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1、Section Grammar 过去分词作定语和表语 语法图解探究发现But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.From the stoma
2、ch the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.He was determined to find out why.He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not
3、be used.With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the germs.我的发现(1)例句中的过去分词(短语)作定语。(2)例句中为单个的过去分词作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的前面；例句中过去分词短语作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的后面。(3)例句中的过去分词在句中作表语。一、过去分词作定语1过去分词作定语时的位置(1)前置定语一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词之前。The polluted water was to bla
4、me for the spread of cholera. 被污染的水造成了霍乱的传播。The recovered animals will be released soon.痊愈的动物会很快被释放。名师点津有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独作定语也放在所修饰的名词之后，如left(剩余的), given(所给的), concerned(有关的)等。There are few tigers left. It is time for the departments concerned to take measures to protect them from dying out.剩余的老虎不多了，
5、是相关当局采取措施保护它们免遭灭绝的时候了。如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no与thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等，单个分词放在被修饰词的后面。Is there anything unsolved?还有什么没解决的吗？(2)后置定语过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在所修饰词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。Last Tuesday in a mountainous area, there were a total of 173 sheep killed almost immediately (which were killed almo
6、st immediately) when lightning struck.上周二在一个山区，当雷击发生时有173只羊即刻被雷电击死。即时演练1(1)用所给词的适当形式填空(2017北京高考改编)Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time spent (spend) with his students.(2016浙江高考改编)To return to the problem of water pollution, Id like you to look at a study conducted (conduct) in Aust
7、ralia in 2012.(2015全国卷语法填空)The adobe dwellings (土坯房) built (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers.(2)同义句转换He is a teacher loved by his students. He is a teacher who_is_loved_by_his_students.The girl, who was brought up
8、by her uncle, has begun to work now.The girl, brought_up_by_her_uncle,_has begun to work now.2过去分词作定语时的意义(1)及物动词的过去分词作定语，在语态上表示被动；在时间上，常表示动作已经发生或完成，有时也不表示时间性。Trucks and buses were driven on gas carried in large bags on the roof. (表示被动)卡车与公共汽车皆烧煤气，煤气装在车顶上的大袋中。The plan put forward at the meeting will
9、be carried out soon. (表示被动和完成) 会上提出的计划将很快被执行。(2)不及物动词的过去分词作定语，它不表示被动意义，只强调动作完成。Our retired soccer coach went to watch us play a game last week.上周我们已退休的足球教练去看我们打了一场比赛。The risen sun is shining brightly in the morning.早上已升起的太阳正明亮地闪耀。即时演练2选择填空过去分词作定语有三种情况：A只表示被动B只表示完成C既表示被动又表示完成请判断下列句子中加黑部分属于哪种情况America
10、 is a developed country._B_I found it hard to understand the English spoken by the native villagers._A_Is there anything planned for the weekend？_C_3过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别意义形式语态 时态过去分词被动完成现在分词主动进行As we all know, China is a developing country.众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。The visitor came from a developed country. 这位游客来自
11、于一个发达国家。即时演练3用分词作定语补全句子Even though it is still in summer, there are many_fallen_leaves on the ground.尽管仍是夏天，但地上有很多的落叶。Nowadays there are a lot of manmade satellites flying_in_space. 如今在太空中有许许多多人造卫星在飞行。4过去分词(done)、现在分词的被动语态(being done)与动词不定式的被动语态(to be done)作定语的区别意义形式语态时态done被动完成being done被动进行to be d
12、one被动尚未发生The building built last year is our classroom building.去年建造的楼是我们的教学楼。The building being built now is our classroom building.现在正在建造的楼是我们的教学楼。The building to be built next month is our classroom building.下个月将要建造的楼是我们的教学楼。即时演练4用所给词的适当形式填空The cars being_sold (sell) at the market now are made in
13、 Guangzhou.Tsinghua University, founded (found) in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.(2014北京高考改编)There are still many problems to_be_solved (solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.二、过去分词作表语1过去分词作表语的用法过去分词可放在连系动词be, get, feel, remain, seem, look, become等之后作表语，表示主语
14、所处的状态。He looked worried after reading the letter.看完信后，他显得很忧虑。When we heard of it, we were deeply moved.当我们听到这件事时，被深深地感动了。即时演练5(1)用所给词的适当形式填空(2016浙江高考改编)Are you sure youre ready for the test?No problem. Im well prepared (prepare) for it.(2014广东高考语法填空)We got a little sunburned/sunburnt_ (sunburn), but
15、 the day had been so relaxing that we didnt mind. (2014安徽高考改编)While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted (promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty. (2)补全句子Why do you always look_tired?你为什么总是看上去很疲劳？I was_disappointed at the film I saw last night. I had expected it to be better. 我对昨晚看的电影很失望。我原以为它能好些。2过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态，而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。The cup is broken.杯子破了。(系表结构)The cup was br
