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1、形容词和副词的 比较级和最高级 1 形容词 是修饰名词 人或事物 表示名 词的性质 特征或属性一种词类 它在句中作定语 表语和宾语补足语 副词 用来修饰动词 形容词及其他副词 的词叫副词 副词在句中多作状语 一 形容词和副词的概念 2 形容词作定语一般放在被修饰 的 名词之前 如 a new book two big trees 等 二 形容词和副词的用法 形容词放在系动词be look get keep turn feel become seem grow smell等之后 如 1 I am short 2 She looks fine 3 They turn green 3 如果形容词修饰
2、不定代词something anything everything nothing等时 要放在不定代 词后面 如 something interesting nothing new 副词放在所修饰的动词之后 形容词和副 词之前 如果前面是行为动词 则后面用副词 如 1 She works hard 修饰动词 2 I am very busy 修饰形容词 3 He runs too quickly 修饰副词 4 We play happily 修饰动词 4 通常在形容词后加 ly变成副词 slow real usual careful easy happy heavy angry slowly
3、usually easily heavily really carefully happily angrily 5 bigbigger Look at the pictures and understand 看图并理解 6 Look at the pictures and understand 看图并理解 big bigger biggest 7 fast Look at the pictures and understand 看图并理解 8 fastfaster Look at the pictures and understand 看图并理解 9 fast faster fastest L
4、ook at the pictures and understand 看图并理解 10 三 形容词和副词的级 形容词和副词有三个等级 原级 比较级 最高级 1 原级 即形容词和副词的原形 small good pretty big many hard happily slowly quickly 程度副词very too so quite等修饰形容 词和副词的原级 如 very tall too hot so cold quite interesting run quickly 11 as as 与 一样 not as so as 与 不一样 中间用原级 The story is as int
5、eresting as that one The question is not as so difficult as that one 2 比较级 两个人或物之间的比较 表示表示 较较 或或 更更 一些一些 标志词 than 比 单音节词通常是 er结尾 多音节或部分双音节词通 常在之前加more 如 smaller better taller older more harder more interesting more quickly 3 最高级 三个或三个以上的人或物之间 的比较 标志词 in 大范围 of all of the 具体的数字 表示表示 最最 的意思 的意思 两者以上用最
6、高级 单音节词通常是 est结尾 多音节或部分双音节词通常在 之前加most 在形容词的最高级前必须加the 副词之前可 以不加 如 smallest tallest newest best most interesting most difficultly 12 构 成 方 法原 级比 较 级最 高 级 单音节 词和少 数多音 节词 一般在词尾加 er 或 est ist coldcoldercoldest fastfasterfastest 以字母e结尾的形容词 加 r或 stnicenicernicest largelargerlargest 重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母 时 应先双写辅
7、音字母 再加 es 或 est bigbiggerbiggest hothotterhottest 以 辅音字母 y 结尾的双音节词 先改 y 结尾的双音节词 先 改 y 为 i 再加 er或 est easyeasiereasiest earlyearlierearliest 多音节 词和部 分双音 节词 在词前加more或most tiredmore tiredmost tired easilymore easilymost easily 单音节和少数多音节的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级单音节和少数多音节的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 的构成分规则和不规则 变化如下 的构成分规则和不规则
8、变化如下 13 不规则变化 要多加注意哦 good bad many little well badly much far betterbest worseworst moremost lessleast betterbest farther farthest worseworst moremost 14 important easy wet happy careful thin good hot easily many nice big heavy delicious much 给出下列词的比较级和最高级 more importantmost important easiereasiest
9、wetter wettest happierhappiest more carefulmost careful thinnerthinnest betterbest hotterhottest more easilymost easily more most nicernicest bigger biggest heavier heaviest more delicious most delicious moremost 15 More examples 1 Mary is cleverer than her little sister 2 The new building is higher
10、 than the old one 3 His shirt is more expensive than mine 4 Kate is more beautiful than Lily is 5 She is five years older than I am 6 He is 2 centimeters taller than her 7 This ruler is 20 centimeters longer than that one 16 比较级的用法 than 1 汤姆比杰克高 2 这只箱子要比那只箱子大 3 那些苹果比这些大 4 第一个问题很容易 但第二个更容易 Tom is tal
11、ler than Jack This box is bigger than that one Those apples are bigger than these ones The first question is very easy but the second one is easier 17 2 数量的比较 1 我的笔比你的多 2 我喝的茶比他多 3 他吃的饭比我少 4 一班的学生比二班多 I have more pens than you do I drink more tea than he does He has less rice than I do There are mor
12、e students in Class 1 than in Class 2 18 More examples 1 He is the youngest of all the children 2 This book is the most interesting of all books 3 America is the most developed country in the world 4 The Changjiang River is the longest river in China 5 He is one of the greatest scientists in China 6
13、 The city is one of the most beautiful cities in the world 7 Lucy is one of the tallest girls in her class 8 Give my best wishes to you 9 He is my best friend 19 形容词最高级的用法 in of 那个短发的女孩是我们班最高的 今天是一年中最热的一天 他的房间是三个中最干净的一个 上海是中国最大的城市 The girl with red hair is the tallest in our class Today is the hotte
14、st day of the year His room is the cleanest of the three Shanghai is the largest in China 20 1 The new building is higher than the old one Those apples are bigger than these ones 2 His shirt is more expensive than mine 如果主语是物主代词 名词 那么后面要用 名词性物主代词 比较级必须在同类中进行 即人与人比 物与物比 而且比较结构前后的词语要对称 特别注意在than或 as 之
15、后不要漏掉可能出现 的替代词 that those one ones 21 3 Kate is more beautiful than Lily is She is five years older than I am I drink more tea than he does than前后句子的时态相同 通常用be动词 情态动词can may must could should和助动 词do does did will have等来简答 4 I have more pens than you do many much little few等词必须带名词 22 5 The city is on
16、e of the most beautiful cities in the world one of the 最高级 复数名词 Which Who 比较级 A or B Which Who 最高级 A B or C 6 Who is older Jim or Tom Who is the tallest Jim Mike or Tom Which language is English French or Chinese A difficult B more difficult C the most difficult C 23 7 Mary is the tallest of all the sisters in the family 在使用形容词最高级时 一定要把自己包括 在比较的范围内 8 This is the third largest city in China 当表示 第二 第三 等意思时 经常在最高 级的前面加second third 等词 9 It s our largest machine in our factory 当最高级前有物主代词修饰时 其前不加 定冠词t
