spy has a contact oConsidering his age he was helped by the young fellow 19 1 The secretary worked late into the night a long speech for the president A To prepare B preparing C prepared D was preparing 2 European football is played in 80 countries it the most popu
8、lar sport in the world A Making B makes C made D to make B 现在分词表结果状语 A 现在分词作伴随状语 高考链接 20 3 Can t you read Mary said to the notice A angrily pointing B and point angrily C angrily point D and angrily pointing A 现在分词作伴随状语 21 4 a reply he decided to write again A Not receiving B Receiving not C Not hav
9、ing received D Having not received C 现在分词作原因状语 分词结构中否 定词通常放在现在分词前面 作原因状语 22 1 Having not seen the film I can t tell you what I think of it 2 The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay 3 Seen from the top of the hill we find the city more beautiful 4 Generally speak facial expressions are helpful communications too Not having working Seeing speaking 单句改错 23 24
