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1、哈佛大学幸福课第三课中英文讲义早上好 同学们Good morning,everyone.今天是本学期正式开学的第一天This semester has started,officially today.很高兴在这看到你们Glad to see you here.我只想说几句话Just a couple of announcement还有向进修学院的同学们打声招呼and also hi to the extension school students.上次我们向新西兰的同学问好Last time we say hi to New Zealand.今天轮到爱尔兰的同学了Today we are s
2、aying hi to Ireland.现在先说这里的本科生和研究生In terms of sectioning分组问题for the undergrads and graduate students here,你们明天会收到Sean Achor的邮件youll get an email from Sean Achor tomorrow.你们填好各自的想加入的小组And youll put in your section preference.我们本周会分好小组We are sectioning this weekend.选择你最想加入的组非常重要So it will be important
3、 that you submit your top preferences.下周我们就开始And next week we are starting.还记得上节课的问题吗Last time,if you remember the question that we ask,最主要的问题是为什么要学习积极心理学?the guiding question was why positive psychology?我提到了三个原因And I mentioned three reasons,为何我们把它作为独立的研究 而不简单地Why we need it as an independent field
4、as opposed to just being研究一下幸福和爱情well,lets do some studies on happiness,on relationships不像一贯人们所做的那样?as it is always being done?我们需要积极心理学是为了改变The reason why we need positive psychology is to shift现在的21比1这个比率the pendulum from the 21:1 ratio that we have today:每有一项关于抑郁或焦虑的研究for every one study on depre
5、ssion or anxiety,就有21项 对不起we have 21 studies on- sorry,应该是每有一项关于快乐或幸福的研究for one study on happiness or wellbeing,就有21项关于抑郁或焦虑的研究we have 21 studies on depression and anxiety.我们想稍微改变这个比率We want to shift the pendulum slightly.我提过三个原因And I mentioned three reason关于为什么要改变这个比率why we want to shift this pendu
6、lum despite the fact尽管世界上越来越多人抑郁that there are rising levels of depression around the world,而焦虑就像是全球性流行病that anxiety has become epidemic globally遍布美国 中国 澳大利亚 英国所有大学on college campuses in United States,China,Australia,UK.尽管如此 我还是认为我们该改变那比率Despite that fact,I argue that we need to shift the pendulum做更
7、多积极研究 或者说and do more positive research,or in other words,集中研究可行的事research that focuses on what works.原因在于And the reason is我们之前讨论完的第一个原因是the first reason that we gave and we are just finishing up is我们提出的问题很重要because the question that we ask,无论它是不是我们的研究问题whether its the research questions that we ask,
8、或我们为自己所问的or the questions that we ask of ourselves,或为我们的伴侣问的or our partners,matter.如果我们只问同一类问题And if our only questions,或只是问有哪些不如意的事?or primarily our questions are what is not working?出什么问题了?What is the problem?为什么那么多孩子因为成长环境而堕落?Why are so many kids failing as a result of their circumstances?如果我们只问了
9、这些问题If we only ask these questions,就会错过现实中很重要的部分we will miss,literally miss an important part of reality,像你们在练习中没看到公车上的孩子一样just like you missed the children on the bus in the exercise.你们大多数人都没看到Most of you did.如果我们也问积极问题And if we also ask the positive question,那就会出现新的可能性 新的探索then some new possibilit
10、ies,new quests open up,就像他们对研究学者所问的一样just like they did for the researchers when they started to ask不再问为什么有这么多人堕落?no longer why do so many individuals fail?而问那些人是怎样取得成功的?but started to ask what do some individuals do and succeed?为什么有些人能成功Why do some individuals succeed即使成长环境恶劣?despite the unfavorabl
11、e circumstances?我们会以Marva Collins的故事为例And then we have the story of Marva Collins,她的例子很典型 能说明很多观点who exemplifies so many of themes这些观点会贯穿我们整节课that well talk about throughout the course.Marva Collins所做的What Marva Collins did就是帮助她的学生从消极的受害者-was help her students shift from the passive victim你是成长环境的受害者
12、you are victims of your circumstances,是你的家庭教育 邻里关系 和社会环境的受害者of your upbringing,neighborhood,country,诸如此类的 从消极的受害者变成积极的作用者whatever it isfrom a passive victim to an active agent.00:03:56,790 - 00:03:59,790是的 那很困难 艰辛 不公平Yes,its difficult. Its tough. Its unfair.但这是你自己的责任 没人会来帮你However,its your responsib
13、ility. No one is coming.能否改变自己的人生 由你自己决定Its up to you to make that difference in your life.但她改变了千千万万人的人生And she made a difference to thousands of peoples lives现在还在这么做and continues to do so.换句话说 如果我们看看芝加哥学院体制In other words,if we look at the case of Chicago school systemMarva Collins就在那体制下执教where Marv
14、a Collins was teaching,the conventional,还是那个老问题traditional question was- if you remember怎样才能让学生们在学校how can we keep these students in school留得久一点?for as long as possible?如何让他们在10或12岁后还留在学校How can we keep them in school beyond the age of 10 or 让他们远离街头帮派?so that they dont join street gangs?让他们远离毒品和犯罪?S
15、o that they are not hurt by drugs or crime?如何使他们安全地留在学校?How can we keep them safe at school?这是个很重要的问题 但还不只如此An important question to ask. However,not enough.Marva Collins重新定义这个问题Marva Collins comes along and reframes the question.她提出的问题是And her question becomes我们如何培养学生 激发他们的潜能?how can we cultivate the seed of greatness in our student?这问题改变了一切And that,once again,made all the difference,因为她看到了每个学生的潜能bec
