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1、第三章第三章 句句 型型 在英语中 根据句子用途的不同 可以分为陈述 句 疑问句 祈使句和感叹句四类 此外 there be 句型作为一种特殊而重要的句型 在小学阶段也应 注意掌握 知识梳理知识梳理 一 陈述句的概念 陈述句是用来陈述事实或者说话人的看法的句子 它包括肯定句和否定句两种 在书写时句末用句点 在 朗读时用降调 如 This is a nice book Susan likes maths very much My father doesn t go to work on weekends They aren t going to climb the mountain this S
2、aturday 第一节第一节 陈述句陈述句 二 肯定句变否定句的基本方法 1 句中有be动词的句子 变为否定句时只需在 be动词后加not 如 1 I am in Grade Six this year I m not I am not in Grade Six this year 2 Mike is going to play football this afternoon Mike isn t is not going to play football this afternoon 3 These are red apples These aren t are not red apples
3、 4 It was a fine day yesterday It wasn t was not a fine day yesterday 5 We were happy at that time We weren t were not happy at that time 2 句中含有情态动词的句子 变为否定句时只需 在情态动词后加 not 如 1 Peter can fly Peter can t can not fly 2 You should stop smoking now You shouldn t should not stop smoking now 3 实义动词的否定句 谓语
4、动词为行为动词的句 子变为否定句时 要根据时态选用do的相应形式 do does did 并在其后加 not 如 1 I like listening to music I don t like listening to music 2 My father likes playing sports My father doesn t like playing sports 3 Grandma does housework every day Grandma doesn t do housework every day 4 He did his homework last night He di
5、dn t do his homework last night 注 加do not does not或did not改为否定句 以后 要把原句的动词改为动词原形 特别是当原句 中的谓语动词是第三人称单数形式does或过去式did 时 改为否定句一定要记得在doesn t或didn t之后加 上do 4 几种特殊形式的否定句 1 肯定句中含有every 的合成词时 变为否定句时将 其改为no 的合成词 如 Everything is ready Nothing is ready 2 肯定句中含有always usually或ever时 变为否定 句时将其改为never 如 He is alway
6、s late for school He is never late for school I usually go to the park on foot I never go to the park on foot 3 肯定句中含有many或much时 变为否定句时将其 改为few或little 如 Many students know him Few students know him There is much milk in the bottle There is little milk in the bottle 4 肯定句中含有both both and 或all时 变 为否定句
7、时将其改为neither neither nor 或none 并注意谓语动词要相应变化 如 Both of us are students Neither of us is a student Both you and I are right Neither you nor I am right All the students are in the classroom None of the students is in the classroom 5 I think 句式变为否定句时 只要在think之 前加 don t 即可 如 I think you are right I don t
8、 think you are right 考点精析考点精析 考点考点1 考查陈述句基础句型的运用能力考查陈述句基础句型的运用能力 例1 根据图片将句子补充完整 每空一词 1 This ruler is 2 They 解析 本题考查学生对陈述句基本句型的运用能 力 第1小题的句子形式是 主语 系动词 表语 因此 横线上需要填上一个单词或短语对主语进行修饰或限 定 第2题只给出了主语They 只要能根据图片内容写 出符合图意的句子 并保证句子语句通顺和语法正确 就可以了 答案 1 long 2 like playing football are playing football 举一反三 1 改错
9、 选出错误项的字母编号并改正在后面的 横线上 1 My brother is playing piano A B C 2 Some boys comes in happily A B C 3 It s going to warm tomorrow A B C C B B playing the piano come in be warm 2 用括号内所给动词的适当填空 1 There some bags in the room The black one mine be 2 A horse run but it fly can 3 David always his homework at 7
10、00 p m do 4 Look the fish in the water They are so cute swim are is cancan t does are swimming 考点2 考查陈述句的句式转换考查陈述句的句式转换 例2 按要求转换句型 1 Today is a rainy day 改为否定句 2 He does sports three times a week 改为否定句 解析 本题考查肯定句和否定句的转换 要注意 转换规则 第1小题中有be动词 is 则只需要在is之后 加上not 即可 第2小题中没有be 动词 而是行为动词 do的三单形式does 在改写否定句
11、的时候 要先加上 doesn t 然后再将原来的does 还原为do 放在does之后 这种题是最容易出错的 答案 1 Today isn t a rainy day 2 He doesn t do sports three times a week 举一反三 根据括号内动词的提示 将下列句子改为否定句 1 Sarah can swim 2 I do want to eat more candies 3 A tiger can fly but it can jump 4 You should put on your jacket 5 You must smoke here 6 It was r
12、ainy yesterday can t don t can t shouldn t mustn t wasn t 过关检测过关检测 1 单项填空 1 My father like apples A isn t B doesn t C don t 2 I like pop music A isn t B doesn t C don t 3 I go to school yesterday A do B don t C didn t 4 What s this a book A That is B It s C This 5 I many birthday presents A am B has
13、 C have B C C B C 6 My mother badminton well A is play B play C plays 7 I free last Sunday A am B did C was 8 The girl reads A loud B loudly C loudy 9 My mother would like some meat A buy B buying C to buy 10 Here is a card your father A in B from C to C C B C B 二 将下列句子改为否定句 每空一词 1 This is a desk Th
14、is a desk 2 My sister can draw pictures My sister draw pictures 3 We do morning exercises every day We morning exercises every day 4 Mike does his homework after dinner Mike his homework after dinner 5 My grandparents did sports in the garden yesterday My grandparents sports in the garden yesterday
15、isn t can t don tdo doesn tdo didn tdo 6 There is something wrong with my bike There wrong with my bike 7 Both Joan and I are in Class One Joan I in Class One 8 All of us can swim can swim 9 You can play basketball here You play basketball here 10 I think it is going to rain tomorrow I going to rain
16、 tomorrow isn tanythingisnothing Neithernoram Noneofus can t don t thinkit s 三 按要求改写下列句子 1 This is a banana 改为复数形式 2 There are some apples on the desk 改为否定句 3 I feel bad last night 改为同义句 4 I m going to Beijing next week 改为一般疑问 句 并作肯定回答 These are bananas There aren t any apples on the desk I didn t feel well last night Are you going to Beijing next week Yes I am 四 连词成句 1 sister s my shorter hair is mine than 2 should you read loudly English 3 there some noodles are the an egg and on plate 4 yeste
