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1、初中英语动词专题情态动词英语说课稿哈镇学校 丁丽霞一、教学分析:1.教学目标内容:这是初中的一个较重要也有难度的知识点,作为动词中的一类,以及虚拟语气中必定会用到的情态动词。如何使用情态动词can(could) ,must,have to, may(might),shall(should),will,dare,need,aught to等是本次课程的重点内容。教学内容是介绍情态动词的定义、特点、以及最重要的用法;最后加以练习进行巩固。2教学重点:学会运用情态动词can(could), must,have to, may(might),shall(should),will(would),dare
2、,need,aught to等的用法以及各个相近情态动词间的区分。3教学难点:各个情态动词的用法区分。二、教学目标:1.知识目标:要求学生掌握使用表示猜测的情态动词。2.能力目标:学会情态动词在实际生活中的运用,会用,用正确。 3.情感目标:让学生爱上英语课堂,鼓励他们学习英语的自信心。4.学习策略目标:设法使学生掌握使用英语进行造句,增强上课的积极性。 三.教学过程的分析:步骤 1;组织师生互相问候;步骤2;检测预习与复习(目的是导入情态动词的定义和特点) 1)由二则谜语引入要教的情态动词:1.You cant catch his body; you cant see his shadow.
3、When strong, he shakes the house,when weak, the tree leaves. 2.What can you catch but not throw?让学生猜,猜完以后,说出这里面都有一个can,这个时候它的意思是什么以及在这里的作用,由此导入主题。步骤3;解释情态动词:情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词,但不能单独作谓语,只能和其他动词原形构成谓语;情态动词的特点:1、情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情,只能表示期待或估计发生的事情;2、情态动词除:ought to,have to以外,后面只能接不带to的不定式
4、;3、情态动词没有人称,数的变化(have to除外,即情态动词第三人称不加s;4、情态动词没有非谓语形式,既没有不定式,分词等形式;5、情态动词不能单独使用而必须跟后面的动词原形构成谓语。步骤4 ;情态动词的用法。常见的情态动词有can(could), must,haveto,may(might).shall(should),will(would),dare,need,aught to等.1.)can与could1)表示能力Eg:I can dance, four eyes can see more than two.(一道厦门市中考题):You neednt write letters t
5、o your cousin,you chat with her by QQ instead.A. must B.have to C.canCan只有一般现在时和一般过去时(一般过去时用could) Eg:Could Merlin read before she went to school.这女孩上学期能识字吗?注:当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to,不能用can,如:She was able to get high grade after studying hard.2)表示请求和允许。-Can I go now?-Yes,you can./No,you cant.
6、此时可以用could代替。与can的区别:can表示一般的请求,语气较随便,常用于熟人之间或长辈对晚辈,上级对下级的场合;could表示礼貌地请求,语气更委婉,常用于非熟人之间或晚辈对长辈,下级对上级的场合。如:-Could I help you? -Yes,you can./No,I am afraid not.3)表示推测,可能性(惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度),用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。Where can(could) she have gone to?She cant (couldnt) be over 16.How can you be so careless?2Must,have
7、to1)must是说话人的主观看法,而have to则强调客观需要.must只要一般现在时,have to有更多的形式。The play isnt interesting,I really must go now.I had to work when I was your age. -I cant give up smoking,doctor. -For your health,I am afraid you_.A.mayB.can C.have to2)表示必须,必要。We must do everything steo by step.我们做什么都得循序渐进地做。在回答引出的问句时,如果是
8、否定的,不能用must,(不准,禁止),而用neednt,dont have to(不必)。-Must we hand in our exercise books today?-Yes,you must.-No,you dont have to/you neednt.3)表示推测、可能性(只用于陈述句中)You are Toms good friend,so you must know what he likes best.Your mother must be waiting for you now. Look at Mary,she keeps walking here and there
9、 before talking in front of class. she_beverynervous.A.cant B.mustC.need3.may,might1)表示请求和允许。might 比may 更委婉,而不是过去式。否定回答可用cant或mustnt.表示“不可以,禁止“。-May/Might I smoke in this room?-No,you mustnt.-May/Might I take this book out of the room.-Yes.you can.(No,you cant/mustnt)用may I ?征询对方许可时比较正式和客气,而用Can I ?
10、在口语中更常见。用于祈使句,表示祝愿。May you succeed!2)表示推测、可能性(不用于疑问句中)might不是过去式,它所表示的可能性比may小。He may/might be busy now.Your mother may/might not know the truth. 4.dare,need1)dare作情态动词用时,常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中,过去式形式为dared.How dare you day I am unfair?He darent speak English before such a crowd,dare he?If we dared not go
11、there that day,we couldnt get the beautiful flower.2)need作情态动词用时,常用于疑问句。否定句。在肯定句中一般用must.have to.ought to.should代替。You neednt come so early.-Need I finish the work today?-Yes,you must/No,you neednt.3)dare和neeed作实义动词时,有人称和数的变化。在肯定句中,dare后面常接带to的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中,dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。而need后面只能接带to的不定式。5.s
12、hall,should;What shall we do this evening?shall用于第二,第三人称,表示说话人给对方的命令,警告,允诺,决心或威胁。You shall do what I say(命令)You shall fail id you dont workd hard.(警告)He shall have the book when I finish it.(允诺)He shall be punished.(威胁)Nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan.(决心) 6Will,would1)比奥斯建议,请求等,woul
13、d等委婉。Will/would you pass me the ball,please?2)表示意志、愿望和决心。I will never do that again.They asked him if he would go abroad.3)would 表示过去反复发生的动作和某种倾向.would表示过去习惯比used to正式,而且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。During the vacation,he would visit ne every the other day.4)表示估计和猜想。It would be about ten oclock when she left home.
14、 7.should,ought to.1)should,ought to表示“应该”,ought to表示义务或责任,比should语气重。I should help her because she is in trouble.You ought to take care of the baby.2)表示劝告、建议和命令。Should,ought to,可通用,但在疑问句中常用should.You shoud/ought to go to class right away.Shoukd I open the window?3)表示推测Should,ought to,(客观推测)。must(客观
15、推测)He must be home by now。(断定他已到家)He ought to/should be home by now.(不太肯定)This is where the oil must be.(直爽)This is where the oil ought to/should be.练习随堂练习:(30道单选题)8.情态动词句型(1)表示对现在情况的推测(情态动词 + v.)肯定:must/may/might + be/do/be doing否定:can/could + not + be/do/be doing疑问:Can/Could + sb. + be/do/be doing(2)表示对过去情况的推测(情态动词 + have done)肯定:must/may/might + have been否定:can/could + not + have been/done疑问:Can/Could + sb. + have been/have done注意:表示推测(可能性从大到小):must,can,could,may,might.