此文档是毕业设计外文翻译成品（ 含英文原文+中文翻译），无需调整复杂的格式！下载之后直接可用，方便快捷！本文价格不贵,也就几十块钱！一辈子也就一次的事！外文标题：Restaurant’s Atmospheric Elements: What the Customer Wants外文作者：Hashim Fadzil Ariffin, Mohamad Fahmi Bibon & Raja Puteri Saadiah Raja Abdullah文献出处: Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 38 (2018) 380 – 387 (如觉得年份太老，可改为近2年，毕竟很多毕业生都这样做)英文3425单词，22748字符(字符就是印刷符)，中文5486汉字如果字数多了，可自行删减，大多数学校都是要求选取外文的一部分内容进行翻译的Restaurant’s Atmospheric Elements: What the Customer WantsAbstract：The purpose of the study is to examine youth customer behaviour due to the restaurant’s atmospheric element environment. It also explores the environment of the restaurant and the use of atmospherics by the restaurateurs through the reactions of the customers. The dimensions of colour, design, lighting, and restaurant layout, among others, were measured. Qualitative data taken from 300 youth customers were analyzed, and interpretations of the relationships were made. It was found that atmospheric elements contributed significantly in each representation of customer behaviour.Keywords: Restaurant atmosphere; customer behaviour; youth1.IntroductionIn order to meet the expectation with actual, if not optimum performance in restaurants, customer behaviour must be studied. Obviously, it takes more than food to create a good dining experience. Presentation of the restaurant environment must be taken into consideration in creating more a meaningful experience to restaurant patronage. The purpose of the study is to examine youth (customer) behaviour due to atmospheric elements in restaurants - and its effects on patronage mood, decision making behaviour, satisfaction level, and gestures. In addition, it explores the environment of the restaurant and the use of atmospherics by restaurateurs in regard to the reactions shown by customers to the atmosphere. The dimensions of colours, design, lighting, and restaurant layout, among others, were measured.2.Literature ReviewA review of the literature reveals that several definitions have been put forward to characterise the servicescape. Servicescape has been defined as all of the objective physical factors that can be controlled by the firm to enhance (or constrain) employee and customer actions by Bitner (1992, p. 65). Kotler (1973, p. 50) defined servicescape as “…design [of] buying environments to produce specific emotional effects in the buyer that enhance his [or her] purchase probability”. Arnould, Price and Tierney (1998, p.90) defined it as “consciously designed places, calculated to produce commercially significant actions”.Added to the definition, in Babin and Attaway’s (2000, p. 93), estimation, the servicescape “evokes emotions, which help determine value, and this value motivates customers to patronize a given choice repeatedly”. Atmospherics has been defined as "the effort to design buying environments to produce specific emotional effects in the buyer that enhance his purchase probability” (Kotler, 1973, p. 50). The main sensory channels for atmosphere are sight, sound, scent and touch (Kotler, 1973, p. 51). In a review of the atmospherics literature, Turley and Milliman (2000) designated a “general interior” atmospherics category which includes music, sound, lighting, scent, colour, temperature (often referred to as “ambient” environmental cues), and visual design elements. It is generally accepted that the term ‘atmospherics’ was coined by Kotler (1973) who first documented the influence of the in-store environment on the perceptual processes of customers’ (cf. Turley & Milliman, 2000, p. 193-211), leading to purchase/non- purchase decisions. Based on the early research in environmental psychology, Kotler (1973) took a narrower perspective by focusing on consumer behaviour and the effects that the physical environment has on it. He asserted that customers perceive store atmosphere through a combination of visual (color, lighting, proximity and number of visual elements); aural (music type, sound level); tactile (cleanliness); and olfactory (scent); cues present within the service environment.Ezeh and Harris in the Marketing Review 2007 cited in Kotler (1973) called for further research in the area as they observed that there was, quite frequently, a disconnection between the use of nonverbal cues to project the atmosphere intended by the retailer, and the same as perceived by the customer. In one of their studies, Ezeh and Harris (2007, p. 59), mentioned that back in 1943, looking at the bombed House of Commons, Winston Churchill is recorded saying: “we shape our buildings and afterwards, they shape us”. This lasting quote by Churchill signals his recognition of the servicescape influence on human behaviour. Churchill’s position was reflected almost fifty years later by Bitner (1992, p. 59) who stated that the belief “that human behaviour is influenced by the physical setting in which it occurs is essentially a truism”. Based on this classification, Bitner (199。