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1、Section Welcome to the unit & ReadingWarming UpA卷 学生用书P97(单独成册) 阅读理解AEnglish language learners, also known as ELLs, are students with limited English abilities. American public school systems seek to develop programs to help such students improve their English. The goal is to give students the langu
2、age skills they need to fully take part in educational activities and help them succeed in the classroom. Studies have shown clear connections between greater Englishlanguage abilities and improved educational results.The state with the highest number of ELL students was California. Twentyone percen
3、t of its public school students were English language learners in 2015. The next highest states were Texas and Nevada. Nearly 17 percent of both states students were ELLs. In eight states, ELLs made up 10 percent or more of the total public school students.Thirtysix states and the District of Columb
4、ia saw a rise in the number of ELL students from 2010 to 2015. The largest increase3 percentwas reported in Massachusetts. In 14 states, the percentage of ELLs fell in 2015 compared to 2010. The largest drop, which was 4 percent, was reported in the western state of Nevada.About 77 percent of ELL st
5、udents said they mainly spoke Spanish at home. Twentyone percent of Spanishspeaking ELLs lived in California. Arabic is the second most common language spoken at home by ELL students. Chinese is the third most commonly spoken language by American ELL students. About 2 percent of the totalor about 10
6、1，000 studentsidentified(认定) themselves as Chinese speakers at home. About 81，000 ELL students reported speaking Vietnamese at home. That is 1.7 percent of all ELLs.About 14 percent of ELLs lived in cities, the National Center for Education Statistics reported. Nine percent lived in suburban(郊区的) ar
7、eas. And around 6.5 percent lived in small towns, while 3.6 percent were in the countryside.Not surprisingly, most English language learners were in lower grade levels. In 2015, 67 percent of students were either in kindergarten or grades 1 through 5. The other 33 percent were in sixth through 12th
8、grades.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。美国的很多公立学校里有很多英语不好的学生，他们的英语能力影响到了他们的学习成绩。1What can we know about ELLs in America during 2010 to 2015?AOver half of ELLs lived in suburban areas.BMassachusetts had the highest number of ELLs.CThere were more and more ELLs in many states.DThe number of ELLs in California increased
9、 by 21%.C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的Thirtysix states and the District of Columbia saw a rise in the number of ELL students from 2010 to 2015. The largest increase3 percentwas reported in Massachusetts.可知，在2010年至2015年间，有三十六个州英语语言学习者的数量都在上升。2Which of the following is the most widely spoken by American ELLs at hom
10、e?AArabic.BSpanish.CChinese. DVietnamese.B解析：细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，美国英语语言学习者在家里说西班牙语最普遍。3What does the text mainly talk about?ALanguages spoken in the US.BPrograms to help ELLs in the US.CEnglish language learners in the US.DThe most popular languages in the US.C解析：主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文围绕美国那些英语能力不高的英语语言学习者展开，
11、介绍了其数量、比例、分布地区以及能力水平方面的相关信息。BGabriellas family immigrated to the US from Peru when she was two years old. As a compound bilingual(熟谙两种语言的人), Gabriella develops two linguistic codes at the same time, with a set of concepts, learning both English and Spanish. Her teenage brother, on the other hand, mi
12、ght be a coordinate bilingual, working with two sets of concepts, learning English in school, spanish at home. Finally, Gabriellas parents are likely to be subordinate bilinguals who learned a second language by translating it into their mother tongue.Regardless of accent and pronunciation, all type
13、s of bilingual people can become fully proficient in a language. It seems that the difference may not be apparent. But recently brain imaging technology has given a glimpse into how specific aspects of language learning affect the bilingual brain. Its well known that the brains left hemisphere(半球) i
14、s in charge of logical processes, while the right hemisphere is more active in emotional and social ones. Language involves both types of functions. Critical period hypothesis says children learn languages more easily because their developing brains let them use both hemispheres in language learning
15、, while in most adults, language relies on one hemisphere, usually the left.Before the 1960s, bilingualism was considered a handicap that slowed the childrens development by forcing them to spend too much energy distinguishing between languages. But a recent study did show that bilingualism may make
16、 you smarter. It does make your brain more complex, healthier, and more actively engaged, and even if you didnt have the good fortune of learning a second language like a child, its never too late to do yourself a favor and make the linguistic leap form “Hello” to “Hola” “Bonjour” or “nihao” because when it comes to our brains, a little exercise can go a long way.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究发
