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1、2000-2019年历年专四语法真题答案2019年11. Moving from beginning to end by order of time, narration relies on a more natural pattern of organization than _.A. will other types of writingB. do other types of writingC. on other types of writing D. other types of writing解析:选D。本题很明显的一道送分题,考查比较状语从句。观察句子和选项,可看出本题要比较的对象
2、是“narration”和“other types of writing”。than在此处是连词,后面需要接句子,后接应是other types of writing rely on natural pattern of organization,与主句一致部分可省略,即other types of writing。12. _ the attempted rescue mission, the hostages might still be alive.A. If it not had been for B. If had it not been forC. Had it not been f
3、or D. Had not it been for解析:选C。考查虚拟语气。当虚拟条件句中含有were,had,should等助动词时,可以将if省略,然后将were,had或should等词移至句首,注意从句中否定词not不需要提前。本句正常语序为 If it had not been for the attempted rescue mission, the hostages might still be alive。16年19题,17年19题,18年20题都考过虚拟语气,说明该考点较为重要,不排除20年会继续出现。13. Members of the Parliament were po
4、ised _ ahead with a bill to approve construction of the oil pipeline.A. to move B. moving C. to moving D. at moving解析:选A。考查固定搭配。固定搭配没什么好说的,平常多积累。be poised to do sth.表示“做好准备随时做某事”。pipeline意为“管道”。14. Writers often coupled narration with other techniques to develop ideas and support opinions that other
5、wise _ abstract, unclear, or unconvincing.A. may remain B. could remain C. must have remained D. might have remained解析:选D。考查虚拟语气。是的,他来了,他又来了!重要考点,圈出来!otherwise表示的是“要不然,否则的话”。主句中的谓语动词是coupled,过去时,定语从句的内容是与过去事实相反的假设,谓语动词应为could/should/would/might+have done。注意:18年考题中也有对otherwise的考查。句意:作家们常常会把叙述和其他的写作手法
6、结合起来,以组织思路和支撑观点。否则,这些思路和观点就可能会变得十分抽象,含糊或者缺乏说服力。分析:本句是一个长难句,句子主体是Writers often coupled narration with other techniques。to develop ideas and support opinions表的目的,that引导是一个定语从句,其先行词是ideas和opinions。15. Protocol was _ enabled him to make difficult decisions without ever looking back.A. who B. what C. whi
7、ch D. that解析:选B。考查表语从句。很常规的一个题目。本句中,主语是Protocol,系动词是was,后面的表语从句缺少指代Protocol的主语,what在表语从句可充当主语,宾语,表语成分,意为“什么,所的(东西)”,而that在名词性从句中,不充当任何成分,无意义,只起语法连接作用。protocol意为“协议”。16. The woman had persuaded him to do _ he was hired never to do reveal the combination for the lock on the entrance.A. one thingB. suc
8、h one thing C. any one thing D. the one thing解析:选D。考查定冠词的用法。定冠词的用法都挺基础的,这道题愣是设置成了记为高大上的模样。定冠词the表示特指,这里的特指属于确定特指(definite specific reference),非常明确地指出和人或何物。本题中已具体说明他受雇不会做的事的具体内容。17. The bad news was that he could be a very dangerous person _ he choose to be.A. should B. could C. might D. must解析:选A。没错
9、,他又双叒出现了,考查虚拟语气。对虚拟语气把握的话,3分直接就拿下了啊!是不是感觉赚一个亿?就算不熟悉虚拟语气,看选项都是情态动词,也可以知道考的是虚拟语气撒,虚拟语气选情态动词十有八九就是should啊!这部分要求速度啊,有些题目当然的用所谓的“偏方”快速解答,考场哪有那么多时间来细细分析句子结构。平常多做长难句子分析,考场才会游刃有余。好了,还是正经讲题目。本句看着毫无头绪,花里胡哨的,其实就是一个表语从句里面藏了一个条件状语从句。主干部分是the bad news was that.,表语从句中的主句为he could be a very dangerous person,从句为一个倒装
10、句,倒装用法见12题,正常语序应为if he should choose to be。18. “If not us, who? If not now, when?” These two questions are used as a _.A. sign of anger B. call for action C. refusal to change D. denial of commitment解析:选B。考查句法。好像从16年改革后,每年都要考那么2-3个对句子理解的题目。句子意思为“不是我们,那是谁?不是现在,更待何时?”其言外之意就是“就是我们。就是现在”,即表示的是呼吁行动(call
11、for action)。A、C、D项分别是“表达愤怒”,“拒绝改变”,“否认承诺”。19. What is the function of the present progressive in “They are always calling me by the wrong name”?A. To express unfavorable feelings. B. To alleviate unnecessary hostility.C. To indicate uncertainty. D. To dramatize a fact.解析:选A。考查现在进行时。现在进行时常与always,con
12、tinually,constantly,for ever等频度状语连用,对现阶段经常发生的动作表示某种感情色彩,并且多半表示说话人的不满情绪。A、B、C、D项分别是“表示不悦”、“减轻不必要敌意”、“暗示不确定”和“夸大事实”。16年11题有相同考点,所以真题价值很高啊!20. “Harry was compelled to resign and to come down to London, where he set up as an army coach.” The relative clause in the sentence serves to _.A. supply addition
13、al information about London B. describe the antecedent “London”C. put restrictions on the identity of Harry D. narrate a sequential action taken by Harry解析:选D。考查定语从句。这已经是对句子理解的第三题了。本句是主从复合句,定语从句是指句末where引导的从句,补充说明Harry后续的动作。此题着实有一定的迷惑性,我也纠结了好一会。where引导的定语从句,其先行词是London,但并不是“补充伦敦的信息”和“修饰先行词伦敦”。非限制性定语
14、从句和它的先行项之间只有比较松散的关系,它不是先行项不可缺少的组成部分,而仅仅是对先行项提供一些补充说明。2018年11. C. is believed to have been. 考点分析,sb/sth be believed to do/to be doing/to have done用法12. D.has been maintaining.考点分析,时态现在完成进行时(have been doing),从过去某一时间点(1983年)到现在仍然进行的动作(一直保持大学排名)。13. B. otherwise. 他是被引诱的, 要不然的话, 他是不会犯罪的。考点分析,otherwise用在定
15、语从句结构中, 并与虚拟语气搭配使用。本题省略了that,He was lured into a crime that he would not otherwise have committed. 本句中省略的关系代词that指代先行词crime, 充当commit的宾语。Otherwise的这一用法既可以出现在that/which/who引导的普通定语从句中,也可以出现在than引导的特殊定语从句。 otherwise的基本含义是“ 在相反的情况下 ”或“ 要不然的话 ”, 表达的是与前面提到的真实情况相反的一个假设情形。本句otherwise是对过去的虚拟, otherwise就相当于虚拟条件从句“if it had not been for ”, 此时that定语从句中的结构为“that somebody would otherwise have +过去分词”。 整个定语从句相当于这样一个完整的虚拟句: “He would not have committed the crime if he had not been lured into it.”(如果他当时没有受引诱,他就不会犯罪了。) 具体用法请查阅otherwise与定语从句。14. C