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1、 资料来源：中国教育在线 http:/ http:/ the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written on the ANSWER SHEET(10 points)Music means different things to different people and sometimes even different things to the same person at different momen
2、ts of his life. It might be poetic, philosophical, sensual, or mathematical, but in any case it must, in my view, have something to do with the soul of the human being. Hence it is metaphysical; but the means of expression is purely and exclusively physical: sound. I believe it is precisely this per
3、manent coexistence of metaphysical message through physical means that is the strength of music.46) It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself.Beethovens importance in music has been principally defi
4、ned by the revolutionary nature of his compositions. He freed music from hitherto prevailing conventions of harmony and structure. Sometimes I feel in his late works a will to break all signs of continuity. The music is abrupt and seemingly disconnected, as in the last piano sonata. In musical expre
5、ssion, he did not feel restrained by the weight of convention. 47) By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one, and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding, let alone the performance, of his works.This courageous attitude in fact becomes a requirement for the
6、 performers of Beethovens music. His compositions demand the performer to show courage, for example in the use of dynamics. 48) Beethovens habit of increasing the volume with an extreme intensity and then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage was only rarely used by composers before him.B
7、eethoven was a deeply political man in the broadest sense of the word. He was not interested in daily politics, but concerned with questions of moral behavior and the larger questions of right and wrong affecting the entire society.49) Especially significant was his view of freedom, which, for him,
8、was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual: he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression.Beethovens music tends to move from chaos to order as if order were an 资料来源：中国教育在线 http:/ http:/ of human existence. For him, order does not result from forgetting or ign
9、oring the disorders that plague our existence; order is a necessary development, an improvement that may lead to the Greek ideal of spiritual elevation. It is not by chance that the Funeral March is not the last movement of the Eroica Symphony, but the second, so that suffering does not have the las
10、t word. 50) One could interpret much of the work of Beethoven by saying that suffering is inevitable, but the courage to fight it renders life worth living.46. It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music its
11、elf.【句型分析】本句主句主干为 it is the reason，why 引导定语从句，修饰 the reason。定语从句的主干是 all we can do is articulate our reactions and not grasp music itself，其表语是不定式短语，由于主语中含有 do，不定式符号 to 省略：articulate our reactions and not grasp music itself。our reactions 之后 to it 为其定语，it 指代 music。定语从句中还包含 when 引导的时间状语从句。【翻译要点】本句主干的主句
12、是主系表结构，reason 后 why 引导的定语从句较长，翻译时可以与主干部分结合，调整表达为：这也就是为什么.。定语从句中，when 引导时间状语从句，其中 with words 做状语，翻译时需调整语序到其修饰的 to describe 之前，可以表达为“当我们尝试用语言来描述音乐时” 。定语从句的主干顺译即可，其中 reaction 根据语境，可以翻译为“感受” ，其定语 to it 在表达时前置，it 指代还原为“音乐” ，则可以翻译为“所有我们能做的，就是明确表达我们对于音乐的感受” ，或者调整表达为“我们只能明确表达我们对于音乐的感受” 。and 之后，grasp 依据语境，需要
13、翻译为“理解” 。【译文总结】这也是为什么当我们试图用语言来描述音乐时，我们只能明确表达我们对于音乐的感受，而不能完全理解音乐本身。47. By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one, and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding, let alone the performance, of his works.【句型分析】本句为并列句。第一个分句 he was a freethinking person, and a cour
14、ageous one，句首 by all accounts 为固定搭配，意思是“根据各方面说” 。第二个分句的主干为 I find courage an essential quality，其中宾语为 courage，而 an essential quality 是宾语补足语。quality 后介词短语 for the understanding of his work 为其定语，其中还包含一个插入结构 let alone the performance。【翻译要点】 第一个分句结构比较简单，句首固定搭配 by all accounts，可以调整表达，翻译为“据大家所说” 。主干顺译即可，其中
15、 he 指代“贝多芬” ，one 指代 资料来源：中国教育在线 http:/ http:/ 。第二个分句，主干为“我发现勇气是一个关键品质” ，quality 后为其定语 for the understanding of his work，其中 the understanding of his work 意思为“对于其作品的理解” ，做词性转化后，可以表达为“理解其作品” ，这个介词短语需要调整语序前置于quality，可以翻译为“理解他作品的关键品质” ，则第二个分句可以表达为“我发现勇气，是理解他作品的关键品质” 。还可以调整表达为“我发现勇气这一品质，是理解他作品的关键” 。在定语 for the understanding of his work 中的插入成分，在逻辑上 let alone并列 the understanding 和 the performance，二者共用定语 of his works，顺译句末即可：更不必说是演出其作品的关键品质。【译文总结】人们普遍认为，他(贝多芬)是个思想自由、充满勇气的人，我发现勇气这一品质，是理解他作品的关键，更不必说是演出其作品的关键。48. Beethovens habit of increasing the volume with an
