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1、Grammar 名名 词词 性性 从从 句句 Noun clause 1 名词性从句定义 在句子中起名词性作用 的句子叫做名词性从句 名词性从句相当于名词 可分别作主句的主 语 宾语 表语和同位语 名词性从句可以分为 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句和同位语从句 2 宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句 通常放在主句谓语动词 及物动词 或介词之后 引导宾语从句词有 连词 that if whether 不担当句子成分 that 有时可省 没有词义 连接代词 who whom whose what which 有 词义 在句中充当一定成分 可作主语 宾语 表语和定 语 连接副词 when whe
2、re how why 有词义 作状 语 They know the teacher 主语 谓语 宾语 They know the teacher is a man 主语 谓语 宾语从句 句子做宾语就是宾语从句 宾语从句 The Object Clause 1 大部分宾语从句直接跟在动词后 e g He doesn t know how he should finish his task 2 有些宾语从句前要有间接宾语 e g He told me what I should do in my work 3 如果宾语从句后面有宾语补足语 要使用形式宾 语 it 而将从句放到补足语后面 e g I
3、 thought it not necessary that he came back earlier 4 否定的转移 若主句谓语动词为 think consider suppose believe expect guess imagine等 其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义 一般要把否定词转移 到主句谓语上 从句谓语用肯定式 例如 I don t think you are right 5 宾语从句的时态 当主句为一般现在时 从句 可以灵活使用各种时态 当主句为一般过去时 从句只 能使用相应的过去时态 但如果从句表达客观真理时 从句时态仍然用一般现在时 I think that it will
4、rain tomorrow She told us that she had borrowed the book from the library The father told his son that the moon moves around the earth 6 在demand order suggest insist request command等表 示要求 命令 建议 决定等意义的动词后 宾语从句常用 should 动词原形 如 She request that I should finish my work at 9 00 7 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序为陈述语序 如 C
5、an you tell me how I can get to the hospital 8 在名词性从句中whether 和if 含义均为 是否 但用法有区别 主要区别如下 a 引导宾语从句时whether与if可以互换 She asked me whether if the teacher would leave b 引导表语从句 同位语从句时只能用whether引导 The question was whether Tom has gone to Shanghai c 位于句首引导主语从句只能用whether Whether they will come is unknown d 作介词
6、的宾语或同不定式连用时只能用whether It all depends on whether they will help us e 和or not 连在一起时只能用whether引导 The meal will be ready for her whether she comes or not f 用if会引起理解混淆时 只能用whether 如 Please let me know if you like it g 在否定形式的宾语从句中只能用if引导 如 I don t care if he don t come 9 宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下 不能省略 a 当that
7、 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语 时 第二个that不能省 b 当that作介词宾语时 that不可省掉 C 用it做形式宾语的宾语从句 Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do 1 The young man asked it s summer or winter A either B that C weather D whether 2 We don t know they did it A how B wh
8、o C what D which 3 The teacher asks us Jim can come back on time A that B if C when D what time 4 Does anybody know we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not A if B where C whether D that 5 I wonder he is crying now A that B why C how D when exercise 6 Have you found out we can do on Hainan
9、Island A what B how C if D whether 7 Lily said she had finished her composition A if B that C when D where 8 I don t know he still lives here A where B what C when D whether 9 Could you show me A how can I get to the station B where is the station C how I could get to the station D how I can reach t
10、he station 10 He suggested that we to the park later A will go B went C go D has gone 11 He doesn t know to go to Beijing or not A that B if C whether D if whether 12 Did she say anything about we could pass the exam A that B if C whether D if whether 3 表语从句 从句在句中充当表语成分 一般放在连 系动词之后 作用 对主语进行解释说明 连接词
11、that whether as if as though if 不引导 表语从句 that不可省 连接代词 who whom whose which what 充当 主语 宾语 定语 表语 有自己的词义 连接副词 when where why how because 有 词义 充当时间 地点 方式 原因状语 She was late The fact is that she was late for the meeting 表语 表语从句 1 其他连词as if because as as though 引 导的表语从句 a because引导表语从句通常只用于 This That It is
12、 because 结构中 He was sent to hospital That is because he was ill b as if though引导的表语从句常置于连系动 词look seem sound be become等后面 常 用虚拟语气 表示不存在的动作或状态 e g It sounds as if though somebody was knocking at the door 1 Go and get your coat It s you left it A there B where C there were D where there 2 The problem
13、is he has enough time A if B whether C D that 3 He made a promise he would help me A what B when C that D which 4 What the doctor really doubt is Lucy will recover from the serious disease soon A when B how C whether D why exercise 单句改错 1 We wonder how we shall do next 2 Could you tell me where are they having a picnic 3 I am sorry that I don t know you want to take part in the competition 4 Mr li seems that he is very expert at repairing at computers what they are didn t as if Homework 课时训练区 P76 单选
