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1、.Module 9 Friendship词汇精讲1. separate（1）separate作形容词，意为“单独的；分开的”。例如：We dont have a separate dining roomthe living area is all one. 我们没有单独的饭厅活动空间都在一处。We offer separate classes for students to learn Chinese in different ways. 我们提供分班授课，让不同的学生以不同的方式学习中文。（2）separate作动词，意为“分开；隔开”。例如：Wed better separate the
2、good ones from the bad ones. 我们最好把好的和坏的分开。Even numerous mountains and rivers cannot separate our friendship. 纵然是万水千山也隔不断我们的情谊。【拓展】separately作副词，意为“单独地；分别地”。例如：He said he would see each of us separately. 他说他将分别约见我们每一个人。Please be sure that you wrap each item separately. 请确保独立地包装每件物品。2. explainexplain作
3、动词，意为“解释，说明，阐明”。其用法如下：（1）explain sth. to sb. 例如： Please explain that rule to me. 请把这条规则给我讲一讲。（2）explain (to sb.) + 疑问词 + 从句 例如： Please explain to me what this means. 请对我说明这是什么意思。（3）explain + that从句 例如： He explained that we could no longer stay. 他解释说我们不能再待下去了。【注意】explain后面不能接双宾语，在接间接宾语sb.时，前面应加介词to，即
4、explain sth. to sb.。3. treattreat作动词，意为“治疗；对待；看待”。例如： The dentistis treatingmy teeth. 牙医正在治疗我的牙齿。Marrytreatsmeasone of the family. 玛丽对待我就像家人一样。【拓展】treatment是treat的名词形式，意为“对待；待遇；治疗”时，常用搭配有：medical treatment药物治疗；hospital treatment住院治疗。4. whetherwhether作连词，意为“是否”。当把一般疑问句的直接引语转化成间接引语时，常用if或whether作引导词。例
5、如： I asked her, “Do you study English here?” 我问她：“你在这里学习英语吗？” I asked her if/ whether she studied English there. 我问她是否在那里学习英语。【拓展】if和whether的辨析： if和whether均可表示“是否”，一般情况下二者可以互换。但在下列条件下，只能用whether而不能用if：（1）if后不能直接接or not。（2）whether可作介词的宾语。（3）whether后可接不定式。（4）whether可用于句首。（5）whether可引导主语从句、表语从句。例如：Ever
6、ything depends on whether we have enough money. 一切都取决于我们是否有足够的钱。Whether it is right or wrong, I dont know. 正确与否，我不知道。It doesnt matter whether he will come or not. 他来不来没关系。5. patient（1）patient作形容词，意为“有耐心的, 能忍受的”，后接with/of。例如：Hes a very patient man. 他是个很有耐心的人。The teacher is very patient with his stude
7、nts.这位老师对学生很耐心。（2）patient作名词，意为“病人”。例如：The doctor is very patient with his patients. 那位医师对病人十分耐心。6. encourageencourage 作动词，意为“鼓励”。encourage sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”。例如：The teacher often encourages us to study hard. 老师经常鼓励我们要努力学习。My mother encouraged me to enter the contest. 妈妈鼓励我参加那场比赛。【拓展】（1）encou
8、rage sb. in sth. 意为“在方面鼓励/助长某人”。例如： Dont encourage him in laziness. 别助长他的懒惰行为。（2）encouragement是encourage的名词形式，意为“鼓舞/鼓励”。例如： The teachers words were a great encouragement to him. 老师的话对他是极大的鼓舞。7. passpass作动词，意为“经过；通过；”。例如：I hope you can pass the exam. 我希望你能通过考试。They passed through the forest. 他们穿过了森林。
9、【拓展】（1）pass作动词，意为“传递”。pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb.意为“将某物传递给某人”。例如： He passed me a pen. = He passed a pen to me. 他递给我一支笔。（2）pass on是动副结构，意为“继续传递”，pass on sth. to sb. = pass sth. on to sb.，但当sth.是代词时，只能放在pass on之间。例如： When he got the message, he passed it on to others. 当他获得这个消息时，他继续传递给别人。8. includ
10、einclude作动词，意为“包括；包含”。例如：The price for the hotel includes breakfast. 旅店的费用包括早餐在内。The parcel included a dictionary. 那包裹里有一本字典。【拓展】including除了是include的现在分词/动名词之外，在日常运用中一般被当作介词使用，和其后的名词/代词一起形成介宾短语，意思是“包括在内”。例如：There are many different kinds of moon cakes, including fruit, coffee and ham.有很多种月饼，包括水果的，咖啡
11、的和火腿月饼。There are 40 students in the classroom, including me.班里有40名学生，包括我在内。同样，included也有介词用法，且：including + 宾语 = 宾语 + included。所以上个例句亦可写成：There are 40 students in the classroom, me included.词汇精练I. 英汉短语互译。1最后一次_ 2对某人微笑_3在那时_ 4担心_5as usual _ 6make friends _7day by day _ 8far away _II. 根据汉语或首字母提示完成单词。1D
12、ont _(大笑) at others when they are in trouble2This watch was a g_ from my aunt3Look，the gun is shining _(明亮的)4During spring festival，we Chinese often visit friends and _(亲戚)5Please remember not to t_ the things in the shop6Dont be a_ to ask the teachers questions7You neednt w_ about his safetyIII. 用方
13、框中所给单词或词组的适当形式填空，每个词限用一次。get back；each other；polite；twelve；knife；excite；at first；Im afraid；feel like；some time1Watching a football match can make people feel _2The Browns are going to celebrate their daughters _ birthday3His father always _ home at 5:00 p. m. 4We should speak to the old _5In Britain
14、，people not only use _ to cut things but also use them to have meals6What does it _ being at school in China?7_ Ill be late for class8_ I didnt like him but now I do9From now on we should help _ because we are friends10“I thought it would be nice to spend _ with you，” I said【参考答案】I. 英汉短语互译。1the last time 2smile at sb. 3at that moment 4worry about5和平时一样 6交朋友 7一天天地 8远离II. 根据汉语或首字母提示完成单词。1laugh 2gift 3brightly 4relatives5touch 6afraid 7worryIII. 用方框中所给单词或词组的适当形式填空，每个词限用一次。1excited 2twelfth 3gets back 4politely 5knives6feel like
