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1、情态动词态动词 的语语法特 征 1 情态动词态动词 不能单单独做谓语谓语 除ought和have 外 后面只能接不带带to的不定式 2 情态动词态动词 没有人称 数的变变化 但有些情态态 动词动词 如can will也有一般式和过过去式的变变化 3 情态动词态动词 的 时态时态 形式并不是时间时间 区别别 的主要标标志 不少情况下 情态动词态动词 的现现在式 形式和过过去式形式都可用来表示现现在时间时间 过过去时间时间 和将来时间时间 只作情态动词态动词 的 可情态态可实义实义 的 can could may might ought to must need dare 可情态态可助动词动词 的
2、 shall should will would 相当于情态动词态动词 的 have to used to 情态动词态动词 表示说话说话 人的语语气或对对事物的态态 度 认为认为 可能 应应当 必要 等 情态动词态动词 本身有词义词义 但不能单单独作 谓语动词谓语动词 必须须和原形动词动词 一起构成谓语谓语 并且没有人称和数的形式变变化 一 can could 1 can 表示许许可 能力及可能性 在非正式 场场合can可以代替may表示 许许可 如 You can live in my apartment when I am abroad 我去国外了 你可以住在我公寓里 Can you sp
3、eak French 你会说说法语吗语吗 The car is not hers Whose can it be 这车这车 不是她的 会是谁谁的呢 2 could 是can的过过去式 除表示许许可 能力 及可能性外 还还可以用来较较委婉地提出问问 题题或陈陈述看法 如 Most of us can use the computer now but we couldn t use ten years ago 现现在我们们大部分能使用电脑电脑 但十年前 我 们们不能 Could I use your bike for a while 我可以用一会儿你的自行车吗车吗 二 may might 1 ma
4、y 表示许许可 允许许 常译译作 可以 也 可表示可能性 常译译作 可能 或许许 如 You may eat here or take the food home 你可以在这这儿吃也可以把食物带带回家 He may be working on his research in the lab now 他现现在可能正在实验实验 室做他的研究 2 might 是may 的过过去式 在表示 可能 时时 二者可以互换换 但might表示的可能性较较 小 语语气也更委婉 如 You may fail the exam 可能性较较大 You might fail the exam 可能性较较小 3 may的
5、否定式可以用may not表示 但表示 不可以 禁止 的意思时时常用must not mustn t 如 May I watch TV after supper Yes you may No you mustn t 常用句型 may might as well do sth 还还是做 某 事好 如 It s very cold outside You may as well stay at home You might as well cut your hair short 三 will would 1 will 表 意愿 坚坚持 习惯习惯 等 如 I will go shopping aft
6、er school He will have his own way 他坚坚持自己的路子 The old man will sit there hour after hour enjoying the sunset 2 would 除作will的过过去式表 意愿 坚坚 持 过过去习惯习惯 外 还还可表示说话说话 人 的 意愿或向对对方提出请请求 语语气比will委 婉 如 Would you please make some room for me They would like to go for a walk instead of 3 would 和 used to都表 过过去常常 use
7、d to 表示过过去经经常做 但现现在已经经不这样这样 做 了 而would 表示过过去常做某事 现现在也 可 能做 People used to believe that the earth was flat 过过去 人们总们总 以为为地球是扁平的 现现在已 不再这样认为这样认为 了 He would go to the park as soon as he was free 过过去 他一有空就去公园 现现在有可能 还还 会再去 Tom used to be a quiet boy used to可以 接 表示状态态的词词 Tom would be a quiet boy would不可 以
8、 接表示状态态的词词 四 shall should 1 shall 表示征求对对方意见见或请请求指示 此 时时 只用于第一 三人称 shall还还可用于 表示意图图 意志 允诺诺 命令等必然结结果 此时时shall只能用于第二 三人称 要重读读 且不能缩缩写 但shall所表示的意志是说说 话话 人的意志 而非句子中主语语的意志 如 Shall we set off for school now 请请求 Shall I close the door 征询询意见见 Every student shall carry his ID card at school 规规定 You shall retu
9、rn home at 8 o clock 命 令 2 should 表示劝劝告 建议议等 译为译为 应该应该 如 We should respect our parents You should do some housework at home 3 should 用于虚拟语拟语 气的从句中 如 He suggested that we should go there by bus 五 must can t 表推测时测时 陈陈述句中用must 表示 一定 想必 否定句中can t 表 示 不可能 如 Rockets lost the game You must be joking I saw
10、Jack just now He can t have gone to New York 2 Read the sentences below and discuss with a partner how each of these modal verbs is being used in the situations use the suggestions in the box to help you some may have more than one answer ability advice agreement guessingpast habit necessity permiss
11、ion possibility prediction promise request 1 can and could Jim isn t very good at maths or science but he can speak English very well Our history test was so long last week that no one could finish it It was the last day of school but the teacher said that we could not leave early The hunters have b
12、een lost for days They could starve Could you please show me the way to Beihai Park 2 may and might What award did you get for the sports competition May I have a look Our football team didn t play very well today but we might do better tomorrow 3 will and would During the spring festival time the w
13、hole family will come for dinner My uncle was poor but liked fashion so he would often dress up as a rich man Are you free this Saturday Would you like to join my family for dinner 4 shall and should When going The harvest festival begins on Saturday We shall be there with our friends by plane you s
14、hould arrive at the airport at least one hour early I t s nearly ti me for class to start The teachershould be here soon 5 must and can t When you eat fish you must be careful with the bones Wang Feng has won the English competition three times He must be very smart A man landed on Mars You must be
15、joking That can t be true 3 With a partner use modal verbs to ask and answer questions based on the situations below Try to use each modal verb at least once Be ready to present your dialogues to the class 1 You want to invite your friend to come to a party on Sunday Sample dialogue A Hi Thomas Woul
16、d you like to come to a party on Sunday B Yes I d love to Where and when will it be A It ll be at my home at three o clock in the afternoon B Thanks I ll be there Should I bring anything A Hmm Could you bring something to drink I ll have plenty to eat B Sure I d be happy to 2 You want to be a doctor so you ask your teacher about what subjects to study Sample dialogue A Excuse me Mr Johnson May I have you a few questions B Yes of course A Well if I want to be a doctor in the future what should I
