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1、 The Attributive Clause 定语从句 1 The man is a worker 2 The man is speaking at the meeting 合并句子 The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker 概念 在复合句中修饰名词或代词 的句子 Attributive clause Mary is a beautiful girl Mary is a girl who has long hair 形容词作定语 句子作定语 修饰girl 叫做定语从句 Mary is a girl Mary has long hai
2、r 合并为一个句子 Mary is a girl who has long hair 先行词 关系词 定语从句 Mary is a girl who has long hair 关系代词 关系副词 which who whom whose that Where when 关系词作用 1 代替先行词 2 它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分 3 同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句 把 主句和从句连起来 v 关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行 词 所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之 后 而且它的 人称 数必须和先行词一致 关系词判 断 步 骤 v 首先 要看先行词 如果先行词是指人 关系代词 可用 who
3、 that whom whose 如果先行词指物 关系 代词可用which或that v 然后 要确定关系词在从句中的成分 请看下表 先行词词 主格 宾宾格 所有格 人who thatwho m that whose 物which thatwhich thatwhose of which 最后 定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致 注 定语从句的时态不受主句的限制 The woman who that spoke at the meeting yesterday is my mother 主句 The woman is my mother 叙述客观事实 用一般现在时 从句 The woman who
4、that spoke at the meeting yesterday 句中yesterday表示过去时间 定语从句的用法 当先行词是物时 用which 或that引导 These are the trees which were planted last year 当先行词是人时 用who whom whose that引导 who whom whose that用法区别 who 作定语从句的主语或宾语 The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker The man is a worker The man is speaking at t
5、he meeting 分解 作主语 the tall the strong the clever boy The boy is Tom The boy who is tall is Tom The boy who is strong is Tom The boy who is clever is Tom The boy is Tom The boy is smiling The boy is Tom The boy has a round face The boy who is smiling is Tom 主语 The boy who has a round face is Tom The
6、boy is Tom He sits in front of me The boy who sits in front of me is Tom Whom 作定语从句的宾语 在口 语和非正式文体中常用who代替 可以省略 The woman whom who they wanted to visit is a teacher The woman is a teacher They wanted to visit the woman 分解 作宾语 The man is kind Everyone likes him The man whom everyone likes is kind 宾语 T
7、he woman got the job We saw her on the street The woman whom we saw on the street got the job The teacher will give us a talk We met the teacher yesterday The teacher whom we met yesterday will give us a talk 关系代词 1 who指人 作主语或宾语 作宾语可省略 The man who I talked with is our teacher A person who steals thi
8、ngs is called a thief 2 whom指人 作宾语 作宾语可省略 如 介词提前则不能省 The man whom who I talked to is Mr Li The man to whom I talked is Mr Li whose 作定语从句的定语 I know the girl whose mother is a teacher 分解 I know the girl The girl s mother is a teacher 作定语 关系代词 3 whose 是代词的所有格形式 它既可以 代人也可以代物 Please show me the book Its
9、cover is red Please show me the book whose cover is red I saw a woman Her bag was stolen I saw a woman whose bag was stolen that 可以作定语从句的主语和宾语 注意 关系代词作动词宾语时可 省略 The woman whom that they wanted to visit is a teacher 4 which 指物 作主语或宾语 作宾 语可省略 如介词提前则不能省 These are the trees which were planted last year
10、The TV set which he bought yesterday is made in Japan Is this the library which you borrow books from Is this the library from which you borrow books apple the red the green the small the big The apple which is red is mine The apple which is green is yours The apple which is red is small The apple w
11、hich is green is big Can you find the pen I wrote with it just now Can you find the pen with which I wrote just now Can you find the pen which I wrote with just now 1 This is the hero whom we are proud of This is the hero of whom we are proud This is the hero that we are proud of 2 The room that I l
12、ive in is very big The room which I live in is very big The room in which I live is very big 关系代词与介词 介词放在关系代词的前 面时 介词宾语只能用which代物 用whom 代人 介词在末尾时 关系词可以省略 定语从句中需注意事项 先行词是物 关系词只能用that 而不宜用 which 1 从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或序数 词修饰时 This is the most interesting story that I have ever heard The first meeting that
13、we will take part in will be held in the afternoon 2 先行词是 something nothing anything little few much many all 等不定代词时 Here is something that I will tell you 3 先行词既有人也有物时 只能用that I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I see 4 先行词是one of the one 或用 little much few no all some any the on
14、ly the very the same the last 作修饰时 Is it the one that you want I haven t got much that I can offer you 5 当主句已有疑问词 who或which时 用 that Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting 先行词前有the only the very the same the last等词修饰时 只能用 that 例如 This is the same bike that I lost 以who或which引导的特殊疑问句 为 避免重复 只
15、能用that 例如 Who is the girl that is crying 先行词是物关系词只能用which不能用that的 情况 先行词为that those时 只能用which 例 如 What is that which is under the desk Those are the books which I bought yesterday 关系词前有介词时 This is the room in which he lives 注 who that在指人可以通用 但下列宜用 who 不用that 1 先行词是anyone someone those时 关系词使用who Thos
16、e who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here Is there anyone who wants to go there 2 在there be 句型中 先行词指人 关系词 用who There is an old man who wants to see you There are many young men who are against him 1 I have a friend likes listening to classical music who that which that whose 3 The man leg broke in a match used to be a football player 2 Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress I gave her 4 My parents live in a house is more than 100 years old 5 The boy with John spoke is my brother which t
